1998

DNA immunization with a bovine rotavirus VP4 gene induces a Th1-like immune response in mice.: Viral Immunol. 1997;10(3):117-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98003019; Suradhat S; Yoo D; Babiuk LA; Griebel P; Baca-Estrada ME; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary; Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.; Immunization with naked plasmid DNA effectively induces both humoral and cell-mediated immunity to vaccine antigens and can confer protection against numerous infectious diseases. To explore the potential use of DNA immunization to induce rotavirus-specific immune responses, we used plasmid DNA encoding the VP4 gene o
Detection of antibodies to a recombinant gag protein derived from human endogenous retrovirus clone 4-1 in autoimmune diseases.: Viral Immunol. 1997;10(3):137-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98003021; Hishikawa T; Ogasawara H; Kaneko H; Shirasawa T; Matsuura Y; Sekigawa I; Takasaki Y; Hashimoto H; Hirose S; Handa S; Nagasawa R; Maruyama N; Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University, School of; Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.; To investigate whether human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) contribute to autoimmune diseases, we prepared a recombinant p30gag protein derived from clone 4-1 of the HERV family, using a baculovirus-vector system. This p30gag protein (CA41B) was approximately 30 kDa, as expected, and reacted with antibodies for p30gag
Kinetics study of human retrovirus antigens expression in T lymphocytic cell lines by indirect immunofluorescence assay.: Viral Immunol. 1997;10(3):149-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98003022; Gallego S; Recalde A; Gastaldello R; Isa M; Nates S; Medeot S; Institute of Virology Dr. J.M. Vanella, School of Medical Sciences,; National University of Cordoba, Argentina.; Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is a well-accepted assay for the confirmation of human retrovirus infection. Fluctuations in HIV-1 antigen expression in infected E-B2 cells depending on several factors have been reported. Cells kept in log phase expressed the highest levels of viral antigen. Thus, we studied t
HIV transmission by transplantation of allograft skin: a review of the literature [letter]: Burns. 1997 Aug;23(5):460. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088359; Van Baare J; Mackie DP; Middelkoop E
Induction of neutralizing antibodies against HTLV-I envelope proteins after combined genetic and protein immunizations in mice.: DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;16(12):1439-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089068; Grange MP; Armand MA; Audoly G; Thollot D; Desgranges C; INSERM U271, Lyon, France.; Direct DNA inoculation can induce both protective humoral and cellular responses against several viruses. The HTLV-I envelope glycoproteins are the major antigens recognized by sera of HTLV-I infected patients that generate neutralizing immune responses in vitro and in vivo. We compared immune responses elicited after
[Many infectious diseases threaten people's health worldwide. The current picture of AIDS]: TVZ. 1997 Sep 6;107(15-16):442-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98106659; van der Kruk T; Tesselaar J; Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam.
[AIDS (news)]: TVZ. 1997 Sep 6;107(15-16):461. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98106663
Applications of site-specific chemical modification in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals: I. An overview.: Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 1997 Dec;26 ( Pt 3):143-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089622; Lundblad RL; Bradshaw RA; Baxter Biotech-Hyland Division, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.; The chemical modification of proteins has long been a useful approach to elucidating structure-function relationships. Recently, these same chemistries have been finding application in the preparation of proteins for both diagnostic and therapeutic use. These applications include alterations to introduce new propertie
Retrieval of DNA sequences present at an extremely low frequency.: Biotechniques. 1997 Dec;23(6):1104-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083381; Zafiropoulos A; Hatzidakis G; Mavrogiannis L; Klinakis A; Kandilogiannaki M; Krambovitis E; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Crete,; Greece.; We describe a method for retrieving sequences with one or two point mutations of a given target sequence, which are present in a DNA population at a frequency of 1 in 466 x 10(3) and 1 in 28 x 10(3) molecules, respectively. By stringent hybridization to a stable, chemically immobilized probe, a large excess of unrelat
Affinity purification of RNA: sequence-specific capture by nonionic morpholino probes.: Biotechniques. 1997 Dec;23(6):1116-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083383; Wages JM Jr; Wages GM; Matthews P; Weller D; Summerton J; AntiVirals, Corvallis, OR, USA.; Nucleic acid isolation for amplification-based diagnostics requires techniques that do not co-purify inhibitors of DNA polymerases. Also, other requirements for an ideal sample preparation technology include ease of use, capability for automation, high recovery and the use of nontoxic reagents. Affinity purification t
Long-term erythropoietin expression in rodents and non-human primates following intramuscular injection of a replication-defective adenoviral vector.: Hum Gene Ther. 1997 Oct 10;8(15):1797-806. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98019061; Svensson EC; Black HB; Dugger DL; Tripathy SK; Goldwasser E; Hao Z; Chu L; Leiden JM; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.; Erythropoietin (Epo)-responsive anemia is a debilitating complication of chronic renal failure and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that effects more than 150,000 Americans. Patients with Epo-responsive anemias are currently treated with repeated injections of recombinant human Epo. In the studies describe
Antitumor responses induced by transgenic expression of CD40 ligand.: Hum Gene Ther. 1997 Nov 1;8(16):1935-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98043307; Grossmann ME; Brown MP; Brenner MK; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cell and Gene Therapy; Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105,; USA.; Because CD40 ligand (CD40L) is a co-stimulator molecule for multiple components of the immune response, we wanted to determine whether transgenic expression of the molecule would increase immune responses against a weakly immunogenic murine tumor, neuro-2a. Tumor cells were transduced with a retroviral construct conta
Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of anemia in HIV infection.: Ann Hematol. 1997 Nov-Dec;75(5-6):179-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094947; Kreuzer KA; Rockstroh JK; Department of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany.; Anemia occurs frequently among patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but its multifactorial origin complicates its differential diagnosis and adequate treatment. In addition, the etiology of anemia in HIV infection often remains unclear. In recent years several attempts have been undertaken to
Apoptosis enhanced by soluble factor produced in feline immunodeficiency virus infection.: J Vet Med Sci. 1997 Nov;59(11):1049-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98073989; Mizuno T; Momoi Y; Endo Y; Nishimura Y; Goto Y; Ohno K; Watari T; Tsujimoto H; Hasegawa A; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.; Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cells have been shown to undergo apoptosis by treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). This study detected a soluble factor which enhanced the apoptosis induced by TNF-alpha treatment. The sensitivity to TNF-alpha in the induction of apoptosis in a feline fib
Diagnosis: malignant syphilis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1343, 1447. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093402; Wappner D; Carbia S; Gioseffi L; Schroh R; Losso MH; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital J. M. Ramos Mejia, Buenos; Aires, Argentina.
Utility of fungal blood cultures for patients with AIDS.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1350-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093404; Mess T; Daar ES; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles,; California 90048, USA.; This study was designed to define the clinical utility of fungal blood cultures for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals. A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients admitted to an inpatient AIDS unit who had evidence of an invasive fungal infection. During a 25-month period, 1,162
Oral hairy leukoplakia: clinicopathologic features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and clinical significance.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1392-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093412; Triantos D; Porter SR; Scully C; Teo CG; Department of Oral Medicine, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health; Care Sciences, University of London, United Kingdom.; Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is a lesion frequently, although not exclusively, observed in patients infected by human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). OHL is clinically characterized by bilateral, often elevated, white patches of the lateral borders and dorsum of the tongue. Histologically, there is profound acanthosis
Reactivation of Chagas' disease in patients with AIDS: report of three new cases and review of the literature.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1397-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093413; Ferreira MS; Nishioka S de A; Silvestre MT; Borges AS; Nunes-Araujo FR; Rocha A; Centro de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia,; Brazil.; Three new cases of reactivation of Chagas disease in patients with AIDS, with central nervous system and/or cardiac involvement, are reported. One patient had histological evidence of acute esophageal and gastric Trypanosoma cruzi myositis, a previously unrecognized finding in patients with reactivated Chagas diseas
Bacteremia due to Campylobacter species: clinical findings and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1414-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093417; Pigrau C; Bartolome R; Almirante B; Planes AM; Gavalda J; Pahissa A; Infectious Diseases Service, Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, Universitat; Autonoma, Barcelona, Spain.; From 1979 to 1996, 58 patients (mean age, 39.4 years) were treated for bacteremia due to Campylobacter species at the Hospitals Vall d Hebron in Barcelona, Spain . Bacteremia was considered to be hospital acquired in 30% of these patients. Almost all the patients (93%) had underlying
Rifampin-monoresistant tuberculosis in New York City, 1993-1994.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1465-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093424; Munsiff SS; Joseph S; Ebrahimzadeh A; Frieden TR; City of New York Department of Health, New York 10007, USA.; All New York City patients whose cultures yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis with isolated resistance to rifampin in 1993 and 1994 were included in this study. Of the 96 patients, 48 (50%) had primary resistance, 32 (33%) had acquired resistance, and 16 17%) had unclassified resistance; 66% had histories of illicit dr
Acetylator status and tolerance of high-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1477-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093432; Smith CL; Brown I; Torraca BM; College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Ferris State; University, Big Rapids, Michigan, USA.
Successful desensitization of two patients who previously developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome while receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1480. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093434; Douglas R; Spelman D; Czarny D; O'Hehir RE; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Hospital,; Prahran, Victoria, Australia.
Acute toxoplasmic meningitis in a patient with AIDS.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1482-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093436; Bach MC; Skarulis GJ; Department of Medicine, Manatee Memorial Hospital, Bradenton, Florida,; USA.
Cutaneous miliary tuberculosis in the AIDS era [letter]: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1484. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093437; Hudson CP; Wood R; O'Keefe EA
Cutaneous miliary tuberculosis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus [letter]: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1484-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093438; Antinori S; Bini T; Galimberti L; Meroni L; Esposito R
Cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium gordonae in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient receiving antimycobacterial treatment [letter]: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1490-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093442; Rusconi S; Gori A; Vago L; Marchetti G; Franzetti F
Central nervous system infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria [letter]: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Dec;25(6):1496-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093447; Cegielski JP; Wallace RJ Jr
[Acceptance of, compliance with and tolerance to antiretroviral treatment in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection]: An Med Interna. 1997 Sep;14(9):445-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98056914; Knobel H; Serrano C; Hernandez P; Pavesi M; Diez A; Servicio de Medicina Interna y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital del; Mar., Barcelona.; BACKGROUND: The objective of the study is to assess the acceptance, compliance and side effects of antiretroviral therapy in relation to age, gender, risk group, HIV infection stage and type of treatment. METHODS: This is a cohort-observational study. Inclusion criteria were: consecutive non-selected IIV patients in w
[Pancreatitis associated with cotrimoxazole in an HIV-positive patient (letter)]: An Med Interna. 1997 Sep;14(9):487-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98056927; Colomina Aviles J; Quintana Tomas L; Arenas Gracia M; Llorca Martinez E
[HIV/AIDS infection in Area 11 of Madrid: a panorama from the primary care viewpoint]: Aten Primaria. 1997 Sep 30;20(5):243-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98030143; Roset Monros P; Rodriguez Fernandez C; Lobon Agundez C; Martin Alvarez R; Hernando Lopez T; Velazquez Garcia A; Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Area XI, Madrid.; OBJECTIVES: To find the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive patients and to study the possible differences between patients attended by primary care teams (PCT) and by the hospital specialist unit (SU). DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING: Six PCTs in Villaverde, Usera and Car
Profiles of pulp infiltrating lymphocytes at various times throughout feather regeneration in Smyth line chickens with vitiligo.: Autoimmunity. 1997;25(4):193-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98003012; Shresta S; Smyth JR Jr; Erf GF; Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton,; Massachusetts 01063, USA.; Smyth line (SL) chickens develop a spontaneous, autoimmune, posthatch loss of pigment cells (vitiligo) in regenerating feather tissue. Smyth line vitiligo (SLV) is associated with lymphocyte infiltrations prior to and throughout the development of the disorder. It was the purpose of this study to determine the type, r
Humoral and cellular immune response to elastin in patients with systemic sclerosis.: Autoimmunity. 1997;25(4):233-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98003016; Daskalova M; Taskov H; Dimitrova E; Baydanoff S; Department of Biology and Immunology, Medical University, Pleven.; The humoral immune response against elastin and collagen was studied in parallel with the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to elastin and the percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood in 20 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). An increase of anti-elastin antibodies of all subclasses wa
Truncated recurrent event survival models for methadone data.: Biometrics. 1997 Dec;53(4):1293-303. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085235; Salter A; Solomon PJ; Department of Statistics, University of Adelaide, Australia.; Truncated multivariate survival models are proposed for the analysis of data from the South Australian Methadone Program. Injecting drug users may have several entries to and exists from the program. A marginal approach for recurrent events is found to provide a useful and simplified basis for modeling the retention o
Hazard regression with interval-censored data.: Biometrics. 1997 Dec;53(4):1485-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085247; Kooperberg C; Clarkson DB; Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195-4322, USA.; In a recent paper, Kooperberg, Stone, and Truong (1995a) introduced hazard regression (HARE), in which linear splines and their tensor products are used to estimate the conditional log-hazard function based on possibly censored, positive response data and one or more covariates. Model selection is carried out in an ad
Correlation between the release of IL-2 and granule-associated DNase activity in human lymphomononuclear cells stimulated with immunomodulating peptides and proteins. Role of different antigen-presenting cells.: Cytokine. 1997 Nov;9(11):809-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98035685; Migliaccio M; Santiago E; Lopez-Moratalla N; Department of Biochemistry, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.; The authors have already described that a series of short peptides, modelled after sequences related to human extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and sharing some common structural features, activate Th1 clones through a process involving peptide presentation in HLA-DR proteins. Those peptides induce also LAK- and NK-
T-cell homeostasis in HIV-1 infection.: Semin Immunol. 1997 Dec;9(6):381-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070938; Margolick JB; Donnenberg AD; Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD, USA.; Failure of T-cell homeostasis is an important feature of HIV-1 infection. Substantial evidence indicates that T-cell homeostasis is independent of CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, and this may contribute to the decline of CD4+ T cells to low levels in this disease. Moreover, failure of T-cell homeostasis appears to precede the
Dynamics of fine T-cell subsets during HIV disease and after thymic ablation by mediastinal irradiation.: Semin Immunol. 1997 Dec;9(6):389-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070939; Roederer M; De Rosa SC; Watanabe N; Herzenberg LA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5125,; USA.; The T-cell compartment is considerably more complex than just CD4 and CD8 T cells. Indeed, we can identify dozens of functionally and phenotypically distinct subsets within the peripheral blood of humans. These subsets are differentially affected in diseases which may underly some of the functional defects attributabl
Thymic function in HIV-1 disease.: Semin Immunol. 1997 Dec;9(6):397-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070940; McCune JM; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of; California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA.; The thymus involutes over time and is generally considered to be non-functional in adults. If this is the case, T-cell depletion in adult HIV-1 disease would in part be due to insufficient intrathymic production. This review summarizes information relevant to the structure and function of the thymus under normal condi
Interleukin-6 induces monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in the U937 cell line.: Blood. 1998 Jan 1;91(1):258-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98077538; Biswas P; Delfanti F; Bernasconi S; Mengozzi M; Cota M; Polentarutti N; Mantovani A; Lazzarin A; Sozzani S; Poli G; AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, DIBIT, and the Division of Infectious; Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Induction of chemokine gene expression from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines plays an important role in both wound repair and response to infectious agents. In the present study, we show that the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) potently induced mRNA expre
Epidemiology of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus HIV)-infected persons: results from the multistate adult and adolescent spectrum of HIV disease surveillance project.: Blood. 1998 Jan 1;91(1):301-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98077543; Sullivan PS; Hanson DL; Chu SY; Jones JL; Ward JW; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; To study the incidence of, the factors associated with, and the effect on survival of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus HIV)-infected persons, we analyzed data from the longitudinal medical record reviews of 32,867 HIV-infected persons who received medical care from January 1990 through August 1996 in clinics, ho
Mechanisms of long-term donor-specific allograft survival induced by pretransplant infusion of lymphocytes.: Blood. 1998 Jan 1;91(1):324-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98077546; Yang L; Du Temple B; Khan Q; Zhang L; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Multi Organ; Transplantation Program, The Toronto Hospital Research Institute,; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.; Pretransplantation donor-specific transfusion (DST) can enhance allograft survival in man and animals. However, due to the lack of a specific marker to identify donor-reactive cells in vivo in man and normal (nontransgenic) animals, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we use 2CF1 transgenic mice e
[A study on disclosure by HIV positives by use of simulation using case vignettes]: Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1997 Oct;44(10):749-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98098821; Arakawa O; Health Administration Center, Shimane University.; AIDS patients/HIV positives have been increasing in Japan , but a large proportion of university students, who have high risk sexual behavior, are not aware of the danger of HIV infection. Because of little disclosure by AIDS patients/HIV positives in Japan, the students have a poor
The effect of exercise on lymphocyte redistribution and leucocyte function in asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects.: Brain Behav Immun. 1997 Sep;11(3):217-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086452; Phillips EJ; Ottaway CA; Freedman J; Kardish M; Li J; Singer W; Fong IW; St. Michael's Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto,; Canada.; This study was undertaken to examine the responsiveness of circulating leucocyte and lymphocyte populations to the physiological demands of exercise in asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with CD4+ counts greater than 500/microliter. Thirteen subjects infected with HIV and 14 control subjects underwent 20 min of define
Advanced HIV infection treated with zidovudine monotherapy: lifetime values of absolute cost-effectiveness as a pharmacoeconomic reference for future studies evaluating antiretroviral combination treatments. The Osservatorio SIFO sui Farmaci.: Ann Pharmacother. 1997 Dec;31(12):1447-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98078335; Messori A; Becagli P; Berto V; Trippoli S; Font M; Tosolini F; Venturini F; Martini N; Drug Information Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Firenze, Italy.; md3439@mclink.it; OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the cost and the effectiveness of zidovudine monotherapy in patients with advanced HIV infection and to derive preliminary data on the cost-effectiveness of the triple treatment with saquinavir plus zalcitabine plus zidovudine compared with zidovudine alone. DESIGN: We
Update: trends in AIDS incidence--US, 1996 [news]: Ann Pharmacother. 1997 Dec;31(12):1569. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98078360
Commercially motivated renal transplantation: results in 540 patients transplanted in India. The Living Non-Related Renal Transplant Study Group.: Clin Transplant. 1997 Dec;11(6):536-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98072979; Commercial renal transplantation is widely condemned on moral and ethical grounds. Moreover, previous studies involving small numbers of patients, mostly from tertiary care centers, have reported poor patient and graft survival. The Living Non-Related Renal Transplant Study Group was established to determine the overa
Gene transfer into haemopoietic cells.: Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1997 Sep;10(3):445-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083347; Stocking C; Baum C; Abt. Zell- und Virusgenetik, Heinrich-Pette-Institut fur; Experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie, Hamburg, Germany.; The therapeutic potential achievable by efficient transfer and expression of genes into haemopoietic stem cells (HSC) is enormous. In addition to inherited disorders such as haemoglobinopathies and lysosomal storage disorders, this technology can be applied to acquired disorders such as myelosuppression induced by ant
Interleukin-12 inhibits production of interleukin-5 but not of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor by antigen-stimulated blood mononuclear cells in allergic bronchial asthmatics.: Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1998 Jan;115(1):83-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090365; Okano Y; Nakamura Y; Sano T; Azuma M; Sone S; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokushima School of; Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan.; Bronchial asthma, characterized by eosinophilic inflammation in airways, may involve Th2-type cytokines such as interleukin-5 IL-5). IL-12, a newly established cytokine, induces IFN-gamma production, which may have a regulatory effect on the production of Th2-type cytokines. We examined the effects of IL-12 on the pro
House dust mite allergen characterisation: implications for T-cell responses and immunotherapy.: Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1998 Jan;115(1):9-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090355; Thomas WR; Smith W; Hales BJ; Division of Molecular Biology, TVW Telethon Institute for Child Health; Research, West Perth, Australia.; T cells are central regulators and mediators of allergic sensitisation and disease. The house dust mite allergens are a biochemically diverse group of proteins which are present in extracts and the environment in a wide range of concentrations. Here the importance of ascertaining the contribution of the different alle
[A missed opportunity (letter)]: Can Fam Physician. 1997 Dec;43:2107, 2109. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088363; Tessier D
The use of multiple antigenic peptide (MAP) in the immunodiagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1997 Nov;43(4):713-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98046541; Shin SY; Lee MK; Kim SY; Jang SY; Hahm KS; Peptide Engineering Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of; Bioscience and Biotechnology, KIST, Taejon, Korea.; In order to develop an ELISA system for the antibody detection of HIV-1 or HIV-2 infections, MAPs for HIV-1 gp41(584-618) and HIV-2 gp36(574-602) corresponding to the immunodominant regions of HIV-1 gp41 and HIV-2 gp36 were used as coating antigens in the ELISA. The MAPs were synthesized by the solid phase method usin
Inhibition of interleukin-6-induced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression by anti-gp130 monoclonal antibody.: Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1997 Nov;43(4):733-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98046543; Okamoto M; Yasukawa K; Katsuura K; Baba M; Division of Human Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima; University, Japan.; Interleukin 6 (IL-6) has been reported to upregulate the expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in infected monocyte/macrophages. Since IL-6 signal is transduced through the membrane glycoprotein gp130, we investigated the inhibitory effect of anti-gp130 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on IL-6-induced vir
Employment protection for persons with AIDS: an idea whose time has come.: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1996 Jan 2;6(1):23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085620; Andreola NM
To test or not to test--keep it a question.: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1997 Apr 7;7(7):20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093279; Scipio-Bannerman J
Rural human immunodeficiency virus care [letter]: Arch Fam Med. 1998 Jan-Feb;7(1):14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103927; Goldschmidt RH; Willard CL; Liljestrand P
Adenovirus-induced liver necrosis in a case of AIDS.: Virchows Arch. 1997 Dec;431(6):469-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090615; Dombrowski F; Eis-Hubinger AM; Ackermann T; Blumel J; Spengler U; Pfeifer U; Pathologisches Institut, Universitat Bonn, Germany.; Adenovirus-induced liver necrosis is rare. Because the era of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) this entity was seen predominantly in infants suffering from inborn immunodeficiency syndromes or from iatrogenic immunosuppression because of bone marrow or liver transplantation. Here, we report a case of a 30-yea
Incidence of tuberculosis in injection drug users in San Francisco: impact of anergy.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jan;157(1):19-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98106051; Daley CL; Hahn JA; Moss AR; Hopewell PC; Schecter GF; San Francisco General Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0841, USA.; Between 1990 and 1994, we conducted a prospective study in five methadone maintenance clinics in San Francisco to determine the rate of tuberculosis (TB) in injection drug users, including those who were anergic. Of the 1,745 persons seen in the clinics, 1,109 completed an evaluation that included skin testing with tu
Possible mechanism for the generation of the HIV-1-resistant form of the CCR5 delta32 mutant chemokine receptor [letter]: Curr Biol. 1997 Sep 1;7(9):R529-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97431702; Faulds D; Horuk R
Enveloped viruses: a common mode of membrane fusion?.: Curr Biol. 1997 Sep 1;7(9):R565-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97431713; Hughson FM; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New; Jersey 08544, USA. fhughson@molbiol.princeton.edu; Viruses use elaborate stratagems to enter cells. The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, which mediates both attachment and membrane fusion, has grudgingly begun to yield high-resolution structural information that suggests mechanistic similarities with the hemagglutinin protein of influenza virus.
The simian retrovirus-1 constitutive transport element, unlike the HIV-1 RRE, uses factors required for cellular mRNA export.: Curr Biol. 1997 Sep 1;7(9):619-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97431683; Saavedra C; Felber B; Izaurralde E; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva, 30 quai; Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.; BACKGROUND: A hallmark of retroviral gene expression is that unspliced retroviral genomic RNA is exported to the cytoplasm, whereas endogenous intron-containing cellular RNAs are usually retained in the nucleus. In complex retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), nuclear export is accomplished by
TYMSTR, a putative chemokine receptor selectively expressed in activated T cells, exhibits HIV-1 coreceptor function.: Curr Biol. 1997 Sep 1;7(9):652-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97431687; Loetscher M; Amara A; Oberlin E; Brass N; Legler D; Loetscher P; D'Apuzzo M; Meese E; Rousset D; Virelizier JL; Baggiolini M; Arenzana-Seisdedos F; Moser B; Theodor-Kocher Institute University of Bern P.O. Box 99, CH-3000 Bern; 9, Switzerland.; BACKGROUND: Chemokines bind to specific receptors and mediate leukocyte migration to sites of inflammation. Recently, some chemokine receptors, notably CXCR4 and CCR5, have been shown to be essential fusion factors on target cells for infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); the chemokines bound by these recep
Axonal sprouting in hippocampus of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV).: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):1-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097252; Mitchell TW; Buckmaster PS; Hoover EA; Whalen LR; Dudek FE; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523, USA.; Neurologic dysfunction and neuropathology are common findings in patients infected with HIV and in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). The pathogenesis of lentivirus-associated alterations in the central nervous system CNS) is multifactorial. Because seizures, alterations in memory, and behavioral
In vitro selection of HIV-1 resistant to an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody that inhibits virus transcription.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):17-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097254; Coudronniere N; David C; Hirn M; Devaux C; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Infections Retrovirales, Institut de; Biologie, Montpellier, France.; Phase I studies using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind to the Ig-CDR3-like loop in domain 1 of CD4 (e.g., 13B8-2 mAb) have already been documented for HIV-1-infected patients. In vitro, such mAbs do not inhibit virus to cell fusion but are able to inhibit virus envelope-mediated syncytia formation. Moreover, the
Neutralizing antibodies against HIV determined by amplification of viral long terminal repeat sequences from cells infected in vitro by nonneutralized virions.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):27-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097255; Yang G; D'Souza MP; Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143, USA.; Based on the earliest intracellular synthesis of nascent HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) fragments, we have established a heminested polymerase chain reaction (HNPCR) amplification of the 5 LTR sequences (LTR-HNPCR) for molecular assay of virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAb). We incubated HIV antibodies with virus i
Repeated emergency department use by HIV-infected persons: effect of clinic accessibility and expertise in HIV care.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):35-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097256; Markson LE; Houchens R; Fanning TR; Turner BJ; Center for Research in Medical Education and Health Care and Division; of General Internal Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19107-5083, USA.; Repeated emergency department (ED) visits by HIV-infected persons may signify poor access to care or treatment from inexperienced ambulatory providers. We examined features of 157 clinics following 6820 HIV-infected patients and associations with repeated (> or =2) ED visits by these patients in the year before their
Heterosexual HIV-1 transmission and viral load in hemophilic patients.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):42-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097257; Ragni MV; Faruki H; Kingsley LA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; and The Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania, 15213-4306, USA.; Only one fifth or fewer of the female sexual partners of HIV-1-infected men with hemophilia become infected. The risk factors associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 are not well understood. To investigate the hypothesis that HIV-1 viral load may be related to heterosexual HIV-1 transmission, we measured HI
Severe hyperglycemia in an HIV clinic: preexisting versus drug-associated diabetes mellitus.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):46-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097258; Kilby JM; Tabereaux PB; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; 35294-2050, USA.; We determined the frequency and clinical nature of severe hyperglycemia in a university clinic for HIV-1-infected patients. The medical records of 1392 adult HIV-infected patients were reviewed for cases of severe hyperglycemia, defined as two or more serum glucose values >250 mg/dl or diabetes treatment during clinic
Association between serum total cholesterol and HIV infection in a high-risk cohort of young men.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):51-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097259; Claxton AJ; Jacobs DR Jr; Iribarren C; Welles SL; Sidney S; Feingold KR; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.; Low serum total cholesterol (TC) is associated with a variety of nonatherosclerotic diseases, but the association of TC with infectious disease has been little studied. In this study, we examined the relationship between serum TC and HIV infection in members of a large health maintenance organization in Northern Calif
Phylogenetic analysis of the nef gene reveals a distinctive monophyletic clade in Korean HIV-1 cases.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):58-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097260; Kang MR; Cho YK; Chun J; Kim YB; Lee I; Lee HJ; Kim SH; Kim YK; Yoon K; Yang JM; Kim JM; Shin YO; Kang C; Lee JS; Choi KW; Kim DG; Fitch WM; Kim S; Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics and Medical College,; Seoul National University, Korea.; To study the genetic variation of the HIV-1 strains prevalent in South Korea , we analyzed the nef sequences derived from 46 HIV-1-positive individuals living in various geographic regions in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis revealed fou
Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the blood of infants, young children, and adults by age and HIV status.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):69-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097261; Brandt CD; Sison AV; Rakusan TA; Saxena ES; Kaufman TE; O'Donnell RM; Sever JL; Center for Virology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Research,; Children's Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA. brandtcd@aol.com; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology was used to detect Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from children and adults whose HIV status (i.e., infected or uninfected) is known. Initial EBV infections especially occurred in children between the ages of 7 and 24 months. EBV-po
Epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in opiate users in Northern Thailand.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):73-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097262; Celentano DD; Jittiwutikorn J; Hodge MJ; Beyrer C; Nelson KE; The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; Characterizing the epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in Northern Thai opiate users is important in developing control strategies in this ethnically diverse and culturally distinct region. A cross-sectional survey of drug users first admitted between 1993 and 1995 at the Northern Drug Dependence Treatment Center, Mae Rim
Association between Cryptosporidium infection and animal exposure in HIV-infected individuals.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):79-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097263; Glaser CA; Safrin S; Reingold A; Newman TB; AIDS Prevention Studies and Pediatric Infectious Disease, University; of California, San Francisco, USA.; Cryptosporidium causes a debilitating illness in immunocompromised individuals, yet the source of sporadic Cryptosporidium infections is unknown. Because early cases of cryptosporidiosis were associated with animals, and pets are a source of companionship to individuals with AIDS, determination of the risk of cryptosp
Economic evaluation of an HIV prevention intervention for gay and bisexual male adolescents.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):83-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097264; Tao G; Remafedi G; Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.; The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an HIV prevention intervention for gay and bisexual male adolescents. The intervention included individualized risk assessment and counseling, peer education, optional HIV testing, and referrals to needed services. From 1989 to 1994, 501 male volunt
HIV Tat protein requirements for transactivation and repression of transcription are separable.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):9-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097253; Brown JA; Howcroft TK; Singer DS; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; The HIV Tat protein, primarily characterized as a transcriptional activator of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR), is also a potent repressor of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I transcription. In the present study, we demonstrate that these two functional activities are distinct and mediated by discret
Effect on serologic reactivity of P-to-W substitution in the apex of the V3 loop of the HIV-1 subtype B glycoprotein [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):91-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097265; Vanden Haesevelde M; DeLeys RJ; Van Geel A; Vanderborght B; de Sa M; Van Eynde G; Saman E
Lack of correlation between vertical transmission of HIV-1 and maternal antibody titers against autologous virus in human monocyte-derived macrophages [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):92-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097266; Mabondzo A; Narwa R; Roques P; Gras GS; Herve F; Parnet-Mathieu F; Lasfargues G; Courpotin C; Dormont D
Epidemiology of plantar verrucae in HIV-infected individuals [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):94-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097267; Kenyon E; Loveland L; Kilpatrick R; Barbosa P
Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, chlamydia, syphilis, and toxoplasma in pregnant Japanese women with HTLV-I [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):95-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097268; Hashido M; Lee FK; Nahmias AJ; Inouye S; Miyata K; Nagata Y; Sonoda S; Kawana T
Study of HTLV-I prevalence in patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Perm and Ekaterinburg, Russia [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Jan 1;17(1):97-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097269; Sankov MN; Bobkova MR; Khanina TA; Bobkov AF; Zverev SY; Terskikh VA
[The discovery of three novel human viruses, human herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8]: Bull Acad Natl Med. 1997 Jun-Jul;181(6):1009-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064365; Agut H; Calvez V; Fillet AM; Huraux JM; Laboratoire de Virologie, CERVI, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris. henri.agut@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr; Three novel human herpesviruses have been discovered in the last years: human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in 1986, human herpesvirus 7 HHV-7) in 1990, human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in 1994. HHV-6 and HHV-7 were identified after their isolation from blood lymphocyte cultures, while HHV-8 was first detected by means of a specif
[Human herpesvirus 8 and associated diseases: Kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity based lymphoma and multicentric Castleman disease: clinical and molecular epidemiology]: Bull Acad Natl Med. 1997 Jun-Jul;181(6):1023-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064366; Gessain A; Departement des Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris.; agessain@pasteur.fr; A new human virus belonging to the herpesvirinae family was recently isolated and characterized. This virus called human herpesvirus 8 is considered as the etiological agent or as a major cofactor of all the clinical forms (HIV associated or not) of Kaposi s sarcoma. HHV8 is also associated with rare B cell lymphomas
[Importance of measurement of plasma viral load for the therapeutic follow-up of children infected with HIV-1. Study of its evolution according to modifications of treatment in 55 children]: Bull Acad Natl Med. 1997 Jun-Jul;181(6):1163-74; discussion 1174-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064376; Lasfargues G; Courpotin C; Nicolas JC; Dollfus C; Service d'hematologie et d'oncologie pediatrique, Hopital; Armand-Trousseau, Paris.; Since 1987 we started to treat all vertically HIV-1 infected newborns by an antiretroviral therapy as soon as the diagnosis was confirmed. From the study of 55 HIV-1 infected children followed at Armand Trousseau Hospital (Paris, France ) we retrospectively evaluated the use of the
[Effectiveness of measures taken in France to reduce the risks of heroin addiction via intravenous route]: Bull Acad Natl Med. 1997 Jun-Jul;181(6):1177-85; discussion 1186-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064377; Henrion R; French policy towards illicit drug use is based on abstinence, and on withdrawal for drug-dependent users. Its basis is the December 31, 1970 law, which is still applicable, and prohibits the use of theses drugs, even in private. It provides for prison sentences for users who do not accept to be treated. Under the pre
[The desire for pregnancy in couples where the woman is HIV seronegative and her spouse is seropositive]: Bull Acad Natl Med. 1997 Jun-Jul;181(6):1243-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064380; Henrion R
[Thematic meeting. "Herpes virus and oncogenesis"]: Bull Acad Natl Med. 1997 Jun-Jul;181(6):975-8; discussion 979-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064362; de The G; Institut Pasteur, Paris.
Anti-HIV genetic treatment of antigen-specific human CD4 lymphocytes for adoptive immunotherapy of opportunistic infections in AIDS.: Gene Ther. 1997 Nov;4(11):1216-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086582; Manca F; Fenoglio D; Franchin E; Saverino D; Li Pira G; Buffa F; Bignardi D; Del Pup L; Palu G; Department of Immunology, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa,; Italy.; HIV-1 infection results in the loss of CD4+ T helper lymphocytes which make up the immune repertoire. This leads to opportunistic infections that define AIDS. Here, we show that CD4 T cell lines from normal donors with specificity for different antigens can be rendered resistant to HIV-1 replication by retroviral tran
Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a Tat transdominant negative mutant in human peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors and HIV-1-infected patients.: Gene Ther. 1997 Nov;4(11):1261-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086588; Rossi C; Balboni PG; Betti M; Marconi PC; Bozzini R; Grossi MP; Barbanti-Brodano G; Caputo A; Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of; Ferrara, Italy.; It was previously shown that a tat mutant (tat22) where cysteine 22 is substituted by glycine behaves as a transdominant negative mutant in Jurkat T cells lytically or latently infected by HIV-1. In this study we demonstrate that tat22 controls HIV-1 replication in primary cells. This effect was observed both after in
Cervical carcinoma cells transfected with the CD80 gene elicit a primary cytotoxic T lymphocyte response specific for HPV 16 E7 antigens.: Cancer Gene Ther. 1997 Nov-Dec;4(6):377-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98072906; Kaufmann AM; Gissmann L; Schreckenberger C; Qiao L; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine,; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA.; Cervical carcinoma is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, and the transforming viral genes E6 and F7 are steadily expressed by the tumor cells. Therefore these viral oncogenes may be regarded as tumor-associated antigens. Our previous studies showed that cervical cancer cells after introductio
Identification of aptamers against the DNA template for in vitro transcription of the HIV-1 TAR element.: Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1997 Aug;7(4):369-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97448864; Boiziau C; Dausse E; Mishra R; Duconge F; Toulme JJ; INSERM U 386, IFR Pathologies Infectieuses, Universite Victor Segalen,; Bordeaux, France.; We have extracted from a random population of about 10(9) oligodeoxynucleotides a series of 21-mers that are able to bind to a folded DNA 76-mer used as a template for in vitro transcription of the TAR element of the retrovirus HIV-1, by the T7 RNA polymerase. Five aptastrucs, that is, aptamers able to bind to the str
Progress toward the structure and therapeutic use of the hairpin ribozyme.: Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1997 Aug;7(4):403-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97448867; Earnshaw DJ; Gait MJ; Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge,; UK.; The hairpin ribozyme is one of a number of small catalytic RNAs that are excellent paradigms for RNA structure-function analysis and have potential also as therapeutic agents. This review outlines current understanding of the structure of the hairpin ribozyme and its basis for catalytic activity. Included also is a di
The design of antisense RNA.: Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1997 Aug;7(4):439-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97448871; Sczakiel G; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.; Antisense nucleic acids comprise short-chain synthetic oligonucleotides, often oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODN) of less than approximately 30 nucleotides and substantially longer sequences formed by ribonucleic acids (RNA). Both groups differ with respect to several properties, including their generation, the mode of d
Studies on the placental transfer of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus and p24 antigen in an ex vivo human placental model.: J Soc Gynecol Investig. 1994 Jan-Mar;1(1):45-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98081015; Bawdon RE; Gravell M; Hamilton R; Sever J; Miller R; Gibbs CJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas; Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9032, USA.; OBJECTIVE: We studied whether the human placenta has the structural integrity to impede transplacental passage of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 or p24 antigen from the maternal to the fetal circulation. METHODS: Nine term human placentas from uncomplicated vaginal or cesarean section deliveries were s
Aetiology of Kaposi's sarcoma: current understanding and implications for therapy.: Mol Med Today. 1997 Nov;3(11):488-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092592; Boshoff C; Weiss RA; Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK,; cboshoff@icr.uk.ac; Kaposi s sarcoma is an angiogenic neoplasm composed of endothelial and spindle cells. The enormous increase in Kaposi s sarcoma with HIV infection, and recent discovery that a new human herpesvirus (Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, also called human herpesvirus 8) is present in this tumor, has activated intens
Liver disease in the immunocompromised patient.: Pathology (Phila). 1994;3(1):185-206. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98082468; Robert ME; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06520-8023, USA.; This chapter reviews the most common diseases of the liver that are associated immunodeficiencies resulting from AIDS, chemotherapy and radiation, and bone marrow and solid organ transplantation. Conditions described include liver disease, infection, venoocclusive disease, graft versus host disease, and others.
Individual differences in peripheral blood immunological and hormonal measures in adult male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): evidence for temporal and situational consistency.: Am J Primatol. 1998;44(1):29-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98106726; Capitanio JP; Mendoza SP; Lerche NW; California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California,; Davis 95616, USA. jpcapitanio@ucdavis.edu; A growing body of research has indicated that consistent individual differences exist in physiological systems with which the immune system interacts. Few data have been reported that demonstrate stable individual differences in immunological measures, however. In the present study, enumerative measures of immune syst
Synthesis of L-ribofuranosyl C-nucleosides.: Carbohydr Res. 1997 Aug 25;303(1):33-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98005665; Liang C; Ma T; Cooperwood JS; Du J; Chu CK; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of; Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.; C-Nucleosides, 4-amino-8-(beta-L-ribofuranosyl)pyrazolo[1, 5-a]-1,3,5-triazine (12) and 4-amino-7-(beta-L-ribofuranosyl)-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine L-9-deazaadenosine, 22), were synthesized from the key intermediate, 3-dimethylamino-2-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-O-trityl-L-ribofuranosy- l) acrylonitrile (8), which was pr
HIV testing among Haitian women: lessons in the recognition of risk.: Health Educ Behav. 1997 Dec;24(6):736-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98073085; Wingerd JL; Page JB; Department of Psychiatry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.; JWingerd@bellsouth.net; Haitian women in Miami, Florida, responded to recruitment for testing of HIV antibody serostatus in ways that demonstrated the value of ethnographic methods for studying reactions to this kind of test, especially pre- and posttest counseling sessions. A total of 155 women between 14 and 61 years old, recruited in Miam
Specific cleavage of hybrid proteins by proteinase encoded by the KEX2 gene.: Biochemistry (Mosc). 1997 Aug;62(8):850-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98024628; Bessmertnaya LYa; Loiko II; Goncharova TI; Ivanov NV; Rumsh LD; Antonov VK; Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian; Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. mila@enzyme.siobc.ras.ru; A method for isolation of the KEX2-gene-encoded membrane-bound proteinase from alpha-cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast has been modified. The isolated enzyme hydrolyzes peptides and proteins with basic amino acid pairs which are cleaved at the C-ends of their peptide bonds. Because KEX2 proteinase is located wit
Cytokines and anaemia in human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Cytokines Cell Mol Ther. 1997 Sep;3(3):179-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088415; Means RT Jr; Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Cincinnati College of; Medicine, OH, USA. rmeansjr@mail.one.net; The anaemia that is a common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection bears many similarities to the anaemia of chronic disease. These similarities include an impaired erythropoietin (EPO) response to anaemia, reduced concentrations of marrow progenitors giving rise to erythroid colonies, abnormali
In vitro generation of human dendritic cells and cell therapy.: Cytokines Cell Mol Ther. 1997 Sep;3(3):187-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088416; Gluckman JC; Canque B; Chapuis F; Rosenzwajg M; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Biologique, hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris, France. jeanclaude.gluckman@psl.ap-hop.paris.fr; Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells: they, only, can prime naive T lymphocytes and even elicit generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to soluble antigens. Thus ex vivo antigen-pulsed DC represent a potentially powerful tool to elicit T-cell mediated responses against viral or tumor-associa
Synthesis and CD studies of an 88-residue peptide containing the main receptor binding site of HTLV-I SU-glycoprotein.: J Pept Sci. 1997 Sep-Oct;3(5):347-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98053397; Goetz M; Geoffre S; Busetta B; Manigand C; Nespoulous C; Londos-Gagliardi D; Guillemain B; Hospital M; Unite de Biophysique Structurale, CNRS, Universite de Bordeaux,; France.; Essential HTLV-1 biological functions, like host-cell receptor recognition, depend on the structural motives on the surface glycoprotein gp46. We defined a peptide of 88 amino acids [Arg147-Leu234] corresponding to the central part of the protein sequence, where major neutralizing epitopes are localized. After evaluat
The design of a specific ligand of HIV gp120.: J Pept Sci. 1997 Sep-Oct;3(5):383-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98053401; Scarselli M; Facchiano A; Russo G; Molinari H; Ragona L; Zetta L; Niccolai N; Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Siena, Italy.; The crystal structure of CD4 suggested that the C/G38 and C/L44 replacements with the consequent cystine bridge formation are compatible with the native structure of that molecular moiety. As the NQGSF sequence, corresponding to the 39-43 fragment of human CD4 protein, was found to be involved in the HIV gp120 interac
Control of herpetic stromal keratitis using CTLA4Ig fusion protein.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1998 Jan;86(1):88-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096413; Gangappa S; Manickan E; Rouse BT; Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University; of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-0845, USA.; Herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) is an immunoinflammatory lesion in the cornea of the eye set off by infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV). The disease appears to be orchestrated by CD4+ T cells of the Th1 phenotype but the identity of target antigens involved in HSK remains unknown. In this proposal, we investiga
Adherence to clinical guidelines for the therapeutic management of HIV disease.: Clin Invest Med. 1997 Dec;20(6):381-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98075556; Heath KV; Hogg RS; Singer J; Schechter MT; O'Shaughnessy MV; Montaner JS; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's; Hospital.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge of HIV-disease management and the adherence to contemporary guidelines among British Columbia physicians whose practices focused on HIV/AIDS. DESIGN: Self-administered mail survey. PARTICIPANTS: All 659 physicians registered in a province-wide HIV/AIDS drug treatment program. OUTC
[A case of polyneuropathy with B-CLL and HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM)]: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1997 Aug;37(8):701-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067939; Akamatsu MM; Mitsui Y; Kihara M; Ohtsuka K; Takahashi M; Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine.; We report a case of polyneuropathy associated with chronic B lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL) and HAM. A 65-year-old man had an initial onset with polyneuropathy, then myelopathy appeared. High HTLV-I antibody and anti-ganglioside antibodies were observed. The biopsy examination of the sural nerve showed mainly demyelinated
The fidelity of misinsertion and mispair extension throughout DNA synthesis exhibited by mutants of the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 resistant to nucleoside analogs.: Eur J Biochem. 1997 Nov 15;250(1):106-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092294; Taube R; Avidan O; Hizi A; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Sackler School of Medicine,; Tel Aviv University, Israel.; The AIDS-causing retroviruses, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and type 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2, respectively) undergo extensive genetic variations, which effect their pathogenesis and resistance to drug therapy. It was postulated that this genetic hypervariability results from high rates of viral replication in conju
Chlamydia pneumoniae respiratory infections among patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;16(10):720-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069014; Comandini UV; Maggi P; Santopadre P; Monno R; Angarano G; Vullo V; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University La Sapienza; of Rome, Italy.; Thirteen cases of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are described. The occurrence, the clinical spectrum, and the significance of the infection during HIV disease are compared with data reported in the literature. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection was estab
Efficacy of different methods for detection of low Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst numbers or antigen concentrations in stool specimens.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;16(10):732-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069016; Ignatius R; Eisenblatter M; Regnath T; Mansmann U; Futh U; Hahn H; Wagner J; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Infektionsimmunologie,; Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freien Universitat Berlin, Germany.; The detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in stool specimens by acid-fast (AF) stains or immunofluorescence assays IFA) requires the presence of large numbers of oocysts. To determine whether new commercially available enzyme immunoassays EIAs) are more sensitive alternatives, three EIAs, a direct IFA, and the m
Low prevalence of active parvovirus B19 infection in HIV-infected patients.: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;16(10):760-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069024; Raguin G; Leruez-Ville M; Gregoire V; Deplanche M; Leport C; Morinet F; Vilde JL; Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital Bichat-Claude; Bernard, Paris, France.; In a prospective study to determine the prevalence of parvovirus B19 in adult patients positive for the human immunodeficiency virus, a series of 55 consecutively presenting patients was tested for antibodies to parvovirus B19 and parvovirus B19 DNA. Specific IgG antibodies were detected in 96% of cases; specific IgM
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus infection in pregnant women in Spain [letter]: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;16(10):771-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069027; Tuset C; Gutierrez M; Carbonell C; Tuset T; Soriano V
Pulmonary coinfection by Salmonella enteritidis and Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [letter]: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;16(10):773-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069028; Salelles P; Roig P; Orti A; Navarro V; Ortiz de la Tabla V; Galant J; Merino J
Pleural disease and acquired immune deficiency syndrome.: Eur Respir J. 1997 Nov;10(11):2638-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086076; Light RW; Hamm H; Pulmonary Disease Program, St Thomas Hospital, Nashville, TN, USA.; Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) do not frequently have pleural complications. However, pneumothorax is a troublesome complication of patients with AIDS. At some medical centres, more than 50% of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax have AIDS. Most patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and A
Female genital mutilation: the potential for increased risk of HIV infection.: Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1997 Nov;59(2):153-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092180; Kun KE; NJ Women and AIDS Network, New Brunswick, USA.
Spinal cord compression by heterotopic ossification associated with pseudohypoparathyroidism.: J Int Med Res. 1997 Nov-Dec;25(6):364-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088609; Yamamoto Y; Noto Y; Saito M; Ichizen H; Kida H; Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa National Hospital, Japan.; This report describes a 37-year-old man presenting with a gait disturbance due to spastic paraparesis. Physical findings showed typical features of Albright s hereditary osteodystrophy, including short stature, obesity, brachydactyly and dental hypoplasia. He was diagnosed as having pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia, oi
High mucosal levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha messenger RNA in AIDS-associated cytomegalovirus-induced esophagitis.: Gastroenterology. 1998 Jan;114(1):77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089822; Wilcox CM; Harris PR; Redman TK; Kawabata S; Hiroi T; Kiyono H; Smith PD; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine,; Birmingham, USA.; BACKGROUND & AIMS: To evaluate the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a key inflammatory cytokine, in cytomegalovirus-associated gastrointestinal disease, we quantitated the level of TNF-alpha messenger RNA (mRNA) in esophageal mucosa from patients with cytomegalovirus-associated esophagitis and acqui
5'-Capping enzymes are targeted to pre-mRNA by binding to the phosphorylated carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II [see comments]: Genes Dev. 1997 Dec 15;11(24):3306-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070332; McCracken S; Fong N; Rosonina E; Yankulov K; Brothers G; Siderovski D; Hessel A; Foster S; Shuman S; Bentley DL; Amgen Institute and Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G; 2C1, Canada.; We have investigated the role of the RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) in mRNA 5 capping. Transcripts made in vivo by Pol II with a truncated CTD had a lower proportion of capped 5 ends than those made by Pol II with a full-length CTD. In addition, the enzymes responsible for cap synthesis, RN
Histone acetyltransferases regulate HIV-1 enhancer activity in vitro.: Genes Dev. 1997 Dec 15;11(24):3327-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070334; Sheridan PL; Mayall TP; Verdin E; Jones KA; The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California; 92037-1099, USA.; Specific inhibitors of histone deacetylase, such as trichostatin A (TSA) and trapoxin (TPX), are potent inducers of HIV-1 transcription in latently infected T-cell lines. Activation of the integrated HIV-1 promoter is accompanied by the loss or rearrangement of a positioned nucleosome (nuc-1) near the viral RNA start
Hepatitis C viral infection in the immunosuppressed patient.: Hepatology. 1998 Jan;27(1):2-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085878; Collier J; Heathcote J; The Toronto Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Comparison of the rate of sequence variation in the hypervariable region of E2/NS1 region of hepatitis C virus in normal and hypogammaglobulinemic patients.: Hepatology. 1998 Jan;27(1):223-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085910; Booth JC; Kumar U; Webster D; Monjardino J; Thomas HC; Academic Department of Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School,; Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, England,; UK.; The hypervariable region (HVR) of the E2/NS1 region of hepatitis C virus (HCV) varies greatly between viral isolates with high rates of genomic change reported during the course of chronic infection. The HVR is thought to encode a structurally unconstrained envelope protein containing several linear B cell epitopes re
HLA-DR-positive dendritic cells of the normal human choroid plexus: a potential reservoir of HIV in the central nervous system.: Hum Pathol. 1998 Jan;29(1):88-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98105884; Hanly A; Petito CK; Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL; 33136, USA.; In a previous study of choroid plexus (CPx) from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), we found a population of stromal cells infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To determine whether these represented antigen-presenting dendritic cells, we examined the phenotype of normal human
Characterization of the murine H2-M3wt-restricted CD8 response against a hydrophobic, protease-resistant, phospholipid-associated antigen from Listeria monocytogenes.: Immunol Rev. 1997 Aug;158:123-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97459309; Kurlander R; Nataraj C; Department of Medicine, Duke Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; 27710, USA. kurla001@mc.duke.edu; Mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes (LM) generate protective CD8 cells of varying specificity. One subset, unlike conventional LM-immune CD8 cells, can respond to antigen-presenting cells (APC) treated with heat-killed LM HKLM). These cells proved to have surprisingly uniform specificity, recognizing a product w
Acquired immunity to an intracellular pathogen: immunologic recognition of L. monocytogenes-infected cells.: Immunol Rev. 1997 Aug;158:137-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97459311; Bouwer HG; Barry RA; Hinrichs DJ; Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.; bouwera@ohsu.edu; Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a pathogenic bacterium, and subclinical infection in mice is utilized as a prototypic model to investigate the development and expression of acquired resistance to facultative intracellular organisms. A key virulence factor of L. monocytogenes is the hemolysin listeriolysin
Interleukin-4 and listeriosis.: Immunol Rev. 1997 Aug;158:95-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97459306; Kaufmann SH; Emoto M; Szalay G; Barsig J; Flesch IE; Department of Immunology, University of Ulm, Germany.; Stefan.Kaufmann@Medizin.Uni-Uhn.De; Experimental infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) has served as an appropriate model for analyzing Th1-cell-driven immune responses. Generally, Th2 responses are absent and IL-4 is not detectable. Here, we describe experimental settings under which IL-4 is detectable in listeriosis. Our dat
Cytokine production in saquinavir treated mice.: Int J Immunopharmacol. 1997 Apr;19(4):243-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98041109; Pacifici R; Di Carlo S; Bacosi A; Pichini S; Zuccaro P; Clinical Biochemistry Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma,; Italy.; The effects of chronic and acute saquinavir treatment on murine cytokine production were investigated in both plasma and splenocyte cultures. Cytokine plasma levels were below the detection limit in both saquinavir treated mice and in control mice with the exception of IFN-gamma, whose levels were detectable in 15 day
Presumed multifocal cryptococcol choroidopathy prior to specific systemic manifestation.: Int Ophthalmol. 1997;21(2):75-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069062; Rostomian K; Dugel PU; Kolahdouz-Isfahani A; Thach AB; Smith RE; Rao NA; Department of Ophthalmology, Doheny Eye Institute, University of; Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.; PURPOSE: Disseminated cryptococcosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS). Early diagnosis and treatment greatly improves the outcome, so clinical clues that lead to prompt diagnosis are important. METHODS: Thre
Reduction of disease causative T-cells in experimental autoimmune disease models by a new antirheumatic drug, TAK-603.: Immunopharmacology. 1997 Oct;37(2-3):167-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067039; Ohta Y; Fukuda S; Makino H; Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Takeda Chemical Industries,; Ltd., Osaka, Japan.; We investigated the mode of action of a new quinoline derivative, TAK-603 (ethyl 4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmeth yl) quinoline-3-carboxylate), in adjuvant arthritis (AA), a model of rheumatoid arthritis. AA rat splenocytes transferred the arthritis to normal syngeneic rats upon inoculat
A dimeric form of soluble recombinant sheep LFA-3(CD58) inhibits human T-cell proliferation by generating regulatory T cells.: Immunopharmacology. 1997 Oct;37(2-3):209-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067044; Yamashita K; Kakutani T; Ohashi T; Saibara T; Kaneka Corporation, Takasago Research Laboratories, Research; Institute, Hyogo, Japan.; We recently observed that the soluble recombinant from of sheep LFA-3, termed sLFA-3 is biologically active as determined by E-rosette inhibition and inhibition of human T-cell proliferation in response to the recall antigen. In the present study, we examined the immunosuppressive properties of a derivative of sLFA-3,
Current issues in the treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV infection.: J Antimicrob Chemother. 1997 Sep;40(3):315-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97478186; Morris-Jones SD; Easterbrook PJ; Department of HIV and Genitourinary Medicine, Chelsea & Westminster; Hospital, London, UK.
The CC chemokine I-309 inhibits CCR8-dependent infection by diverse HIV-1 strains.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 2;273(1):386-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98079073; Horuk R; Hesselgesser J; Zhou Y; Faulds D; Halks-Miller M; Harvey S; Taub D; Samson M; Parmentier M; Rucker J; Doranz BJ; Doms RW; Departments of Immunology, Pharmacology, and Cell Biology, Berlex; Biosciences, Richmond, California 94804, USA. Horuk@crl.com; Using a chemokine receptor model based on known receptor sequences, we identified several members of the seven transmembrane domain G-protein superfamily as potential chemokine receptors. The orphan receptor ChemR1, which has recently been shown to be a receptor for the CC chemokine I-309, scored very high in our mode
Conformational changes in cell surface HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins are triggered by cooperation between cell surface CD4 and co-receptors.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 2;273(1):404-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98079076; Jones PL; Korte T; Blumenthal R; Section of Membrane Structure and Function, Laboratory of Experimental; and Computational Biology, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702,; USA.; We have continuously measured CD4-induced conformational changes of cell surface-expressed human immunodeficiency virus type-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120-gp41 in situ using 4,4 -dianilino-1, 1 -binaphthyl-5,5 -disulfonic acid, a fluorescent probe that binds to hydrophobic groups. CD4-expressing human T cell lines ind
Quantification of cytomegalovirus DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes by a branched-DNA signal amplification assay.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2740-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010207; Chernoff DN; Miner RC; Hoo BS; Shen LP; Kelso RJ; Jekic-McMullen D; Lalezari JP; Chou S; Drew WL; Kolberg JA; Chiron Diagnostics, Emeryville, California 94608-2916, USA.; david_chernoff@cc.chiron.com; Quantification of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) DNA in blood may aid in the identification of patients at highest risk for developing CMV disease, the evaluation of new therapeutics, and the prompt recognition of drug-resistant CMV s
Sequences of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis strains associated with recurrent pneumonia vary at multiple loci.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2745-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010208; Keely SP; Stringer JR; Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology,; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0524, USA.; The sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis strains from 7 of 15 AIDS patients were found to vary during discrete episodes of P. carinii pneumonia. Changes in the ITS sequence correlated with changes in the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA sequence. The coincidence of
Rapid detection of Pneumocystis carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: use of a simple DNA extraction procedure and nested PCR.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2748-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010209; Rabodonirina M; Raffenot D; Cotte L; Boibieux A; Mayencon M; Bayle G; Persat F; Rabatel F; Trepo C; Peyramond D; Piens MA; Departement de Parasitologie et de Mycologie, Universite; Claude-Bernard, Lyon, France. liou@cismsun.univ-lyon1.fr; We report on the development of a rapid nested PCR protocol for the detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens in which the protocol included the use of a commercially available DNA extraction kit (GeneReleaser). GeneReleaser enabled us to obtain amplification-ready DNA within 20 m
Inhibitory effects of polyoxyethylene stearate, PANTA, and neutral pH on growth of Mycobacterium genavense in BACTEC primary cultures.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2791-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010218; Realini L; Van Der Stuyft P; De Ridder K; Hirschel B; Portaels F; Division of Infectious Diseases, Hopital Cantonal, Geneva,; Switzerland. realini@itg.be; We report on the influences of polyoxyethylene stearate (POES), PANTA, and pH on primary cultures of Mycobacterium genavense in BACTEC vials. As a model for primary cultures from tissue, seven different strains first isolated from AIDS patients (five from Switzerland and two f
Quantification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA from dried plasma spots collected on filter paper.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2795-801. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010219; Cassol S; Gill MJ; Pilon R; Cormier M; Voigt RF; Willoughby B; Forbes J; Ottawa General Hospital Research Institute and the University of; Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; To assess dried plasma spots (DPSs) as a source of material for virus quantification, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels were quantified in matched DPS and liquid plasma samples from 73 infected patients, including 5 neonates and 4 adult patients with acute HIV-1 infection. Quantifications were per
Detection of rifampin resistance by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of cerebrospinal fluid of patients with tuberculosis of the central nervous system.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2802-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010220; Scarpellini P; Braglia S; Brambilla AM; Dalessandro M; Cichero P; Gori A; Lazzarin A; Infectious Diseases Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute,; Milan, Italy. scarpep@hsr.it; Mutations in a 69-bp region of the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are associated with rifampin resistance (Rif[r]). These have been detected with mycobacterial DNA extracted from bacterial suspensions or respiratory specimens that were acid-fast smear positive. We experimented with a strategy for the rapid de
Performance of the Amplicor human immunodeficiency virus type 1 PCR and analysis of specimens with false-negative results.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2846-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010228; Barlow KL; Tosswill JH; Parry JV; Clewley JP; Virus Reference Division, Central Public Health Laboratory, London,; United Kingdom.; Over a 4-year period, the Roche Amplicor kit was used in a United Kingdom reference laboratory for the detection or confirmation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection, particularly in infants born to HIV-infected mothers. Of 408 specimens from adults and older children
Comparison of a photometric method with standardized methods of antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2878-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010234; Clancy CJ; Nguyen MH; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida,; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville 32610, USA.; We determined the fluconazole MICs for 101 clinical isolates of Candida and Cryptococcus neoformans using the macro- and microdilution methods recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. We compared the MICs obtained by these methods with those obtained by a photometric assay that quantifi
Seroprevalence of Bartonella henselae infection and correlation with disease status in cats in Switzerland.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2883-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010235; Glaus T; Hofmann-Lehmann R; Greene C; Glaus B; Wolfensberger C; Lutz H; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, University of Zurich,; Switzerland.; The prevalence of infection with Bartonella henselae was investigated in cats from different areas of Switzerland . Serum samples of 728 cats were examined for antibodies to B. henselae by immunofluorescent antibody testing, and the results were analyzed with a view to a possib
Effects of specimen collection, processing, and storage conditions on stability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels in plasma.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2886-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010236; Ginocchio CC; Wang XP; Kaplan MH; Mulligan G; Witt D; Romano JW; Cronin M; Carroll R; Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset,; New York 11030, USA. cginocch@nshs.edu; To define the optimal blood collection parameters for plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral load testing, plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were quantitated with the NASBA HIV-1 RNA QT System from blood specimens that were collected, processed, and stored under a variety of conditions that might have affected
Scytalidium dimidiatum and Lecythophora hoffmannii: unusual causes of fungal infections in a patient with AIDS.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):2949-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010248; Marriott DJ; Wong KH; Aznar E; Harkness JL; Cooper DA; Muir D; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, St.; Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.; Immunocompromised patients are susceptible to infections by fungi that seldom cause disease in humans. We describe a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient who had simultaneous infections with two fungi which are rare causes of serious infection: Lecythophora hoffmannii, causing chronic sinusitis, and Scytalidi
Characterization to species level of Mycobacterium avium complex strains from human immunodeficiency virus-positive and -negative patients.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):3001-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010263; Kyriakopoulos AM; Tassios PT; Matsiota-Bernard P; Marinis E; Tsaousidou S; Legakis NJ; Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Athens,; Greece.; Forty human clinical Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex strains isolated in Greece were characterized to the species level by PCR with three sets of primers specific for one or both species. M. avium predominated in both
Absence of human herpesvirus 8 DNA in benign and malignant endothelial lesions [letter]: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Nov;35(11):3010. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98010267; Viviano E; Romano N; Sorce M; Castelli E; Marasa L
Typing of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis by single-strand conformation polymorphism of four genomic regions.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Dec;35(12):3086-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98060420; Hauser PM; Francioli P; Bille J; Telenti A; Blanc DS; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Philippe.Hauser@chuv.hospvd.ch; To better investigate Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis epidemiology, we have developed a molecular typing method. Because of the limited genetic variability of the P. carinii hominis genome, a multitarget approach was used. Four variable regions of the genome were amplified by PCR, polymorphism in each region was a
Comparison of the Amplicor HIV-1 monitor test and the nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay for quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus RNA in plasma, serum, and plasma subjected to freeze-thaw cycles.: J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Dec;35(12):3288-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98060457; Griffith BP; Rigsby MO; Garner RB; Gordon MM; Chacko TM; National Virology Reference Laboratory, VA Connecticut Health Care; System, West Haven Campus, 06516, USA.; The Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor test was compared to the nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (Nasba) assay system for the quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA in three different types of clinical samples: plasma, serum, and plasma subjected to freeze-and-thaw cycles. Each assay detected HIV RNA in t
HIV-1 protease inhibitors and the MDR1 multidrug transporter [editorial]: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 15;101(2):287-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099765; Lee CG; Gottesman MM
The drug transporter P-glycoprotein limits oral absorption and brain entry of HIV-1 protease inhibitors.: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 15;101(2):289-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099766; Kim RB; Fromm MF; Wandel C; Leake B; Wood AJ; Roden DM; Wilkinson GR; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt; University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602, USA.; Currently available HIV-1 protease inhibitors are potent agents in the therapy of HIV-1 infection. However, limited oral absorption and variable tissue distribution, both of which are largely unexplained, complicate their use. We tested the hypothesis that P-glycopr
Isolation of mycobacterium-reactive CD1-restricted T cells from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 15;101(2):383-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099777; Gong J; Stenger S; Zack JA; Jones BE; Bristol GC; Modlin RL; Morrissey PJ; Barnes PF; Center for Pulmonary and Infectious Disease Control, The University of; Texas Health Center, Tyler, Texas 75710, USA.; Because CD1-restricted T cells lack CD4 but produce IFN-gamma in response to nonpeptide mycobacterial antigens, they could play a unique role in immunity to tuberculosis. We studied CD1-restricted T cells in the context of HIV infection by expanding CD4(-) T cell lines from 10 HIV-infected patients. Upon stimulation w
Plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA load predicts CMV disease and survival in AIDS patients.: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 15;101(2):497-502. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099790; Spector SA; Wong R; Hsia K; Pilcher M; Stempien MJ; University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093,; USA. saspector@ucsd.edu; In this study, baseline plasma from 619 persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (median CD4+ lymphocyte count 21/microl) who participated in a trial to determine the efficacy of oral ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus (
The relative contribution of IL-4 and IL-13 to human IgE synthesis induced by activated CD4+ or CD8+ T cells.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997 Dec;100(6 Pt 1):792-801. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099326; Punnonen J; Yssel H; de Vries JE; Human Immunology Department, DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and; Cellular Biology, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104, USA.; The relative contribution of IL-4 and IL-13 to the regulation of IgE synthesis has remained relatively poorly characterized, partially because of lack of suitable animal models. We have studied the roles of IL-4 and IL-13 in human IgE synthesis induced by supernatants derived from activated CD4+ or CD8+ T cell clones.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997 Dec;100(6 Pt 1):838-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099332; Munoz-Fernandez MA; Navarro J; Garcia A; Punzon C; Fernandez-Cruz E; Fresno M; Division of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Maranon,; Madrid, Spain.; Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-
Simple diagnosis of graft-versus-host disease.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997 Dec;100(6 Pt 2):S70-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101498; Hiraoka A; Kawakami M; Fukuda H; Nakamura H; Karasuno T; Teshima H; Masaoka T; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Japan.; BACKGROUND: Among patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, we previously detected an increase of CD8+S6F1+ and CD8+CD57- cells with the onset of acute graft-versus-host disease. OBJECTIVE: This study was an attempt to develop a simple laboratory test for graft-versus-host disease. METHODS: We analyz
Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor hGM-CSF)-dependent in vitro and in vivo proliferation and differentiation of all hematopoietic progenitor cells in hGM-CSF receptor transgenic mice.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997 Dec;100(6 Pt 2):S79-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101501; Nishijima I; Watanabe S; Nakahata T; Arai K; The Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of; Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan.; To examine the relation between receptor expression and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, we produced transgenic mice that constitutively expressed the human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) receptor at almost all stages of hematopoietic cell development. The high-affinity GM-CSF recept
Engrafted maternal T cells in human severe combined immunodeficiency: evidence for a TH2 phenotype and a potential role of apoptosis on the restriction of T-cell receptor variable beta repertoire.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Jan;101(1 Pt 1):131-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98109569; Plebani A; Stringa M; Priglione I; Facchetti P; Ghiotto F; Airoldi I; Giacchino R; Cristina E; Porta F; Grossi CE; Pistoia V; Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute G. Gaslini, Genova,; Italy.
[Measles and pregnancy. Apropos of 16 cases in Burkina Faso]: J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1997;26(6):606-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064249; Dao B; Koalaga AP; Ki Zerbo G; Bambara M; Bazie AJ; Service de Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Centre Hospitalier National Souro; Sanou, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.; We report an epidemic of 16 cases of measles during pregnancy. The risk factors for such an association and the materno-fetal outcomes are presented. The mean age of the patients was 20.6 years, with a mean gravidity and parity of 2.1 and 1.1 respectively. The mean clinical features were: conjunctivitis, hyperthermia
Detection of serum antibodies against phosphocholine-containing aminoglycoglycerolipid specific to Mycoplasma fermentans in HIV-1 infected individuals.: J Immunol Methods. 1997 Oct 13;208(1):103-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095051; Li JL; Matsuda K; Takagi M; Yamamoto N; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University,; Japan.; Mycoplasma fermentans has been associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The lipids extracted from five strains of M. fermentans and eight other species of mycoplasmas were investigated. By using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and immunostaining on HPTLC-plates with polyclonal and
Single point dilution method for the quantitative analysis of antibodies to the gag24 protein of HIV-1.: J Immunol Methods. 1997 Oct 13;208(1):43-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095044; Palenzuela DO; Benitez J; Rivero J; Serrano R; Ganzo O; Division de Immunotecnologia y Diagnostico, Centro de Ingenieria; Genetica y Biotecnologia, La Habana, Cuba. lab.diagnostico@cigb.edu.cu; In the present work a concept proposed in 1992 by Dopotka and Giesendorf was applied to the quantitative analysis of antibodies to the p24 protein of HIV-1 in infected asymptomatic individuals and AIDS patients. Two approaches were analyzed, a linear model OD = b0 + b1.log(titer) and a nonlinear log(titer) = alpha.OD
Limiting dilution analysis of primary cytotoxic T-cell precursors.: J Immunol Methods. 1997 Oct 13;208(1):85-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095049; Zauderer M; Singer A; Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA.; mzauderer@cc.urmc.rochester.edu; An efficient colorimetric assay has been adapted for limiting dilution analysis of cytotoxic T-cell precursors. Application of this assay in a suitable experimental model of thymic education could be especially useful in identifying factors that shape the CD8 T-cell repertoire. The essential elements of such a model a
Proteolytic cleavage of CD25, the alpha subunit of the human T cell interleukin 2 receptor, by Der p 1, a major mite allergen with cysteine protease activity.: J Exp Med. 1998 Jan 19;187(2):271-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095708; Schulz O; Sewell HF; Shakib F; Division of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and; Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.; Recent reports have indicated that the cysteine protease activity of Der p 1 may play a significant role in its ability to elicit IgE antibody responses, mainly through cleavage of membrane CD23 on B cells and interleukin (IL)-4 synthesis and secretion from mast cells and basophils. Here we demonstrate for the first t
Frequencies of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus genomes and of specific antibodies in German risk and non-risk populations.: J Med Virol. 1997 Nov;53(3):218-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032589; Nubling CM; Bialleck H; Fursch AJ; Scharrer I; Schramm W; Seifried E; Schmidt U; Staszewski S; Lower J; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany. Nuebling@em.uni-frankfurt.de; The prevalence of the new flavivirus GB virus C/hepatitis virus G GBV-C/HGV) in different German populations was investigated by detection of viral genomes and anti-E2 antibodies. While blood donors had an overall prevalence of 10.4% there were increased rates for hemophiliacs (54.7%), hemodialysis patients (30.2%), m
Detection of hepatitis C virus genomic sequences in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients.: J Med Virol. 1997 Nov;53(3):252-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032595; Morsica G; Bernardi MT; Novati R; Uberti Foppa C; Castagna A; Lazzarin A; Infectious Diseases Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute,; Milan, Italy.; To assess the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the central nervous system (CNS), HCV-RNA was sought in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of 21 HIV/HCV-positive patients: HCV-RNA was detected in the serum of 19/21 patients 90.4%), and in the CSF of five of the 19 serum-positive patients. The pres
HIV-1 dynamics after transient antiretroviral therapy: implications for pathogenesis and clinical management.: J Med Virol. 1997 Nov;53(3):261-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032597; Phillips AN; McLean A; Johnson MA; Tyrer M; Emery V; Griffiths P; Bofill M; Janossy G; Loveday C; Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free; Hospital of Medicine, London, UK.; Simple models of CD4 lymphocyte interactions with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lead to the hypothesis that progression of HIV infection involves an increase in viral replicative capacity, due either to changes in the virus or in the host environment, or both. In order to consider how changes in plasma virus load
Detection rate and intratumoral virus load of human herpesvirus-8 in immunodeficiency-related B-cell lymphoid malignancies.: J Med Virol. 1997 Nov;53(3):277-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032600; Feuillard J; Aubin JT; Poirel L; Davi F; Kujas M; Rousselet MC; Angonin R; Raphael M; Agut H; Service d'Hematologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Avicenne,; Bobigny, France.; Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), associated with Kaposi s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and Castleman s disease, has been found in circulating B-cells and might have a causative role in B-cell malignancies associated with immunodeficiency syndromes. We determined the rate of detection and intratumoral virus load of
Serum HBeAg quantitation during antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B.: J Med Virol. 1997 Nov;53(3):282-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032601; Heijtink RA; Kruining J; Honkoop P; Kuhns MC; Hop WC; Osterhaus AD; Schalm SW; Department of Virology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The; Netherlands.; Hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion is considered the principal short-term goal of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B. To test whether the pre- and per-treatment HBeAg quantitation has a higher predictive value than that of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA) quantitation for the outcome of antiviral therapy
Saniculoside N from Sanicula europaea L.: J Nat Prod. 1997 Nov;60(11):1170-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98054594; Arda N; Goren N; Kuru A; Pengsuparp T; Pezzuto JM; Qiu SX; Cordell GA; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Istanbul,; Turkey.; Extracts from the aerial parts of Sanicula europaea L. were investigated for their anti-HIV activity, and the 50% ethanolic extract was shown to exhibit the highest activity. A new triterpene saponin glycoside, 21 beta-(angeloyloxy)-3-O-[beta-D-arabinopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta- D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-beta-D-glucuronopyr
Epidemiology of onychomycosis in special-risk populations.: J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1997 Dec;87(12):546-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086994; Levy LA; California College of Podiatric Medicine, San Francisco 94115-4000,; USA.; A person s susceptibility to onychomycosis and the course of the disease once the nails are infected are functions of the interaction of the fungal agent, the host, and environmental factors. The disease is reported to have an overall prevalence of 2% to 13%, but the prevalence is much higher in certain populations, s
What the licensed practical/vocational nurse should know about pharmacological therapy for AIDS sufferers.: J Pract Nurs. 1997 Dec;47(4):48-57; quiz 58-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98106604; Edwards J Sr; Cook E; Shearer R; Davidhizer R; Bethel College, Mishawaka, IN, USA.; Illnesses can rob persons of their dignity and pride. Nowhere has this been more apparent than with people who suffer from Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Because AIDS is a progressive and debilitating disease whose fatal outcome seems hopeless, it is often hard for the sufferer to maintain a sense of human
Gene transfer to human rheumatoid synovial tissue engrafted in SCID mice [see comments]: J Rheumatol. 1997 Nov;24(11):2076-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98041711; Jorgensen C; Demoly P; Noel D; Mathieu M; Piechaczyc M; Gougat C; Bousquet J; Sany J; Service d'Immuno-Rhumatologie, Hopital Lapeyronie, Unite INSERM U291,; Montpellier, France.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of gene therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine the appropriate vector. METHODS: Human rheumatoid synovial tissue from 6 patients with RA was transduced ex vivo with a recombinant retroviral vector pMFG.nlsLacZ) containing the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase beta-gal
Digital necrosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome vasculopathy treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.: J Rheumatol. 1997 Nov;24(11):2258-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98041743; Roh SS; Gertner E; University of Minnesota Medical School, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical; Center, 55101-2595, USA.; Widespread digital ischemic changes and gangrene of the hands and feet is an uncommon but dramatic presentation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We describe a patient in whom these clinical findings were associated with elevated serum endothelin levels. Because endothelin may affect the f
Raynaud's phenomenon and digital gangrene as a consequence of treatment for Kaposi's sarcoma.: J Rheumatol. 1997 Dec;24(12):2371-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98076126; Hladunewich M; Sawka C; Fam A; Franssen E; Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional; Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.; OBJECTIVE. To analyze the clinical features and to identify factors associated with the development of Raynaud s phenomenon RP) in patients receiving chemotherapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related Kaposi s sarcoma. METHODS. A retrospective cohort study of all patients with Kaposi s sarcoma treated with ch
Coexisting SLE and HIV infection [letter]: J Rheumatol. 1997 Dec;24(12):2490. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98076152; Hirohata S
Prevalence and characteristics of rheumatic manifestations in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus undergoing antiretroviral therapy [letter]: J Rheumatol. 1997 Dec;24(12):2492. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98076155; Berman A; Cahn P; Perez H; Spindler A; Lucero E; Paz S; Espinoza LR
Interactions between HIV Rev and nuclear import and export factors: the Rev nuclear localisation signal mediates specific binding to human importin-beta.: J Mol Biol. 1997 Dec 19;274(5):693-707. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070609; Henderson BR; Percipalle P; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH,; England.; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev protein binds to unspliced HIV-1 pre-mRNA and exports it from the nucleus. Rev itself can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. This bi-directional transport is mediated by two specific Rev sequences: a nuclear localisation signal (NLS), which overlaps the RNA
Resistance to nevirapine of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutants: loss of stabilizing interactions and thermodynamic or steric barriers are induced by different single amino acid substitutions.: J Mol Biol. 1997 Dec 19;274(5):738-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070612; Maga G; Amacker M; Ruel N; Hubscher U; Spadari S; Institute of Biochemical and Evolutionary Genetics I.G.B.E.-C.N.R.,; Pavia, I-27100, Italy.; The kinetic parameters governing the inhibition by Nevirapine of the RNA-dependent DNA synthesis catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase have been determined by steady-state kinetic analysis with the wild-type enzyme and with mutant reverse transcriptases containing the single amino acid substitutions L100I, K103N, V
Lymphocytosis-producing factor [letter]: J Natl Med Assoc. 1997 Nov;89(11):711. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98043042; Jordan WC
Evolution of case management of patients with HIV infection in France, 1995-1996. Groupe d'Epidemiologie Clinique du SIDA en Aquitaine (GECSA) [letter]: JAMA. 1998 Jan 28;279(4):276. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98111170; Spira R; Leroy V; Lacoste D; Salamon R; Dabis F
CCR5 chemokine receptor variant in HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and disease progression in children. French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group [see comments]: JAMA. 1998 Jan 28;279(4):277-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98111171; Misrahi M; Teglas JP; N'Go N; Burgard M; Mayaux MJ; Rouzioux C; Delfraissy JF; Blanche S; Laboratory of Hormonology and Molecular Biology, the Institut National; de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Unite 292, Paris, France.; CONTEXT: Studies suggest that adults with the CCR5delta32 deletion are less likely to become infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to develop HIV-related disease progression, but the effect of the mutation in children is not known. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the CCR5 chemokine receptor mutant
Effect of the statistical significance of results on the time to completion and publication of randomized efficacy trials [see comments]: JAMA. 1998 Jan 28;279(4):281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98111172; Ioannidis JP; HIV Research Branch, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy; and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md; 20892, USA. ji24m@nih.gov; CONTEXT: Medical evidence may be biased over time if completion and publication of randomized efficacy trials are delayed when results are not statistically significant. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the time to completion and the time to publication of randomized phase 2 and phase 3 trials are affected by the statis
Chemokine receptors and genetic variability: another leap in HIV research [editorial; comment]: JAMA. 1998 Jan 28;279(4):317-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98111179; O'Brien TR; Goedert JJ
[Support system for diagnosing hematologic malignancies]: Rinsho Byori. 1997 Nov;45(11):1031-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98058364; Sugahara K; Tsuruda K; Yamada Y; Kamihira S; Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Nagasaki University Hospital.; We established a Southern blot hybridization using a DIG-labeled probe to detect monoclonal integration of HTLV-1 proviral genome. DIG was labeled by the PCR method and this probe was as sensitive as the 32P-labeled probe and able to detect only 1.6% of ATL cells. The clinical diagnoses of 44 patients with monoclonal
[Molecular pathomechanism of HTLV-I infectious diseases]: Rinsho Byori. 1997 Nov;45(11):1048-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98058366; Kitajima I; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kagoshima University of School of; Medicine.; Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I(HTLV-I) is a type C retrovirus, closely associated with adult T-cell leukemia. In the past few years, studies have revealed an association between the virus and disorders of organ systems including myelopathy, polymyositis, alveolitis, and Sjogren s syndrome. In addition, we have
[Serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors as markers for disease progression of human immunodeficiency virus infection]: Rinsho Byori. 1997 Nov;45(11):1085-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98058372; Hattori M; Tateyama M; Oishi T; Miyasaka S; Fukutake K; Department of Clinical Pathology, Tokyo Medical College.; We studied whether the serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor(sTNFR) type I or II correlate with clinical progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) infection. Serum levels of sTNFR type I and II were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in sixty five patients with HIV-1 infe
Distribution of bovine immunodeficiency virus in the organs of experimentally infected cows.: Jpn J Vet Res. 1997 Nov;45(3):163-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094417; Tajima M; Sato N; Kirisawa R; Onuma M; Maede Y; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of; Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; motoshi@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp; The distribution of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in the organs of experimentally infected cows was investigated by use of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two cows (Nos. 1 and 2) experimentally infected with BIV were alive without any clinical symptoms of BIV infection for 28 months. Viral and proviral g
Paraproteinemia, plasmacytoma, myeloma and HIV infection.: Leukemia. 1997 Dec;11(12):2150-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107523; Fiorino AS; Atac B; Medical Scientist Training Program, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.; We have identified by MEDLINE search the cases of gammaglobinopathy and plasma cell malignancy in HIV-positive patients reported in the English language literature. The average age at presentation among HIV-positive patients with plasma cell disorders is 33 years, far younger than the average age of presentation in th
First case of plasma-cell leukaemia co-existing with human immunodeficiency virus infection [letter]: Leukemia. 1998 Jan;12(1):103-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097429; Heuberger L; Costello RT; Petit N; Fripiat F; Gastaut JA
Reconstitution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in the long-term disease-free survivors of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia.: Leukemia. 1998 Jan;12(1):52-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98097420; Ohnishi K; Yamanishi H; Naito K; Utsumi M; Yokomaku S; Hirabayashi N; Ohno R; Department of Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine,; Japan.; The number of long-term survivors of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) has increased as a result of the progress of chemotherapy. We examined the recovery of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) subset after chemotherapy to clarify the reconstitution of the immune system in AML. Thirty patients with AML in
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and pulmonary hypertension: two new cases and a review of 86 reported cases.: Mayo Clin Proc. 1998 Jan;73(1):37-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103913; Mesa RA; Edell ES; Dunn WF; Edwards WD; Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota; 55905, USA.; In this article, we describe pulmonary hypertension in two men 31 and 43 years of age) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who were examined at Mayo Clinic Rochester. Among 88 reported cases (including the two current ones) of HIV- or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated pulmonary hyperte
A year of transformation in HIV/AIDS.: Lancet. 1995 Dec 23-30;346 Suppl:s12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119210; Montaner JS; Schechter MT; Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancover, BC,; Canada.
Respiratory medicine. Huffing and puffing.: Lancet. 1995 Dec 23-30;346 Suppl:s21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119219; Warren P; Khalil N; Respiratory Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Cost-effectiveness of improved treatment services for sexually transmitted diseases in preventing HIV-1 infection in Mwanza Region, Tanzania.: Lancet. 1997 Dec 20-27;350(9094):1805-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089852; Gilson L; Mkanje R; Grosskurth H; Mosha F; Picard J; Gavyole A; Todd J; Mayaud P; Swai R; Fransen L; Mabey D; Mills A; Hayes R; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.; BACKGROUND: A community-randomised trial was undertaken to assess the impact, cost, and cost-effectiveness of averting HIV-1 infection through improved management of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by primary-health-care workers in Mwanza Region, Tanzania . METHODS: The impac
Indinavir in cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-1-infected patients [letter]: Lancet. 1997 Dec 20-27;350(9094):1823. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089862; St~ahle L; Martin C; Svensson JO; Sonnerborg A
Another HIV-1 trial loses placebo control [news]: Lancet. 1997 Dec 20-27;350(9094):1831. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089865; Kigotho AW
HIV/AIDS: protease inhibitors vindicated.: Lancet. 1997;350 Suppl 3:SIII10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089923; Volberding PA; UCSF AIDS program, San Francisco General Hospital, CA 94110, USA.
Public health: leadership is a global issue.: Lancet. 1997;350 Suppl 3:SIII23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089936; Mann JM; Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard; School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sexually transmitted diseases: treating the whole syndrome.: Lancet. 1997;350 Suppl 3:SIII25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089938; Laga M; Dallabetta G; STD/HIV Research and Intervention Unit, Institute of Tropical; Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
HIV-1-resistance phenotype conferred by combination of two separate inherited mutations of CCR5 gene [see comments]: Lancet. 1998 Jan 3;351(9095):14-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095008; Quillent C; Oberlin E; Braun J; Rousset D; Gonzalez-Canali G; Metais P; Montagnier L; Virelizier JL; Arenzana-Seisdedos F; Beretta A; Centre Integre de Recherches Biocliniques sur le SIDA, Hopital St; Joseph, Paris, France.; BACKGROUND: Despite multiple exposures to HIV-1, some individuals remain uninfected, and their peripheral-blood mononuclear cells PBMC) are resistant to in-vitro infection by primary HIV-1 isolates. Such resistance has been associated with a homozygous 32-base-pair deletion (delta 32) in the C-C chemokine receptor gen
Chemokine-receptor polymorphisms: clarity or confusion for HIV-1 prognosis? [comment]: Lancet. 1998 Jan 3;351(9095):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095001; Garred P; Department of Clinical Immunity, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Model for sexual health found in India's West Bengal [news]: Lancet. 1998 Jan 3;351(9095):46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119183; Kumar S
Antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa [letter]: Lancet. 1998 Jan 3;351(9095):68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095034; Muller O; Corrah T; Katabira E; Plummer F; Mabey D
Intestinal parasites in AIDS and +HIV patients in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1996 Nov-Dec;91(6):685-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97429294; Costa-Cruz JM; Ferreira MS; Rossin IR; Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade; Federal de Uberlandia, MG, Brasil.
HIV-1 isolation from plasma specimens. HEC/FIOCRUZ AIDS Clinical Research Group.: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1996 Nov-Dec;91(6):745-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97429307; Costa CI; Morgado MG; Santos VG; Bongertz V; Departamento de Imunologia, Hospital Evandro Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo; Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
The Rio de Janeiro HIV vaccine site-II. Recruitment strategies and socio-demographic data of a HIV negative homosexual and bisexual male cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1997 Jan-Feb;92(1):39-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97447986; Sutmoller F; de Souza CT; Monteiro JC; Penna T; Hospital Evandro Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro,; Brasil.; The initial effort of the Brazilian Ministry of Health to be an active partner in the world effort in the preparation of future accurate human immune deficiency virus (HIV) efficacy trials was the establishment of a multi-centered cohort of homosexual and bisexual men. An open cohort was established to determine the H
[Detection and characteristics of sequences of human chromosome 19, having partial similarity with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat/rev regulatory genes]: Mol Biol (Mosk). 1997 Sep-Oct;31(5):814-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98012316; Khaidarova NV; Alekseevskaia OD; Tarantul VZ
[Theoretical study of peptide spatial structure--fragments of the base antigenic determinant of HIV-1 gp120 protein. I. Peptides rp142 and rp342]: Mol Biol (Mosk). 1997 Sep-Oct;31(5):861-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98012322; Andrianov AM
[Theoretical study of peptide spatial structure--fragments of the base antigenic determinant of HIV-1 gp120 protein. II. Hexapeptide Gly-Pro- Gly-Arg-Ala-Phe]: Mol Biol (Mosk). 1997 Sep-Oct;31(5):872-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98012323; Andrianov AM
[Effect of an antisense RNA gene, directed against the RU5-region of the bovine leukemia virus genome, on the infectious process in transgenic rabbits]: Mol Biol (Mosk). 1997 Sep-Oct;31(5):909-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98012328; Baurin VV; Novikov BV; Malogolovkin SA; Gevandian VS; Zakharchenko VI; Prokof'ev MI; Ernst LK; Tikhonenko TI
Confusion of nelfinavir and nevirapine [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1998 Feb 5;338(6):396-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98112327; Max B; Mourikes N
Usefulness of a microimmunodiffusion test for the detection of Penicillium marneffei antigenemia, antibodies, and exoantigens.: Mycopathologia. 1997;138(2):51-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095649; Imwidthaya P; Sekhon AS; Mastro TD; Garg AK; Ambrosie E; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital,; Mahidol University, Bangkok.; Eight sera from culturally-proven cases of penicilliosis marneffei and their corresponding isolates were examined for circulating antibody(ies) and antigen, and exoantigens, respectively, using a microimmunodiffusion (MID) test. Two of the 8 sera produced strong precipitins (1-2) when reacted against control Penicilli
Go-ahead given for trials of HIV vaccine in human volunteers [news]: Nature. 1998 Jan 15;391(6664):220. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101628
A new classification for HIV-1 [letter]: Nature. 1998 Jan 15;391(6664):240. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101636; Berger EA; Doms RW; Fenyo EM; Korber BT; Littman DR; Moore JP; Sattentau QJ; Schuitemaker H; Sodroski J; Weiss RA
[Oral cavity diseases in HIV and AIDS infections. Clinical, preventive and therapeutic aspects]: Minerva Med. 1997 Nov;88(11):441-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094980; Spadari F; Bruno E; Salvato A; Cattedra di Ortognatodonzia, Istituto Scientifico Ospedale San; Raffaele, Universita degli Studi, Milano.; Few people with HIV infection fail to experience oral opportunistic lesions during the course of their disease. These are several oral mucosa and salivary gland manifestations that were not seen before the AIDS epidemic, while others are more severe in this population. Oral lesions reflect HIV status and the stage of
Polymerase chain reaction-based assays of vitreous samples for the diagnosis of viral retinitis. Use in diagnostic dilemmas.: Ophthalmology. 1998 Jan;105(1):37-44; discussion 44-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98104988; Knox CM; Chandler D; Short GA; Margolis TP; Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco; 94122-0944, USA.; OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review the authors results using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays for the diagnosis of viral retinitis. DESIGN: The study design was a retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-seven patients (38 eyes) with active retinitis from whom vitreous biopsy specimens were rece
New drug interactions with zidovudine.: Pharmacotherapy. 1997 Nov-Dec;17(6):1198-209. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98060523; Robertson-Dallas S; Read SE; Bendayan R; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Polypharmacy is commonly encountered in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, and the risk and frequency of drug-drug interactions are significant in this patient population. Most HIV-positive patients receive the antiretroviral drug zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine, ZDV), the first drug to be ap
Inhibition of mRNA export in vertebrate cells by nuclear export signal conjugates.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 23;94(26):14394-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070762; Pasquinelli AE; Powers MA; Lund E; Forbes D; Dahlberg JE; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, 1300 University Avenue,; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.; Leucine-rich nuclear export signals (NESs) are recognized by the NES receptor exportin 1 and are central to the export of multiple shuttling proteins and RNAs. The export of messenger RNA in vertebrates was, however, thought to occur by a different pathway, because inhibition by injection of a synthetic Rev NES conjug
Identification of functional domains on human interleukin 10.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 23;94(26):14620-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070801; Gesser B; Leffers H; Jinquan T; Vestergaard C; Kirstein N; Sindet-Pedersen S; Jensen SL; Thestrup-Pedersen K; Larsen CG; Department of Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, University of; Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.; Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a recently described natural endogenous immunosuppressive cytokine that has been identified in human, murine, and other organisms. Human IL-10 (hIL-10) has high homology with murine IL-10 (mIL-10) as well as with an Epstein-Barr virus genome product BCRFI. This viral IL-10 vIL-10) shares a nu
Mice transgenic for human CD4 and CCR5 are susceptible to HIV infection.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 23;94(26):14637-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070804; Browning J; Horner JW; Pettoello-Mantovani M; Raker C; Yurasov S; DePinho RA; Goldstein H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.; HIV entry into human cells is mediated by CD4 acting in concert with one of several members of the chemokine receptor superfamily. The resistance to HIV infection observed in individuals with defective CCR5 alleles indicated that this particular chemokine receptor plays a crucial role in the initiation of in vivo HIV
CD4-independent, CCR5-dependent infection of brain capillary endothelial cells by a neurovirulent simian immunodeficiency virus strain.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 23;94(26):14742-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070822; Edinger AL; Mankowski JL; Doranz BJ; Margulies BJ; Lee B; Rucker J; Sharron M; Hoffman TL; Berson JF; Zink MC; Hirsch VM; Clements JE; Doms RW; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.; Brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) are targets of CD4-independent infection by HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains in vitro and in vivo. Infection of BCECs may provide a portal of entry for the virus into the central nervous system and could disrupt blood-brain barrier function, contributing t
Complementary medicine and HIV infection.: Prim Care. 1997 Dec;24(4):905-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98047418; Elion RA; Cohen C; George Washington Medical University, Washington, DC 20009, USA.; The social role of alternative medicine is critical in empowering the large proportion of HIV-positive patients who choose to use nontraditionally prescribed medicines. Working toward an open scientific dialogue with HIV-related complementary therapies is a worthy goal for all providers.
Successful treatment of progressive outer retinal necrosis using high-dose intravitreal ganciclovir.: Retina. 1997;17(6):560-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089494; Meffert SA; Kertes PJ; Lim PL; Conway MD; Peyman GA; LSU Eye Center, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of; Medicine, New Orleans 70112-2234, USA.
Bayes estimates for immunological progression rates in HIV disease.: Stat Med. 1997 Nov 30;16(22):2555-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067742; McNeil AJ; Department Mathematik, ETH Zentrum, Zurich, Switzerland.; We develop Bayesian methods for calculating shrinkage estimates of immunological progression rates (for example, CD4 count decline rates) in populations of HIV-infected patients. These methods make the assumption that decline of immunological markers may be modelled as approximately linear on some suitable chosen scal
An examination of methods for sample size recalculation during an experiment.: Stat Med. 1997 Nov 30;16(22):2587-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067744; Betensky RA; Tierney C; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,; Massachusetts 02115, USA.; In designing experiments, investigators frequently can specify an important effect that they wish to detect with high power, without the ability to provide an equally certain assessment of the variance of the response. If the experiment is designed based on a guess of the variance, an under-powered study may result. T
Prevention of infectious disease transmission in sports.: Sports Med. 1997 Jul;24(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97401650; Mast EE; Goodman RA; Hepatitis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,; Georgia 30333, USA.; A variety of infectious diseases can be transmitted during competitive sports. Modes of transmission in athletic settings include person-to-person contact, common-source exposures and airborne/droplet spread. This paper reviews the most commonly reported infectious diseases among athletes and discusses the potential f
[Caring for a terminal patient. Account by a professional]: Rev Enferm. 1997 Jan;20(221):35-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97250227; Del Rio Urenda S; Rodriguez Ponce C; Garcia Barrios S; Calvo Charro E; Enfermera del Area de Criticos, Hospital Regional de Malaga.
Complement-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.: Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(5):447-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096720; Nielsen SD; Sorensen AM; Schonning K; Lund O; Nielsen JO; Hansen JE; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.; We investigated if complement-mediated enhancement of HIV infection occurs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In 7 experiments, we evaluated the effect of human complement on HIVIIIB infection in vitro. We measured HIV antigen production on day 4 and found that pre-incubation of HIV with complement led to e
Increased prevalence of HIV-2 infection in hospitalized patients with severe bacterial diseases in Guinea-Bissau.: Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(5):453-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096721; Norrgren H; Cardoso AN; da Silva ZJ; Andersson S; Dias F; Biberfeld G; Naucler A; National Public Health Laboratory, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, Sweden.; We studied the association between HIV-2 infection and bacterial pneumonia, sepsis or pyomyositis, as well as the influence of HIV-2 infection on the clinical outcome in patients with these bacterial infections. A total of 201 consecutive hospitalized patients were included at the Simao Mendes National Hospital in Bis
HIV-testing study of immigrants with pulmonary tuberculosis.: Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(5):461-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096722; Bonington A; Harden S; Anderson S; Wall R; Davidson RN; Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Imperial College School; of Medicine, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.; The increasing prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), particularly in Africa and Asia, led us to investigate the prevalence of HIV infection in immigrants with pulmonary TB at the time of arrival in the UK. We performed anonymous HIV testing of stored sera from 39/65 immigrants referre
Cotrimoxazole is effective as primary prophylaxis for toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected patients: a case control study.: Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(5):499-502. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096730; Weigel HM; de Vries E; Regez RM; Henrichs JH; Ten Velden JJ; Frissen PH; van der Meer JT; Department of Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.; In a case-control study, prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole for toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in HIV-infected patients was evaluated. Cotrimoxazole had been given as PCP prophylaxis. 20 patients with TE were identified and 72 matching control cases were found. All patients had IgG-antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and CD4+
Disseminated infection with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in a child with advanced HIV disease.: Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(5):526-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096739; Rosenfeldt V; Paerregaard A; Valerius NH; University Clinic of Paediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.; An 8-month-old boy with vertically acquired HIV-infection who developed a disseminated BCG infection is described. The patient had been immunized at birth with BCG. In spite of a normal CD-4 lymphocyte count, he suffered from fever, anaemia and failure to thrive. BCG was isolated by culture from CSF, bone marrow and p
Has French AIDS research stumbled? [news]: Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):312-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98113944; Balter M
The twin icons of French AIDS research [news]: Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):313. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98113945; Balter M
Chemokine mutation slows progression [news; comment]: Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):327. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98113951; Balter M
Structure of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein bound to the SL3 psi-RNA recognition element.: Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):384-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092522; De Guzman RN; Wu ZR; Stalling CC; Pappalardo L; Borer PN; Summers MF; Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Chemistry and; Biochemistry, University of Maryland-Baltimore County (UMBC), 1000; Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.; The three-dimensional structure of the human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid protein (NC) bound to the SL3 stem-loop recognition element of the genomic Psi RNA packaging signal has been determined by heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Tight binding (dissociation constant, approximately 1
Genetic restriction of AIDS pathogenesis by an SDF-1 chemokine gene variant. ALIVE Study, Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS), Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS), San Francisco City Cohort (SFCC) [see comments]: Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):389-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092523; Winkler C; Modi W; Smith MW; Nelson GW; Wu X; Carrington M; Dean M; Honjo T; Tashiro K; Yabe D; Buchbinder S; Vittinghoff E; Goedert JJ; O'Brien TR; Jacobson LP; Detels R; Donfield S; Willoughby A; Gomperts E; Vlahov D; Phair J; O'Brien SJ; Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), National Cancer; Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.; Stromal-derived factor (SDF-1) is the principal ligand for CXCR4, a coreceptor with CD4 for T lymphocyte cell line-tropic human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1). A common polymorphism, SDF1-3 A, was identified in an evolutionarily conserved segment of the 3 untranslated region of the SDF-1 structural gene transc
[Clinical evaluation: from intermediate to surrogate criteria]: Therapie. 1997 Jul-Aug;52(4):281-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100532; Boissel JP; Perret L; Bouvenot G; Castaigne A; Gerard-Coue MJ; Maillere P; Mismetti P; Vray M; Hopital Neuro-Cardiologique, Universite Claude Bernard, Service de; Pharmacologie Clinique, Lyon, France.; The development and evaluation of new drugs often rely on surrogacy. An intermediate outcome becomes a surrogate outcome if it fulfils certain criteria, it should be easier to measure compared with the clinical outcome, a statistical relationship should exist between the clinical outcome and the surrogate outcome, a r
[How to measure the kinetics of biological effect of a drug]: Therapie. 1997 Jul-Aug;52(4):291-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100534; Lechat P; Canet E; Pharmacologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier, Pitie Salpetriere, Paris,; France.; Therapeutic benefit that can be induced by a pharmaceutical compound partly relies upon the profile of its biological action. Evaluation of the drug-induced effect profile in a given pathological condition begins with the determination of the relevant biological effect related to the therapeutic benefit, which is not
Primary adrenal insufficiency in two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with disseminated cytomegaloviral infection.: Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1997 Nov 14;109(21):845-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98073346; Geusau A; Stingl G; Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna, Medical School,; Austria.; We present two patients with manifest acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) suffering from a generalized cytomegalovirus CMV ) infection. Over the course of several weeks they had developed a state of increasing lethargy a
Bloodborne infections.: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl. 1997;111:247-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98082602; Csete ME; University of California, Irvine College of Medicine, Orange 92668,; USA.
An association of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I infection with vascular dementia.: Acta Neurol Scand. 1997 Nov;96(5):305-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067504; Kira J; Hamada T; Kawano Y; Okayama M; Yamasaki K; Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.; Subjects ranging in age from 50 to 89 years old, either with or without dementia were studied by both ELISA for anti-human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) gag 100-130 antibody and by cranial CT in order to clarify the relationship between HTLV-I infection and dementia. Th
Radiologic features of a fatal platyhelminth (tapeworm) infection in an AIDS patient.: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998 Jan;170(1):136-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085676; Stark P; Relman DA; Santamaria-Fries M; Fajardo LF; Department of Radiology (114), Stanford University School of Medicine,; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, CA 94304, USA.
Localization of HIV-1 co-receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 in the brain of children with AIDS.: Am J Pathol. 1998 Jan;152(1):167-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98082997; Vallat AV; De Girolami U; He J; Mhashilkar A; Marasco W; Shi B; Gray F; Bell J; Keohane C; Smith TW; Gabuzda D; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston,; Massachusetts 02115, USA.; The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are co-receptors together with CD4 for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 entry into target cells. Macrophage-tropic HIV-1 viruses use CCR5 as a co-receptor, whereas T-cell-line tropic viruses use CXCR4. HIV-1 infects the brain and causes a progressive encephalopathy in 20 to 3
Activated CD4+ and CD8+ cytotoxic cells are present in increased numbers in the intestinal mucosa from patients with active inflammatory bowel disease.: Am J Pathol. 1998 Jan;152(1):261-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083006; Muller S; Lory J; Corazza N; Griffiths GM; Z'graggen K; Mazzucchelli L; Kappeler A; Mueller C; Department of Pathology, University of Bern, Switzerland.; The contribution of cell-mediated cytotoxicity to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is controversial, and results of in vitro assays vary according to experimental procedures. Therefore, we compared the frequency of cytotoxic effector cells in situ. On tissue sections of controls n = 11), low freque
Good news for everyone? [editorial; comment]: Am J Public Health. 1997 Dec;87(12):1917-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093302; Stanton B
Primary HIV infection--a public health opportunity.: Am J Public Health. 1997 Dec;87(12):1928-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093306; Cates W Jr; Chesney MA; Cohen MS; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; Primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection should be considered a key target for HIV prevention activities. Mathematical models suggest that the primary HIV infection interval makes a disproportionate contribution to the HIV epidemic, perhaps accounting for as many as half of the existing infections at any p
AIDS education in Tanzania: promoting risk reduction among primary school children [see comments]: Am J Public Health. 1997 Dec;87(12):1931-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093307; Klepp KI; Ndeki SS; Leshabari MT; Hannan PJ; Lyimo BA; Institute for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Oslo, Blindern, Norway.; OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of an education program in Tanzania designed to reduce children s risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to improve their tolerance of and care for people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS
Cryptosporidiosis-associated mortality following a massive waterborne outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.: Am J Public Health. 1997 Dec;87(12):2032-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093326; Hoxie NJ; Davis JP; Vergeront JM; Nashold RD; Blair KA; Bureau of Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.; OBJECTIVES: This study estimated the magnitude of cryptosporidiosis-associated mortality in the Milwaukee vicinity for 2 years following a massive waterborne outbreak. METHODS: Death certificates were reviewed. RESULTS: During approximately 2 years before the outbreak, cryptosporidiosis was listed as an underlying or
Microscopic diagnosis of blood parasites following a cytoconcentration technique.: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Dec;57(6):637-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090383; Petithory JC; Ardoin F; Ash LR; Vandemeulebroucke E; Galeazzi G; Dufour M; Paugam A; Qualite en Parasitologie et Biologie, Centre Hospitalier, Gonesse,; France.; An isotonic fixative (formalin and thimerosal) solution, with a saponin additive to lyse erythrocytes and platelets, has been developed. The formalin and thimerosal ensure good preservation of blood parasites. This fixative has led to the development of a new concentration technique using cytocentrifugation (cytospin)
Epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus infection in Central Americans treated in Harris County, Texas Hospital District facilities.: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Dec;57(6):678-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090391; Serrano MT; Smith NH; Shandera WX; Baylor College of Medicine, Ben Taub General Hospital, Houston, Texas; 77030, USA.; The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among Central Americans is increasing. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of HIV infection among local Central American immigrants in the United States . Medical records of HIV-infected Central Americ
Analysis of adult otitis media: polymerase chain reaction versus culture for bacteria and viruses.: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1998 Jan;107(1):10-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102492; Liederman EM; Post JC; Aul JJ; Sirko DA; White GJ; Buchman CA; Ehrlich GD; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 15261, USA.; Recent studies using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have identified bacterial and viral genomic sequences in culture-negative pediatric middle ear effusions. To evaluate this technique in adults, 19 effusions were analyzed to compare bacterial and viral culture and PCR detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemo
Informal caregivers and the intention to hasten AIDS-related death.: Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jan 12;158(1):69-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100027; Cooke M; Gourlay L; Collette L; Boccellari A; Chesney MA; Folkman S; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent to which homosexual men dying of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) receive medication intended to hasten death. To assess the impact on caregivers of administering medications intended to hasten death. METHODS: In a prospective study of caregiving partners of men with AI
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1-positive T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in a child. Report of a case and review of the literature.: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1997 Dec;121(12):1282-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093348; Lin BT; Musset M; Szekely AM; Alexandre J; Fraitag S; Bodemer C; Charpentier A; Frenoy N; Misset JL; Medeiros LJ; Rappaport H; Division of Anatomic Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center,; Duarte, Calif. 91010, USA.; Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma is a monoclonal T-cell neoplasm associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) that occurs almost exclusively in adults. This report concerns a Romanian girl who had recurrent skin eruptions since infancy, subcutaneous tumors in childhood, and peripheral blood lymphocytosis,
Epstein-Barr virus-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma in a child with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A case report and review of the literature.: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1997 Dec;121(12):1287-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093349; Rodriguez MM; Delgado PI; Petito CK; Department of Pathology, University of Miami (Fla), Jackson Memorial; Medical Center 33136, USA.; A 34-month-old black boy who had contracted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from his mother presented with fever, vomiting, and cough. He was cachectic, hypertonic, and developmentally delayed. A brain computed tomography scan revealed masses in the left frontal horn, subependymal, and periventricular regions; seco
Effect of splenectomy on slowing human immunodeficiency virus disease progression.: Arch Surg. 1998 Jan;133(1):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099592; Tsoukas CM; Bernard NF; Abrahamowicz M; Strawczynski H; Growe G; Card RT; Gold P; Immunodeficiency Treatment Centre, Department of Medicine, Montreal; General Hospital, Quebec, Canada.; BACKGROUND: Lymphoreticular tissue is the most important site for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in HIV-infected individuals. OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term effect of splenectomy on survival and time to development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in subjects who had undergone splenectomy wit
Residual splenic function after laparoscopic splenectomy: a clinical concern.: Arch Surg. 1998 Jan;133(1):56-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099598; Targarona EM; Espert JJ; Balague C; Sugranes G; Ayuso C; Lomena F; Bosch F; Trias M; Service of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Clinic, University; of Barcelona, Spain.; OBJECTIVE: To document the existence of residual splenic function after laparoscopic splenectomy in a series of 48 patients. DESIGN: A noncomparative descriptive case series. SETTING: A tertiary care center. PATIENTS: A series of 9 patients without clinical improvement after laparoscopic splenectomy of 48 consecutive
Flow cytometric analysis of T-lymphocytes subsets in adult Thais.: Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1997 Sep;15(3):141-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099383; Vithayasai V; Sirisanthana T; Sakonwasun C; Suvanpiyasiri C; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai; University, Thailand.; Flow cytometer (FACScan) was used to determine the range of T lymphocyte subpopulations in normal Thai blood donors at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai. Reference population consisted of 150 healthy HIV seronegative blood donors. T lymphocyte subsets were analysed using two-color immunophenotyping of per
Structure of an anti-HIV-1 hammerhead ribozyme complex with a 17-mer DNA substrate analog of HIV-1 gag RNA and a mechanism for the cleavage reaction: 750 MHz NMR and computer experiments.: J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1997 Oct;15(2):185-215. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98061517; Ojha RP; Dhingra MM; Sarma MH; Myer YP; Setlik RF; Shibata M; Kazim AL; Ornstein RL; Rein R; Turner CJ; Sarma RH; Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, NY 12222, USA.; The structure of an anti-HIV-1 ribozyme-DNA abortive substrate complex was investigated by 750 MHz NMR and computer modeling experiments. The ribozyme was a chimeric molecule with 30 residues-18 DNA nucleotides, and 12 RNA residues in the conserved core. The DNA substrate analog had 17 residues. The chimeric ribozyme
Variability analysis of HIV-1 gp120 V3 region: I. Point estimators for the amino acid distribution characteristics.: J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1997 Oct;15(2):217-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98061518; Shchelkanov MYu; Yudin AN; Antonov AV; Starikov NS; Vedenov AA; Karamov EV; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Faculty of Physicochemical; Biology, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Dolgoprudny, Moscow; region, Russia.; Enumerating procedure for symbol sequences is proposed. Relationship between Hamming distance for symbol sequences and Euclidean distance for corresponding enumerations is established, and more universal Hamming-transformed Euclidean measure is constructed. A distribution function of amino acid substitutions and some
Variability analysis of HIV-1 gp120 V3 region: II. Hierarchy of taxons.: J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1997 Oct;15(2):231-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98061519; Shchelkanov MYu; Yudin AN; Antonov AV; Soinov LA; Zalunin VV; Vedenov AA; Karamov EV; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Faculty of Physicochemical; Biology, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Dolgoprudny, Moscow; region, Russia.; In the previous work (M. Yu. Shchelkanov, A. N. Yudin, A. V. Antonov, N. S. Starikov, A. A. Vedenov, E. V. Karamov, J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 15, 217-229 (1997)) we have introduced the amino acid distribution function within HIV-1 taxons and Hamming-transformed Euclidean measures between their characteristics: consensus
HIV partner notification: taking a new look [editorial]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1535-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032461; Fenton KA; Peterman TA
Secondary colony formation after long-term bone marrow culture using peripheral blood and bone marrow of HIV-infected patients.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1547-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032462; Sloand EM; Young NS; Sato T; Kumar P; Kim S; Weichold FF; Maciejewski JP; Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if defective bone marrow function in HIV infection is associated with decreased numbers of progenitor cells or defective stromal cell function. DESIGN: Defective bone marrow function may in part be responsible for the cytopenias so frequently seen in patients with AIDS. Although a number of inv
Infection of Macaca nemestrina neonates with HIV-1 via different routes of inoculation.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1555-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032463; Bosch ML; Schmidt A; Agy MB; Kimball LE; Morton WR; Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195,; USA.; OBJECTIVES: Receptive anal intercourse but not orogenital sex has been identified as a major risk factor for transmission of HIV-1. Recent studies using simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in rhesus macaques have demonstrated relatively efficient infection following oral administration, indicating that modes of transm
Lymphoproliferative immune function in the Sydney Blood Bank Cohort, infected with natural nef/long terminal repeat mutants, and in other long-term survivors of transfusion-acquired HIV-1 infection.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1565-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032464; Dyer WB; Geczy AF; Kent SJ; McIntyre LB; Blasdall SA; Learmont JC; Sullivan JS; New South Wales Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Sydney,; Australia.; OBJECTIVES: To assess T-helper cell immune function proliferation) in members of the Sydney Blood Bank Cohort (SBBC) compared with other individuals with transfusion- and sexually acquired HIV-1 infection and with matched HIV-negative controls. DESIGN AND METHODS: Decreasing CD4 counts and T-helper cell function are a
HIV-1 detection in cervicovaginal secretions during pregnancy.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1575-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032465; Loussert-Ajaka I; Mandelbrot L; Delmas MC; Bastian H; Benifla JL; Farfara I; de Vincenzi I; Matheron S; Simon F; Brun-Vezinet F; Laboratory of Virology, Hopital Robert-Debre, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the reproducibility of and factors associated with HIV detection in cervicovaginal secretions (CVS). DESIGN: Longitudinal study of 43 HIV-1-infected pregnant women in Paris. METHODS: HIV DNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by Amplicor and gag nested polymerase chain react
Pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis at AIDS diagnosis in Spain: epidemiological differences and implications for control.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1583-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032466; Castilla J; Gutierrez A; Guerra L; Perez de la Paz J; Noguer I; Ruiz C; Belza MJ; Canon J; National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Public; Health, Madrid, Spain.; OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the differential factors associated with pulmonary versus extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) at AIDS diagnosis in Spain . DESIGN: Analysis of AIDS surveillance data. METHODS: Data about AIDS patients, aged 12 years and over, diagnosed in 1995 were taken from the
Mucosal abnormalities in microsporidiosis.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1589-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032467; Schmidt W; Schneider T; Heise W; Schulzke JD; Weinke T; Ignatius R; Owen RL; Zeitz M; Riecken EO; Ullrich R; Department of Medicine, Universitatsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Free; University of Berlin, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of microsporidiosis in HIV-infected patients with and without diarrhoea and to characterize alterations in mucosal architecture and brush border enzyme activities in patients with microsporidiosis. PATIENTS: A total of 259 HIV-inf
In vitro transendothelial migration of blood T lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1595-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032468; Saukkonen JJ; Furfaro S; Mahoney KM; Strieter RM; Burdick M; Wright EA; Kornfeld H; Berman JS; Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts,; USA.; OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that differential extravasation of circulating CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes contributes to HIV-associated CD8+ lymphocytic alveolitis. Differences in T-cell transendothelial migration may be intrinsic or emerge at sites where vascular endothelium is activated by overexpression of tumor necrosi
Potential efficacy of fumagillin in intestinal microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi in patients with HIV infection: results of a drug screening study. The French Microsporidiosis Study Group.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1603-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032469; Molina JM; Goguel J; Sarfati C; Chastang C; Desportes-Livage I; Michiels JF; Maslo C; Katlama C; Cotte L; Leport C; Raffi F; Derouin F; Modai J; Hopitaux de Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: Intestinal microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a frequent cause of chronic diarrhoea in patients with HIV infection for which there is no available therapy. This study was designed to search for a drug with activity against this organism. DESI
Has the rate of progression to AIDS changed in recent years?: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1611-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032470; Carre N; Prins M; Meyer L; Brettle RP; Robertson JR; McArdle H; Goldberg DJ; Zangerle R; Coutinho RA; van den Hoek A; SEROCO Study Group, INSERM U-292, Hopital de Bicetre, Le; Kremlin-Bicetre, France.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the rate of progression to AIDS has changed over time by testing an effect of the year of seroconversion on AIDS onset (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1987 revised classification), next to an effect of the calendar period of follow-up. DESIGN: French multicentre prospecti
Risk factors for Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-positive subjects in Uganda.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1619-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032471; Ziegler JL; Newton R; Katongole-Mbidde E; Mbulataiye S; De Cock K; Wabinga H; Mugerwa J; Katabira E; Jaffe H; Parkin DM; Reeves G; Weiss R; Beral V; International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health; Organization, Lyon, France.; BACKGROUND: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is associated epidemiologically with HIV infection and with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8 or KSHV). Both KS and HIV infection are common in Uganda . We conducted a case-control study of 458 HIV-seropositive. Ugandan adults with KS and 568 HIV-seroposit
Breastfeeding by HIV-1-infected women and outcome in their infants: a cohort study from Durban, South Africa.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1627-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032472; Bobat R; Moodley D; Coutsoudis A; Coovadia H; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Natal, South Africa.; BACKGROUND: Women in developing countries have the difficult choice of balancing the risk of transmitting HIV through breast milk against the substantial benefits of breastfeeding. It is not known, however, whether the benefits of breastfeeding are the same when the mother is HIV-infected. Therefore, we examined the i
Years of potential life lost due to HIV infection in the United States.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1635-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032473; Selik RM; Chu SY; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, United States Department of Health and Human Services,; Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To compare premature mortality due to HIV infection with that from other causes of death in the United States , so as to provide a basis for allocating public health resources among causes of death that would be more useful than either total or age-specific mortality data. ME
Changes in AIDS incidence for men who have sex with men, United States 1990-1995.: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1641-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032474; Sullivan PS; Chu SY; Fleming PL; Ward JW; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; OBJECTIVES: To describe changes in AIDS incidence for men who have sex with men (MSM) from 1990 to 1995, by demographic and geographic groups. METHODS: We examined national AIDS surveillance data reported up to 30 September 1996, for men who received AIDS diagnoses in the years 1990-1995 and whose only reported risk b
Investigating temporal changes in the rate of HIV progression: challenges and limitations [editorial]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1647-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032475; Cozzi Lepri A; Sabin CA; Phillips AN
HIV-1 neurocognitive disorders and chemokine receptors [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1651-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032476; Barroga CF; Ellis R; Nelson J; Heaton RK; Atkinson JH; McCutchan JA; Grant I; Spector SA
Increased hyperglycaemia during cotreatment with pentamidine and corticosteroids in AIDS patients [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1652-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032477; Gambini D; Brambilla AM; Galli C; Castagna A; Veglia F; Lazzarin A
Complete remission of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma associated with undetectable human herpesvirus-8 sequences during anti-HIV protease therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1653-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032478; Blum L; Pellet C; Agbalika F; Blanchard G; Morel P; Calvo F; Lebbe C
Rapid decay of HIV RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid during antiretroviral combination therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1655-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032479; Stellbrink HJ; Eggers C; van Lunzen J; Albrecht H; Greten H
Portal vein thrombosis in patients receiving indinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1657-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032480; Carr A; Brown D; Cooper DA
Remission of AIDS-associated intestinal microsporidiosis with highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1658-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032481; Goguel J; Katlama C; Sarfati C; Maslo C; Leport C; Molina JM
Acute cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patients with CD4 counts above 100 x 10(6) cells/l following combination antiretroviral therapy including protease inhibitors [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1659-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032482; Gilquin J; Piketty C; Thomas V; Gonzales-Canali G; Belec L; Kazatchkine MD
Acceptability and feasibility of a clinical trial to assess the efficacy of a microbicide-containing vaginal gel to prevent HIV infection among female sex workers in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1660-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032483; Ettiegne-Traore V; Ghys PD; Van Damme L; N'Krumah M; Maiga A; Tiemele A; Mah-bi G; Coulibaly IM; Laga M; Greenberg AE
AIDS survival in patients contaminated by heterosexual contacts: French Guiana, 1992-1995 [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1662-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032484; Sobesky M; Dabis F; Letenneur L; Pradinaud R; Le Beux P
HIV-1 transmission across the vaginal epithelium [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov;11(13):1663-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98032485; Fantini J; Yahi N; Tourres C; Delezay O; Tamalet C
Virological treatment failure of protease inhibitor therapy in an unselected cohort of HIV-infected patients.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):F113-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048030; Fatkenheuer G; Theisen A; Rockstroh J; Grabow T; Wicke C; Becker K; Wieland U; Pfister H; Reiser M; Hegener P; Franzen C; Schwenk A; Salzberger B; Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of virological treatment failure with protease inhibitor therapy in unselected patients and to assess underlying risk factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study in two German tertiary care treatment centres. PATIENTS: A total of 198 HIV-infected patients treated with
Potential factors affecting adherence with HIV therapy [editorial]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1665-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048031; Mehta S; Moore RD; Graham NM
HIV-induced apoptosis of activated primary CD4+ T lymphocytes is not mediated by Fas-Fas ligand.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1671-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048032; Noraz N; Gozlan J; Corbeil J; Brunner T; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla; 92093-0672, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of the Fas-Fas ligand (FasL) interaction in HIV-1-induced apoptosis of primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. DESIGN: Activated CD4+ T lymphocytes are the main target of HIV, and T-cell activation leads to the expression of Fas-FasL and enhances HIV-mediated apoptosis. Phytohemagglutinin-activa
Viral determinants of HIV-1 sufficient to extend tropism to macrophages are distinct from the determinants that control the cytopathic phenotype in HL-60 cells.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1681-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048033; DiFronzo NL; Pise-Masison CA; Fernandez-Larsson R; Holland CA; Center for Virology, Immunology, and Infectious Disease Research,; Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.; DESIGN: Infection of the human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 with NL4-3, a molecularly cloned HIV-1 strain that productively infects T cells, results in adaptation of the virus and production of a variant, NL4-3(M). Unlike NL4-3, NL4-3(M) has a rapid cytopathic effect in HL-60 and other myeloid cell lines. OBJECTIVE:
Oxidative stress and thiol depletion in plasma and peripheral blood lymphocytes from HIV-infected patients: toxicological and pathological implications.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1689-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048034; Walmsley SL; Winn LM; Harrison ML; Uetrecht JP; Wells PG; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; OBJECTIVES: To determine, first, whether the plasma and lymphocytes of HIV-positive individuals and AIDS patients have alterations in the major thiols glutathione and cysteine, and/or their oxidative disulphide and mixed disulphide products; and, secondly, whether thiol/disulphide status differs in patients with sulph
Direct ex vivo flow cytometric analysis of human microglial cell CD4 expression: examination of central nervous system biopsy specimens from HIV-seropositive patients and patients with other neurological disease.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1699-708. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048035; Dick AD; Pell M; Brew BJ; Foulcher E; Sedgwick JD; Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Royal Prince; Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; OBJECTIVE: To define a clear ex vivo flow cytometric phenotype for adult human microglia that would distinguish it from all other macrophage lineage cells in the central nervous system CNS) or blood, and to utilize this phenotype to examine the activation state and CD4 expression of microglia freshly derived from CNS
Correlation between HIV sequence evolution, specific immune response and clinical outcome in vertically infected infants.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1709-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048036; Halapi E; Leitner T; Jansson M; Scarlatti G; Orlandi P; Plebani A; Romiti L; Albert J; Wigzell H; Rossi P; Microbiology and Tumorbiology Centre, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sequence evolution in relation to different rates of disease progression in infants infected with HIV-1. DESIGN: Variability in the gp120 V3 region was analysed in HIV-1-infected children with different clinical courses, slow progression (n = 2) versus progressive disease (n = 3). METHODS: Cloni
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and CMV antigenemia as a clue to impaired adrenocortical function in patients with AIDS.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1719-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048037; Hoshino Y; Nagata Y; Gatanaga H; Hosono O; Morimoto C; Tachikawa N; Nomura K; Wakabayashi T; Oka S; Nakamura T; Iwamoto A; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Tokyo, Japan.; OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the relationship between the activity of CMV disease and adrenocortical function in patients with AIDS. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: CMV retinitis and CMV antigenemia assay CMV-Ag: numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes positive for CMV pp65 ant
Intravenous methotrexate for primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1725-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048038; Jacomet C; Girard PM; Lebrette MG; Farese VL; Monfort L; Rozenbaum W; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital Rothschild,; Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate high-dose intravenous methotrexate in primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: An uncontrolled pilot trial. SETTING: An infectious diseases department in Paris, France . PATIENTS: All consecutive AIDS patients with primar
Changing incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses in the era of antiretroviral combination therapy.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1731-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048039; Brodt HR; Kamps BS; Gute P; Knupp B; Staszewski S; Helm EB; Department of Internal Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University,; Frankfurt, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections and malignancies over a 5-year period from 1992 to 1996. STUDY POPULATION: Subcohort of 1003 homosexual men with HIV infection and CD4 count less than 200 x 10(6) cells/l from the Frankfurt AIDS Cohort Study. METHODS: Data including the ea
Geography of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma in Europe.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1739-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048040; Ebrahim SH; Peterman TA; Zaidi AA; Hamers FF; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta 30333, USA.; BACKGROUND: Classical Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is about four times more common in southern Europeans than in northern Europeans. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of AIDS-associated KS AIDS-KS) in Europe and to determine whether it occurs with increased frequency in southern Europe. METHODS: Analysis of the Europea
Pre-AIDS mortality from natural causes associated with HIV disease progression: evidence from the European Seroconverter Study among injecting drug users.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1747-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048041; Prins M; Hernandez Aguado IH; Brettle RP; Robertson JR; Broers B; Carre N; Goldberg DJ; Zangerle R; Coutinho RA; van den Hoek A; Municipal Health Service, Division of Public Health and Environment,; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: To study differences in pre-AIDS mortality between European cohorts of injecting drug users (IDU) and to evaluate whether pre-AIDS mortality increased with time since HIV seroconversion and decreasing CD4 count. METHODS: The study population consisted of 664 IDU with documented intervals of HIV seroconvers
Change in sexual behaviour and decline in HIV infection among young pregnant women in urban Uganda.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1757-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048042; Asiimwe-Okiror G; Opio AA; Musinguzi J; Madraa E; Tembo G; Carael M; Sexually Transmitted Disease/AIDS Control Programme, Ministry of; Health, Entebbe, Uganda.; OBJECTIVE: To describe sexual behaviour that may partly explain a decline in HIV seroprevalence in pregnant women in urban settings in Uganda , East Africa. SETTINGS: Two major urban districts in Uganda. METHODS: Repeated population-based behavioural surveys in 1989 and 1995, and re
Risk factors for HIV-1 transmission from HIV-seropositive male blood donors to their regular female partners in northern Thailand.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1765-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048043; Nagachinta T; Duerr A; Suriyanon V; Nantachit N; Rugpao S; Wanapirak C; Srisomboon J; Kamtorn N; Tovanabutra S; Mundee Y; Yutrabutr Y; Kaewvichit R; Rungruengthanakit K; de Boer M; Tansuhaj A; Flowers L; Khamboonruang C; Celentano DD; Nelson KE; Contraceptive Research and Development Program, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To describe risks for HIV transmission from male blood donors to their regular female sex partners in Chiang Mai, Thailand . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: From March 1992 through September 1995, 405 HIV-seropositive male blood donors index cases) and their reg
Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure does not appear to exacerbate HIV infection in homosexual men. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1773-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048044; Saah AJ; Horn TD; Hoover DR; Chen C; Whitmore SE; Flynn C; Wesch J; Detels R; Anderson R; Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205,; USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of sun exposure on HIV progression. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey nested within a longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1155 white HIV-seronegative and 496 white HIV-seropositive homosexual men, of whom 142 seroconverted duri
HIV testing strategies at a community clinic in Uganda [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1779-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048045; French N; Mpiirwe B; Namara AH; Kyalo G
The HIV-1 protease mutant N88Q: no evidence for decreased dimer stability [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1780-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048046; Boetzel J; Humm A; Schramm HJ
HIV-1 diversity in Morocco [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1781-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048047; Elharti E; Elaouad R; Amzazi S; Himmich H; Elhachimi Z; Apetrei C; Gluckman JC; Simon F; Benjouad A
False-negative HIV viral load in AIDS patients [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1783-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048048; Simons P; Muyldermans G; Lacor P; Zissis G; Lauwers S
Complete regression of giant molluscum contagiosum lesions in an HIV-infected patient following combined antiretroviral therapy with saquinavir, zidovudine and lamivudine [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1784-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048049; Hurni MA; Bohlen L; Furrer H; Braathen LR
Cytomegalovirus disease in HIV-1-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1785-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048050; Mallolas J; Arrizabalaga J; Lonca M; Gatell JM; Adan A; Martinez-Chamorro E; Tortajada C; Rodriguez-Arrondo F; Blanco A; Guelar A; Soriano E
Foscarnet and AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1787-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048051; Cordero E; Lopez-Cortes LF; Viciana P; Alarcon A; Pachon J
Gender differentials in patterns of hospitalization for persons with HIV/AIDS [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1788-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048052; Heath K; Hogg RS; Raboud J; Montaner JS; O'Shaughnessy M; Schechter MT
Interaction between HIV and hepatitis B [letter]: AIDS. 1997 Nov 15;11(14):1789-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98048053; Bonacini M
Antibody to human MHC class I inhibits SIVsmmPBj1.9-induced proliferation of pigtailed macaque lymphocytes.: Exp Clin Immunogenet. 1997;14(2):141-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98057661; Baskar PV; Nagel JE; Narayan O; McClure HM; Adler WH; Hildreth JE; Gerontology Research Center, NIA, NIH, Baltimore, Md., USA.; baskarp@vax.grc.nia.nih.gov; Previously we have shown that the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj1.9, a molecular clone of SIVsmmPBj14, induces proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We have extended this observation to show that SIVsmmPBj1.9 induces proliferation of PBMC from pigtailed macaques. This proliferative
Neurochemical alterations in asymptomatic abstinent cocaine users: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.: Biol Psychiatry. 1997 Dec 15;42(12):1105-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088317; Chang L; Mehringer CM; Ernst T; Melchor R; Myers H; Forney D; Satz P; Department of Neurology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance,; California 90509, USA.; Cocaine can cause a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurobehavioral complications; however, it is uncertain whether cocaine causes persistent cerebral structural and neurochemical abnormalities in asymptomatic users. We studied 52 African-American men (26 human immunodeficiency virus-negative asymptomatic heavy cocain
Acquired drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from compliant patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated tuberculosis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1044-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063946; March F; Garriga X; Rodriguez P; Moreno C; Garrigo M; Coll P; Prats G; Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and the; Departament de Genetica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autonoma de; Barcelona, Spain.; We describe five compliant patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis (TB) that relapsed, with acquisition of resistance by the original Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Both the first and second isolates from each patient had the same IS (insertion sequence) 6110-based DNA fingerprint
Nontyphoidal salmonella intracranial infections in HIV-infected patients.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1118-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063960; Aliaga L; Mediavilla JD; Lopez de la Osa A; Lopez-Gomez M; de Cueto M; Miranda C; Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves,; Granada, Spain.; Salmonella focal intracranial infections are unusual in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Six such infections have been reported in the world literature. We report a case of salmonella subdural and epidural cerebral empyema with concomitant osteomyelitis of the frontal bone. Such a complication in
Increased risk of maternal-infant hepatitis C virus transmission for women coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Italian Study Group for HCV Infection in Children.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1121-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063961; Tovo PA; Palomba E; Ferraris G; Principi N; Ruga E; Dallacasa P; Maccabruni A; Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Italy.; To estimate the risk of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and identify correlates of transmission, 245 perinatally exposed singleton children followed prospectively beyond 18 months of age were studied. Overall, 28 (11.4%) of the 245 children acquired HCV infection. Transmission occurred in 3 of
Effect of treatment with zidovudine on subsequent incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1125-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063962; Joffe MM; Hoover DR; Jacobson LP; Kingsley L; Chmiel JS; Visscher BR; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of; Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6021, USA.; Despite much investigation of zidovudine, little has been reported regarding its effect on the development of most individual AIDS-defining illnesses, including Kaposi s sarcoma KS). We used observational data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) to estimate the effect of zidovudine use on the subsequent inci
Streptococcus pneumoniae blood culture isolates from patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection: alterations in penicillin susceptibilities and in serogroups or serotypes.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1165-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063969; Crewe-Brown HH; Karstaedt AS; Saunders GL; Khoosal M; Jones N; Wasas A; Klugman KP; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Pathology, South African; Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg.; We performed a 3-year retrospective study of Streptococcus pneumoniae blood culture isolates recovered at Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, South Africa , from 1993 to 1995. The study group comprised 457 patients, including 98 children, of known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seros
Nosocomial infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in a long-term-care setting.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1230-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063978; DeMarais PL; Gertzen J; Weinstein RA; Department of Internal Medicine, Cook County Hospital and Rush Medical; College, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.; To our knowledge, the epidemiology of hospital-acquired infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients during long-term care has not been reported. For 13 months, we observed HIV-infected patients (50 men and 15 women) in a dedicated 21-bed unit in a long-term-care facility to determine the rate of
Endogenous interleukin-2 serum levels in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1233-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063979; Johann-Liang R; Cervia J; Noel GJ; Department of Pediatrics, Cornell University Medical College, New; York, New York 10021, USA.; Levels of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) in serum obtained from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children at health maintenance visits were measured to characterize endogenous IL-2 responses and to examine the association between these responses and progression of imm
Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I: reciprocal activation with clinical and immunologic consequences.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1259-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063995; Casseb J; Hong MA; Salomao S; Duarte AJ; Gallo D; Hendry RM; Emilio Ribas Institute of Infectious Diseases and Laboratory; Immunogenetics Division of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Sao; Paulo, Brazil.
High serum ferritin concentration in an AIDS patient with miliary tuberculosis.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1263-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98063998; Arranz Caso JA; Garcia Tena J; Llorens MM; Moreno R; Department of Medicine and Internal Medicine, Principe de Asturias; University Hospital, and School of Medicine, University of Alcala de; Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Cutaneous protothecosis in a patient with AIDS and a severe functional neutrophil defect: successful therapy with amphotericin B.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1265-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064000; Carey WP; Kaykova Y; Bandres JC; Sidhu GS; Brau N; Department of Dermatology, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016, USA.
Fever, erythroderma, abdominal pain, and renal failure following initiation of indinavir therapy.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1268-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064002; Rietsema WJ; Department of Medicine, Champlain Valley Physicians' Hospital,; Plattsburgh, New York, USA.
Renal dysfunction in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient who was treated with indinavir.: Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;25(5):1270-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98064004; Grunke M; Valerius T; Manger B; Kalden JR; Harrer T; Department of Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg,; Erlangen, Germany.
[HIV viral load and preventive HIV load in primary health care editorial)]: Aten Primaria. 1997 Nov 15;20(8):399-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089700; Vall Mayans M
In vitro suppression of HIV-1 replication by ajoene [(e)-(z)-4,5,9-trithiadodeca-1,6,11-triene-9 oxide]: Biomed Pharmacother. 1997;51(9):397-403. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114880; Walder R; Kalvatchev Z; Garzaro D; Barrios M; Apitz-Castro R; Centro de Microbiologia y Biologia Celular, Instituto Venezolano de; Investigaciones Cientifica, Caracas, Venezuela.; Studies were performed to establish whether synthetic ajoene exhibited differential inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 (IIIB) and to clarify the mechanism of its antiviral effects. Our results demonstrate that ajoene protected acutely infected Molt-4 cells against HIV-1 and blocked furthe
Oral absorption of anti-aids nucleoside analogues: 3. Regional absorption and in vivo permeability of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine in an intestinal-vascular access port (IVAP) dog model.: Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1997 Nov;18(8):697-710. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98041060; Sinko PJ; Sutyak JP; Leesman GD; Hu P; Makhey VD; Yu H; Smith CL; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers, State; University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855, USA. sinko@rci.rutgers.edu; The absolute oral and regional intestinal bioavailabilities (BAs) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddI), a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, were investigated in an in vivo intestinal-vascular access port (IVAP) dog model. The mean (+/- SD) absol
Clinical significance of hepatitis G virus infection in patients on long-term haemodialysis.: J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997 Nov;12(11):762-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98091879; Ideura T; Tanaka E; Nakatsuji Y; Kobayashi M; Kanno Y; Oguchi H; Hora K; Division of Artificial Kidney, Shinshu University School of Medicine,; Japan.; Infection with the newly discovered hepatitis G virus (HGV) was analysed in 163 patients on long-term haemodialysis to clarify its prevalence and clinical significance. Hepatitis G virus RNA in serum was measured by polymerase chain reaction with primers corresponding to the putative non-structural 5 region. Of the 1
The therapeutic potential of ribozymes.: Blood. 1998 Jan 15;91(2):371-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102416; James HA; Gibson I; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich,; Norfolk, UK.; Ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules that recognize their target RNA in a highly sequence-specific manner. They can therefore be used to inhibit deleterious gene expression (by cleavage of the target mRNA) or even repair mutant cellular RNAs. Targets such as the mRNAs of oncogenes (resulting from base mutations or ch
Retrovirally transduced CD34++ human cord blood cells generate T cells expressing high levels of the retroviral encoded green fluorescent protein marker in vitro.: Blood. 1998 Jan 15;91(2):431-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102422; Verhasselt B; De Smedt M; Verhelst R; Naessens E; Plum J; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology,; University of Ghent, University Hospital of Ghent, Belgium.; Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) receive increased attention as a possible target for gene-transfer in gene therapy trials. Diseases affecting the lymphoid lineage, as adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) could be cured by gene therapy. Howev
Circulating CD8 T lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals have impaired function and downmodulate CD3 zeta, the signaling chain of the T-cell receptor complex.: Blood. 1998 Jan 15;91(2):585-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102440; Trimble LA; Lieberman J; Center for Blood Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have a high frequency of HIV-specific CD8 T lymphocytes, freshly isolated lymphocytes frequently lack detectable HIV-specific cytotoxicity. However, this effector function becomes readily apparent after overnight c
Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus antibody in young adult Hodgkin's disease [letter]: Blood. 1998 Jan 15;91(2):724. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102459; Cozen W; Masood R; Mack T; Gill PS; Ablashi DV
Stochastic modeling of the dynamics of CD4+ T-cell infection by HIV and some Monte Carlo studies.: Math Biosci. 1998 Jan 15;147(2):173-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094564; Tan WY; Wu H; Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Memphis, Tennessee; 38152, USA.; In this paper, we develop a stochastic model for the interaction between CD4+ T cells and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus by taking into account the basic biological mechanism as described in [1-4]. We studied this stochastic model through extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that, in some
The Kaposi's Sarcoma Clinic at the University of California, San Francisco: an early response to the AIDS epidemic.: Bull Hist Med. 1997 Winter;71(4):651-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98093867; Hughes SS
Frequency of the CCR5 delta 32 mutant allele in HIV-1-positive patients, female sex workers, and a normal population in Taiwan.: J Formos Med Assoc. 1997 Dec;96(12):979-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107377; Li C; Yan YP; Shieh B; Lee CM; Lin RY; Chen YM; Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical; College, Tainan, Taipei, Taiwan.; A specific 32-nucleotide deletion mutant of the CCR5 gene Accr5), the coreceptor gene for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), can effectively suppress the transmission and pathogenesis of the virus. Individuals homozygous for the delta ccr5 allele resist primary macrophage-tropic HIV-1 infection, despite mult
Sailors and star-bursts, and the arrival of HIV.: BMJ. 1997 Dec 20-27;315(7123):1689-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98109993; Hooper E
Humanitarian issues. Young people affected by HIV must be supported year in, year out [letter]: BMJ. 1998 Jan 3;316(7124):76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98113131; Nicholson J; Gerrard N; Harris E
HIV-1 Nef protein: purification, crystallizations, and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies.: Protein Sci. 1997 Dec;6(12):2681-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98078584; Franken P; Arold S; Padilla A; Bodeus M; Hoh F; Strub MP; Boyer M; Jullien M; Benarous R; Dumas C; Centre de Biochimie Structurale, UMR C9955 CNRS, U414 INSERM,; Universite Montpellier I, Faculte de Pharmacie, France.; Human immunodeficiency virus Nef protein accelerates virulent progression of AIDS by its interaction with specific cellular proteins involved in cellular activation and signal transduction. Here we report the purification and crystallization of the conserved core of HIV-1LAI Nef protein in the unliganded form and in c
Mycoplasma genitalium infection and host antibody immune response in patients infected by HIV, patients attending STD clinics and in healthy blood donors.: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 1997 Nov;19(3):237-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114139; Wang RY; Grandinetti T; Shih JW; Weiss SH; Haley CL; Hayes MM; Lo SC; American Registry of Pathology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic; Diseases Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington,; DC, USA.; Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in humans is still not clear. We have developed a sensitive and specific serological assay for M. genitalium using lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) as antigens. Antibodies to LAMPs from M. genitalium showed little cross-reactivity to LAMPs from antigenically similar M. pne
Glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1) null genotype and sulphonamide intolerance in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Pharmacogenetics. 1997 Dec;7(6):519-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090936; Delomenie C; Mathelier-Fusade P; Longuemaux S; Rozenbaum W; Leynadier F; Krishnamoorthy R; Dupret JM; INSERM U458, Hopital Robert Debre, Paris, France.
What's in your black bag?: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1996 Dec 2;6(25):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095801; Vierra WE; Georgetown University School of Nursing, Washington, DC, USA.
HIV home test: you make the call.: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1997 Jan 13;7(1):12-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094889; Lloyd SP
National registry targets occupational HIV exposure.: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1997 Mar 10;7(5):12-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094848; Campion C
Advances in HIV/AIDS care.: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1997 Mar 10;7(5):14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094849; Kurtyka D
Long-term survivors of HIV.: Nurs Spectr (Wash D C). 1997 Mar 10;7(5):16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094851; Zurlinden J
Proliferative response of human T lymphocytes to porcine fetal brain cells.: Cell Transplant. 1997 Nov-Dec;6(6):571-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101816; Brevig T; Pedersen EB; Kristensen T; Zimmer J; Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense; University, Odense C, Denmark.; Intracerebral grafting of porcine fetal brain cells is a potential treatment of neurodegenerative disorders in humans. Although it is well known that the survival of fetal pig brain cells in the rat brain requires immunosuppression, the response of human T lymphocytes to fetal pig brain cells is unknown. Here we repor
Impaired sympathetic influence on the immune response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis due to lymphocyte subset-specific modulation of beta 2-adrenergic receptors.: Br J Rheumatol. 1997 Dec;36(12):1262-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98110036; Baerwald CG; Laufenberg M; Specht T; von Wichert P; Burmester GR; Krause A; Department of Internal Medicine, Philipps-University, Marburg,; Germany.; Previous studies have demonstrated that an alteration of the interaction between the immune system and the autonomic nervous system may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritides. To address this issue further in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this study aimed at determining the modulation of
Alkylation of a catalytic aspartate group of the SIV protease by an epoxide inhibitor.: Bioorg Med Chem. 1997 Nov;5(11):2019-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98078375; Caldera PS; Yu Z; Knegtel RM; McPhee F; Burlingame AL; Craik CS; Kuntz ID; Ortiz de Montellano PR; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University; of California, San Francisco 94143-0446, USA.; Specific irreversible inhibition of the SIV protease by FMOC-protected piperidine epoxide 1 involves alkylation of the protein. Tryptic digestion of the alkylated protein and mass spectrometric analysis of the peptides identify an active site aspartic acid (Asp-25) as the single residue that is alkylated. Computer mod
Cryo-electron microscopy reveals ordered domains in the immature HIV-1 particle.: Curr Biol. 1997 Oct 1;7(10):729-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98035190; Fuller SD; Wilk T; Gowen BE; Krausslich HG; Vogt VM; Structural Biology Programme, European Molecular Biology Laboratory,; Heidelberg, Germany. fuller@EMBL-Heidelberg.DE; BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of AIDS and the subject of intense study. The immature HIV-1 particle is traditionally described as having a well ordered, icosahedral structure made up of uncleaved Gag protein surrounded by a lipid bilayer containing envelope proteins. Ex
The solution structure of the amino-terminal HHCC domain of HIV-2 integrase: a three-helix bundle stabilized by zinc.: Curr Biol. 1997 Oct 1;7(10):739-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98035191; Eijkelenboom AP; van den Ent FM; Vos A; Doreleijers JF; H~ard K; Tullius TD; Plasterk RH; Kaptein R; Boelens R; Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The; Netherlands.; BACKGROUND: Integrase mediates a crucial step in the life cycle of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The enzyme cleaves the viral DNA ends in a sequence-dependent manner and couples the newly generated hydroxyl groups to phosphates in the target DNA. Three domains have been identified in HIV integrase: an amino-
The importin-beta family member Crm1p bridges the interaction between Rev and the nuclear pore complex during nuclear export.: Curr Biol. 1997 Oct 1;7(10):767-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98035194; Neville M; Stutz F; Lee L; Davis LI; Rosbash M; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brandeis University, Waltham,; Massachusetts 02254, USA.; BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) uses the viral protein Rev to regulate gene expression by promoting the export of unspliced and partially spliced viral transcripts. Rev has been shown to function in a variety of organisms, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The export activity of Rev depends on a
Heterosexual transmission of GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus infection.: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997 Nov;9(11):1117-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092202; Sarrazin C; Roth WK; Zeuzem S; Medizinische Klinik II, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main,; Germany.; GB virus-C (GBV-C) and hepatitis G virus (HGV) are recently identified non-A-E hepatitis-associated viruses belonging to the family Flaviviridae. The prevalence of GBV-C/HGV in the general population is high (1.2-3.0%), but data on possible transmission routes are sparse. In this report GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected in a
Down-regulation of IL-4 gene transcription and control of Th2 cell differentiation by a mechanism involving NFAT1.: Immunity. 1997 Dec;7(6):849-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090095; Kiani A; Viola JP; Lichtman AH; Rao A; The Center For Blood Research and Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Transcription factors of the NFAT family play a critical role in the immune response by activating the expression of cytokines and other inducible genes in antigen-stimulated cells. Here we show that a member of this family, NFAT1, is involved in down-regulating the late phase of IL-4 gene transcription, thus inhibiti
Lymphoproliferation in CTLA-4-deficient mice is mediated by costimulation-dependent activation of CD4+ T cells.: Immunity. 1997 Dec;7(6):885-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98090098; Chambers CA; Sullivan TJ; Allison JP; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular; Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.; CTLA-4-deficient animals develop a fatal lymphoproliferative disorder. The cellular mechanism(s) responsible for this phenotype have not been determined. Here, we show that there is a preferential expansion of CD4+ T cells in CTLA-4(-/-) mice, which results in a skewing of the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio. In vivo antibody de
Quinolinic acid production by macrophages stimulated with IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IFN-alpha.: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1997 Oct;17(10):589-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98016036; Pemberton LA; Kerr SJ; Smythe G; Brew BJ; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW,; Australia.; Quinolinic acid (QUIN) has been associated with several inflammatory neurologic disorders, including AIDS dementia complex (ADC). Recent studies suggest that activation of macrophages with either HIV-1 or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) can lead to QUIN production. However, the import
Pleural empyema due to Salmonella paratyphi in a patient with AIDS.: Trop Med Int Health. 1997 Dec;2(12):1140-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099306; Wolday D; Seyoum B; Black Lion Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa; University, Ethiopia. dawol@eth.healthnet.org; Pleural empyema due to Salmonella has rarely been reported in immunocompromised patients. Here, we present a case of a 25-year old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 HIV-1) who presented with a left-sided pleural effusion. The cause was confirmed bacteriologically to be due to Salmonella paratyp
Chemokines and chemokine receptors: the key to understanding AIDS [editorial]: Oral Dis. 1997 Mar;3(1):3-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117756; Thornhill MH; Li J; This article reviews the recent rapid developments in research that have demonstrated the importance of chemokines and their receptors in HIV infection and the progression to AIDS. These discoveries have transformed our understanding of how the virus may infect cells and why certain individuals may be resistant to HIV
Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a sample of HIV-positive and HIV-negative Italian hemophiliacs [letter]: Oral Dis. 1997 Mar;3(1):49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117763; Carrassi A; Sardella A; Abati S; Achilli A
Recent Advances in Oral AIDS Research. Based on Papers Presented at the Third International Workshop on the Oral Manifestations of HIV Infection. London, UK, 28 May-1 June 1996.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S1-240. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98125723
The HIV global pandemic: the development and emerging implication.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S1-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117764; Scully C; Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University of; London, UK.; AIDS was first observed in 1981. The World Health Organisation has estimated that over 6 million AIDS cases had occurred by late 1995 but that only one-third had been reported. There is an annual increase world-wide of 20%, but in Asia it is in excess of 150% each year. HIV-1 can be classified into two major groups: M
Stable azole drug resistance associated with a substrain of Candida albicans from an HIV-infected patient.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S102-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117783; White TC; Pfaller MA; Rinaldi MG; Smith J; Redding SW; Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, WA 98109, USA.; Oral candidiasis is one of the earliest and most frequent complications of a failing immune system in HIV-infected individuals. For several years, oral candidiasis has been treated effectively with azole drugs, the one most frequently used is fluconazole. Unfortunately, extensive use of the drug for treatment and prop
Fluconazole resistant oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S110-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117784; Tumbarello M; Tacconelli E; Caldarola G; Morace G; Cauda R; Ortona L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk factors associated with the emergence of fluconazole resistant Candida spp. in HIV-infected patients with oral candidiasis. METHODS: Candida spp. were isolated from oral swabs and tested in vitro for resistance to fluconazole. The factors potentially correlated with vazole-resistent Can
Neutrophil phagocytosis in AIDS patients with azole resistant candidiasis.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S113-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117785; Diz Dios P; Iglesias I; Valcarcel JP; Ocampo A; Vazquez E; Castro M; Santiago de Compostela University, Vigo, Spain.; OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTS: This study aimed to evaluate phagocytosis of C. albicans by neutrophils in 10 AIDS patients and 50 control subjects. Five of the AIDS patients were colonised with azole-resistant C. albicans isolates and five with azole-sensitive isolates. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Percentage phagocytosis was wi
Is erythematous candidiasis associated with advanced HIV disease?: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S116-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117786; Robinson PG; Challacombe SJ; Sheiham A; Zakrzewska JM; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, United Medical School,; London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: A multicentre collaborative study by the London HIV and Dentistry Group failed to associate the presence of erythematous candidiasis (EC) with advanced HIV disease. Data from a study of the periodontal health of homosexual men attending a genito-urinary medicine clinic presented an opportunity to investiga
Infections in hospitalised Russian children with AIDS.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S119-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117787; Makarova N; Yurin O; Pokrovsky V; Tappuni AR; Russia AIDS Centre, Ulitsa Socolinoy Gory, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the most common infections in hospitalised children with AIDS. (2) To identify the pathogens causing the above infections. (3) To investigate the possibility of nosocomial transmission of potential pathogens in a Russian AIDS hospital. SETTING: Russian AIDS Hospital for Children. SUBJECTS
Overview: Kaposi's sarcoma, oral neoplasms.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S122-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117788; Zakrzewska JM; Department of Oral Medicine, St Bartholomew's, London, UK.; Since the last international workshop on the oral manifestations of HIV in 1993 there has been extremely rapid progress in our knowledge of the possible aetiology of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and this is reflected in this section which concentrates mainly on the epidemiology and molecular aspects of KS. Research continues
Management of oral Kaposi's sarcoma and a proposal for clinical staging.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S124-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117789; Epstein JB; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplastic disease in patients with disease due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and oral KS (OKS) is the commonest oral neoplasia. OKS has been managed by local excision, intralesional chemotherapy regional radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy. Comparison between stud
Etiology of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphoma.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S129-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117790; Boshoff C; Whitby D; Talbot S; Weiss RA; Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) are common consequences of HIV infection. These tumours appear to be precipitated by herpesviruses. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated as a cause of up to 50% of systemic NHLs and up to 100% of central nervous system lymphomas in patients with AIDS. KS may be
Sentinels and signposts: the epidemiology and significance of the oral manifestations of HIV disease.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S13-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117766; Greenspan JS; Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0422, USA.; A large number of studies attest to the frequency of oral disease in those with HIV infection. Most show that hairy leukoplakia and pseudomembranous candidiasis are the commonest lesions in those with HIV infection and AIDS, with higher prevalence and incidence rates correlating with falling CD4 counts and disease pro
Detection of human herpesvirus-8 DNA in oral ulcer tissues of HIV-infected individuals.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S133-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117791; Di Alberti L; Porter SR; Speight PM; Scully CM; Zakrzewska JM; Williams IG; Artese L; Piattelli A; Ngui SL; Teo CG; Department of Oral Medicine, Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of detection of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in HIV-related oral ulcers. DESIGN: Analysis of archived biopsy material. METHODS: Nested polymerase chain reaction of DNA extracts. RESULTS: HHV-8 DNA was detected in six of 10 oral ulcers of HIV-positive patients without oral Kaposi s
Oral lymphoma in HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S135-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117792; Jordan RC; Chong L; DiPierdomenico S; Satira F; Main JH; Department of Dentistry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University; of Toronto, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: This study reports the main clinical and histological features, and the treatment and outcomes of six HIV-associated oral lymphomas. SUBJECTS: During the period 1991-1995, six cases of lymphoma presenting in the oral cavity were diagnosed in this clinic. All six patients were men ranging in age from 36 to 6
Essential questions concerning periodontal diseases in HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S138-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117793; Johnson NW; RCS Department of Dental Sciences, King's College School of Medicine; and Dentistry, London, UK. n.johnson@kcl.ac.uk
Epidemiology and diagnosis of HIV-associated periodontal diseases.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S141-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117794; Lamster IB; Grbic JT; Bucklan RS; Mitchell-Lewis D; Reynolds HS; Zambon JJ; Division of Periodontics, Columbia University, School of Dental and; Oral Surgery, NY 10032, USA.; A review of periodontal disease as a manifestation of HIV infection suggests a shift in emphasis over the past 5 years. Initially the focus was on newly described forms of periodontal disease (i.e., HIV-associated gingivitis or linear gingival erythema (LGE); HIV-associated periodontitis or necrotizing ulcerative peri
Periodontal health and HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S149-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117795; Robinson PG; Sheiham A; Challacombe SJ; Zakrzewska JM; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College,; London, UK.; Despite a large amount of research of periodontal health seen in HIV infection, much remains to be learned. Very few large controlled studies of infected people at settings not self-selected for oral disease have been reported, and few have investigated the necrotising periodontal diseases described in HIV infection.
Prevalence of six periodontal pathogens detected by DNA probe method in HIV vs non-HIV periodontitis.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S153-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117796; Tenenbaum H; Elkaim R; Cuisinier F; Dahan M; Zamanian P; Lang JM; Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University Louis; Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.; OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of selected periodontal pathogens associated with HIV and non-HIV related periodontal lesions. METHODS: Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients affected with periodontal disease. DNA probes were used
Epstein-Barr virus: biology and disease.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S156-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117797; Cruchley AT; Williams DM; Niedobitek G; Young LS; Department of Oral Pathology, St Bartholomew's, London, UK.; Epstein-Barr virus is a human herpes virus which, whilst found as a widespread asymptomatic infection, is also associated with certain tumours of lymphoid and epithelial origin including Burkitt s lymphoma (BL), immunoblastic lymphoma (IBL), Hodgkin s Disease (HD) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A unique character
Epstein-Barr virus infection and expression in oral lesions.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S164-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117798; Raab-Traub N; Webster-Cyriaque J; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina,; Chapel Hill 27599-7295, USA.; OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the recently discovered Kaposi s sarcoma associated herpes virus, human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV or HHV8), was determined within oral lesions common to HIV infection including OHL, pseudoOHL (PHL), oral lymphoma, oral aphthous ulcers, and an oral Kaposi s sarcoma. M
Epstein-Barr virus BMRF-2 and BDLF-3 expression in hairy leukoplakia.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117799; Palefsky JM; Penaranda ME; Pierik LT; Lagenaur LA; MacPhail LA; Greenspan D; Greenspan JS; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San Francisco; 94143, USA.; Hairy leukoplakia (HL) is a lesion found on the side of the tongue of immunocompromised individuals, including those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The lesion has unique histopathologic features and is characterised by high-level Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication, multiple EBV strains, and exten
The expression of the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA-I) in oral hairy leukoplakia.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S177-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117800; Cruchley AT; Murray PG; Niedobitek G; Reynolds GM; Williams DM; Young LS; Department of Oral Pathology, St Bartholomew's, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is characterised by the presence of a replicative Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the superficial layers of the epithelium. There is some doubt, however, whether this reflects activation of a latent infection of the basal epithelial cells. EBV latency is associated with the expressi
Epidemiology of HIV-related oral manifestations in women: a review.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S18-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117767; Shiboski CH; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0422, USA.; OBJECTIVE: (1) To assess the extent of knowledge acquired since 1981 on the epidemiology of HIV-related oral manifestations in women; (2) to determine if these findings differ by gender; and 3) to assess the needs and direction for future epidemiologic research on oral disease and HIV infection in women in relation to
Oral ulcerations in HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S180-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117801; Reichart PA; Universitatsklinikum Charite, Medizinische Fakultat,; Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Abteilung fur Oralchirurgie und; zahnarztliche Rontgenologie, Germany.; Oral ulceration in HIV infection may be due to: (1) mycotic; (2) bacterial, protozoan; (3) and viral infections; (4) oral neoplasia; (5) aphthous ulceration/ulceration not otherwise specified (NOS); or (6) ulceration of iatrogenic origin. Of particular significance are oral ulcerations caused by viruses of the herpes
Oral ulcers in HIV-infected patients: an update on epidemiology and diagnosis.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S183-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117802; Ficarra G; Institute of Stomatology, University of Florence, Italy.; Oral ulcers observed during the course of HIV infection may be very severe. Such manifestations may interfere with oral functions and alter the patients quality of life. It is important to stress that when HIV-infected individuals present with ulcerative lesions of the oral cavity, neoplastic processes and rare infec
Oral ulceration in HIV infection: investigation and pathogenesis.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S190-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117803; MacPhail LA; Greenspan JS; UCSF Dept. of Stomatology 94143-0422, USA.; Oral ulcerations associated with HIV infection include recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). Whereas RAU prevalence is not increased, lesion severity is: among a group of HIV+ patients, 66% had the more severe herpetiform or major RAU. This increased severity suggests that HIV disease-related changes in the immune system m
Severe oral ulceration in patients with HIV infection: a case series.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S194-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117804; Zakrzewska JM; Robinson P; Williams IG; Department of Oral Medicine, St Bartholomew's, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: Oral ulceration occurs in an estimated 2-4% of patients with HIV infection. This retrospective observational study describes the aetiology and characteristics of 94 HIV-positive patients with either severe and/or recurrent oral ulceration presenting at a dedicated HIV dental unit over a 4-year period. METHO
Some unusual oral lesions in HIV infection: comments on the current classification.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S197-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117805; van der Waal I; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, University; Hospital Vrije Universiteit/ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Of the numerous oral lesions reported in HIV-infected patients, four entities will be discussed in this paper: linear gingival erythema; cystic lymphoid hyperplasia of the parotid gland; oral non-Hodgkin s lymphoma ; and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Based on the literature and the
The deep mycoses in HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S200-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117806; Scully C; de Almeida OP; Sposto MR; Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital for Oral Health Care Sciences,; London, UK.; The deep mycoses are uncommon infections, usually acquired from the inhalation or ingestion of fungal spores, sometimes from the soil in areas of endemicity, such as in the Americas and south-east Asia, or from decaying vegetable matter. They are also seen in immunocompromised persons and, increasingly, in HIV-infecte
Less common oral lesions associated with HIV infection: prevalence and classification.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S208-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117807; Schiodt M; Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hillerod Central; Hospital, Denmark.; This paper deals with a number of group II and III lesions, ie lesions definitely but less commonly, and lesions possibly associated with HIV infection, respectively. Salivary gland disease includes dry mouth and/or swelling of major salivary glands, often as a part of CD8-lymphocytosis syndrome. Xerostomia occurs com
Good ethical practice in the dental treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S214-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117808; Doyal L; St Bartholomew's, London, UK.; Patients with HIV/AIDS have challenged the ethics of the dental profession. The seriousness, infectious character and social stigma of the illness have led to a range of ethical dilemmas about the treatment of such patients. This paper attempts to resolve some of the more difficult questions through exploring the mora
The professional responsibility for care.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S221-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117809; Glick M; Burris S; University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia; 19104, USA.; Access to dental care is an essential need for all patients, particularly for individuals with complex medical conditions. Consequently, dentists have a moral and professional obligation to provide care for all individuals within the dentist s realm of expertise. However, throughout the HIV epidemic dental professiona
Psychological aspects of infection control and the care of the patient with HIV in dentistry.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S225-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117810; Green J; National AIDS Counselling Training Unit, St Charles Hospital, London,; UK.; HIV presents a number of challenges to the dentist. There is a need to control infection risks and, in spite of all the information available, a minority of dentists still have incomplete infection control procedures. The reasons for this and the implications for dental education are explored. There is also a need to
Management of the oral mucosal lesions seen in association with HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S229-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117811; Greenspan D; Shirlaw PJ; Department of Stomatology, University of California San Francisco, CA,; USA.; Oral lesions cause considerable morbidity in association with HIV infection. Their successful management depends upon accurate diagnosis and the use of appropriate therapy. Various treatment approaches are described for some of the common oral lesions including Kaposi s sarcoma, oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia and
Dental lesions: diagnosis and treatment.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S235-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117812; Phelan JA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768,; USA.; Oral health care has been an integral part of the care of patients with HIV infection and AIDS since the disease was first identified in the early eighties. The spectrum of HIV-associated opportunistic diseases occurring in the oral cavity propelled dental health care providers to the forefront of patient care. Infect
Treatment of HIV-associated periodontal diseases.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S238-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117813; Robinson PG; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College,; London, UK.; Three presentations of periodontal disease are associated with HIV infection: necrotising periodontal disease; forms of atypical gingivitis and exacerbated attachment loss. Necrotising disease resembling aggressive acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis and is the most acute and painful of these. Response to treatmen
Oral manifestations in 70 German HIV-infected women.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S28-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117768; Schmidt-Westhausen A; Grunewald T; Reichart PA; Pohle HD; Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Radiology, Universitatsklinikum; Charite, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of oral lesions in HIV-infected women, and to determine the association of oral lesions with the level of immunosuppression and the route of transmission. PATIENTS: In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, a cohort of 70 HIV-infected women (median age: 32.5 y; median CD4(+)-cell
Oral aspects of HIV infection in children.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S31-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117769; Ramos-Gomez FJ; Department of Growth and Development, University of California San; Francisco 94143-0438, USA.; Most infants with congenital HIV infection appear normal at birth. Clinical difficulties usually begin as the first year proceeds, and in about half of the children oral manifestations are the first signs. Oral manifestations are commonly found in HIV-positive asymptomatic and pediatric AIDS patients, they are the ear
Oral lesions of HIV and AIDS in Asia: an overview.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S36-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117770; Anil S; Challacombe SJ; Government Dental College and Hospital, Trivandrum, India.; The magnitude of HIV infection in the Asian region is increasing dramatically. Oral disease represents an important health problem for HIV-infected individuals, because of its diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. The documentation and reporting of HIV infection and AIDS in most of the Asian countries h
Oral lesions in a group of Thai people with AIDS.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S41-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117771; Nittayananta W; Chungpanich S; Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla; University, Haadyai, Thailand.; OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of oral lesions present in Thai people with AIDS and to determine whether gender influences the occurrence of oral lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Extra- and intra-oral examinations were performed on 124 AIDS patients (90 men, aged 19-62 years, media
HIV-associated oral lesions: prevalence in Zambia.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S46-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117772; Hodgson TA; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, UMDS Guy's Hospital,; London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of HIV-associated oral lesions in known HIV+ subjects in Zambia and assess the predictive value of these lesions to identify individuals with CD4 cell counts less than 200 x 10(6) L-1. SETTING: St Francis Hospital, situated in the rural Katete
Orofacial manifestations and seroprevalence of HIV infection in Namibian dental patients.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S51-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117773; Itula PF; Mackenzie SB; Lewis K; Mortimer PP; Charles Clifford Dental Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial; Surgery, Sheffield, UK.; SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In an anonymous study of HIV-I sero-reactivity in dental patients in a Government clinic in Namibia , 29 (7%) out of 405 patients (10 female and 19 male) were confirmed as HIV-infected. HIV-antibody testing was done cheaply and conveniently by collecting and s
Intergroup comparisons of oral lesions in HIV-positive South Africans.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S54-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117774; Arendorf TM; Bredekamp B; Cloete C; Wood R; O'Keefe E; University of the Western Cape (WHO Collaborating Centre), South; Africa.; OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there are any differences in the oral manifestations of sub-groups of persons with HIV. These data could provide information for planning of oral health promotion and prevention programmes. DESIGN: A comparative inter-group cross-sectional investigation of the oral manifestations of HIV
Inhibition of HIV infectivity by human saliva.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S58-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117775; Malamud D; Nagashunmugam T; Davis C; Kennedy S; Abrams WR; Kream R; Friedman HM; Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania School of; Dental Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6003, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Human saliva is known to decrease HIV infectivity in vitro. The purpose of this study was to extend these findings and to focus on the mechanism of action of these salivary factor(s). DESIGN: A number of viruses and several assay systems have been utilized to determine if the effect of submandibular saliva
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in mucosal fluids inhibits HIV-I.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S64-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117776; Wahl SM; McNeely TB; Janoff EN; Shugars D; Worley P; Tucker C; Orenstein JM; Laboratory of Immunology, NIDR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Despite the presence of HIV-1 in the oral cavity, transmission of the virus through saliva has not been proven. Consistent with these observations, we recently identified an endogenous 12 kD protein, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), in saliva which blocks HIV-1 infection in vitro. Whereas other salivary
The social, economic and political impact of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S7-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117765; Kleinman DV; National Institute of Dental Research, National Institute of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; OBJECTIVES: This paper reviews the themes emerging from reports of the many social, economic and political effects of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on individuals, nations and the world. The impact of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic has been felt in every facet of society. APPROACH: The impact of the epidemic is described in fiv
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor blocks infectivity of primary monocytes and mononuclear cells with both monocytotropic and lymphocytotropic strains of human immunodeficiency virus type I.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S70-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117777; Shugars DC; Sauls DL; Weinberg JB; UNC School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA.; Saliva contains factors that inhibit infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. One of these factors was recently identified as secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a salivary protein which blocked HIV-1 infectivity of monocytes and primary T cells at physiologic concentrations
Detection of HIV in oral mucosal cells.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S73-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117778; Qureshi MN; Barr CE; Hewlitt I; Boorstein R; Kong F; Bagasra O; Bobroski LE; Joshi B; Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Beth; Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York,; USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV DNA and RNA and the morphologic localization of HIV in the oral cavity of HIV-seropositive subjects. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of saliva, buccal scrapings and buccal biopsies from HIV-seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Whole saliva, bu
Salivary and mucosal immune responses to HIV and its co-pathogens.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S79-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117779; Challacombe SJ; Sweet SP; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, UMDS Guy's Hospital,; London, UK.; The profound effects that HIV induces in systemic immunity have been well characterised, but the situation with regard to mucosal immune responses is less clear. Oral cavity fluids have been used as a marker of the mucosal immune system. Whole and parotid saliva IgA, IgA1 and IgA2 concentrations have been found to be
Clinical applications of two detection systems for HIV using saliva.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S85-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117780; Wisnom C; DePaola L; Saville RD; Constantine NT; Falkler W Jr; University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Department of Oral; Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Baltimore 21201, USA.; The purpose of this research was to determine if the accuracy of HIV saliva and serum test results were influenced by changes in collection sites. In order to do so, serum and saliva samples were collected from 615 subjects in eight different geographic settings. The oral fluid collection/testing systems utilized were
Selection and pathogenicity of Candida albicans in HIV infection.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S88-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117781; Sweet SP; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital,; London, UK.
Molecular and phenotypic analysis of Candida dubliniensis: a recently identified species linked with oral candidosis in HIV-infected and AIDS patients.: Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S96-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117782; Coleman D; Sullivan D; Harrington B; Haynes K; Henman M; Shanley D; Bennett D; Moran G; McCreary C; O'Neill L; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dental Science,; Trinity College, University of Dublin, Republic of Ireland.; The discovery and characterisation of a novel species of Candida, termed Candida dubliniensis, associated with oral candidosis in HIV-infected individuals is described. These organisms share several phenotypic characteristics in common with Candida albicans and Candida stellatoidea, including the ability to produce ge
[Sinus manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]: Rev Neurol. 1997 Oct;25(146):1620-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98041250; Martinez-Subias J; Dominguez LJ; Urpegui A; Sancho E; Royo J; Valles H; Servico de ORL, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza,; Espana.; OBJECTIVE: We decided to review the different disorders which may affect the paranasal sinuses in the course of the acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome, and the most suitable treatment for them. DEVELOPMENT: Involvement of the paranasal sinuses is not particularly common in the acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome. The
[China's "wall" against AIDS (news)]: Tidsskr Sykepl. 1997 Mar 11;85(5):39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98108402
[AIDS affects world economy (news)]: Tidsskr Sykepl. 1997 Mar 11;85(5):43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98108404
[Food and AIDS--fellowship and good cheer are "vitamins" too]: Tidsskr Sykepl. 1997 Mar 11;85(5):56-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98108408; Andreassen BF; Goverud K; Kalstad A
T-cell regulation in murine and human autoimmune diabetes: the role of TH1 and TH2 cells.: Diabetes Metab. 1997 Nov;23(5):377-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98078385; Heurtier AH; Boitard C; Service de diabetologie et, maladies metaboliques, Hopital de la; Pitie, Paris, France.; Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the destruction of pancreatic insulin-secreting cells by a T-cell-mediated autoimmune reaction. Distinct types of T helper cells (TH1 and TH2) have been characterised based on their cytokine secretion profiles following activation. Evidence from animal models fav
Different TH2-TH1 balance in V beta 8 and V beta 6 subsets of splenocytes in NOD females in the early phase of diabetogenesis.: Diabetes Metab. 1997 Nov;23(5):386-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98078386; Atlan-Gepner C; Hermitte L; Janand-Delenne B; Naquet P; Vialettes B; Service d'Endocrinologie Nutrition et Maladies metaboliques, Hopital; Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France.; Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop T-cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes. Initial work on the diabetogenic T-cell repertoire indicated that autoreactive T lymphocytes were polyclonal but that the presence of specific subsets (V beta 8 or V beta 6) might be required for induction of the disease. Further
Oral manifestations of HIV disease: an update.: Semin Cutan Med Surg. 1997 Dec;16(4):257-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98081569; Lynch DP; Department of Biologic and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry,; University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA.; More than 40 different oral diseases and conditions have been described in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus HIV). The recognition of the oral manifestations of HIV disease is of great significance because they may represent the first signs of the disease and have been shown to be highly predictive m
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: clinical characteristics and associated systemic disorders.: Semin Cutan Med Surg. 1997 Dec;16(4):278-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98081572; Rogers RS 3rd; Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.; Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), commonly known as canker sores, has been reported as recurrent oral ulcers, recurrent aphthous ulcers, or simple or complex aphthosis. RAS is the most common inflammatory ulcerative condition of the oral mucosa in North American patients. One of its variants is the most painful con
Neurological manifestations of perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection.: Semin Pediatr Neurol. 1994 Sep;1(1):50-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98084243; Epstein LG; Sharer LR; Division of Child Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center,; NY 14642, USA.; Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a major potential cause of neurological disorders in children and adults throughout the world. This article provides an overview regarding the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and neuropathogenesis of perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection. Ins
Protection of health care workers against bloodborne infections in emergency departments.: Eur J Emerg Med. 1994 Mar;1(1):42-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98084161; Colebunders R; Verstraeten T; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.; Health care workers in emergency departments are at particular high risk for acquiring occupational bloodborne infections. Needle stick injuries are the main hazard. Systematic HIV testing of patients admitted to emergency department is not a cost beneficial way to protect health care workers from acquiring such infec
Co-expression of immunogenic determinants by the same cellular immunogen is required for the optimum immunotherapeutic benefit in mice with melanoma.: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1998 Jan;45(5):217-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102817; Xu W; de Zoeten E; Carr-Brendel V; Cohen EP; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (M/C 790), Chicago, IL; 60612, USA.; Tumor-associated T cell epitopes are recognized by T cells in the context of determinants specified by class I loci. Since the rejection of foreign histocompatibility antigens is known to enhance tumor immunity, immunization with a cellular vaccine that combined the expression of both syngeneic and allogeneic class I
The significance of an increase in soluble interleukin-2 receptor level in colorectal cancer and its biological regulating role in the physiological switching of the immune response cytokine network from TH1 to TH2 and back.: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1998 Jan;45(5):241-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102820; Berghella AM; Pellegrini P; Del Beato T; Marini M; Tomei E; Adorno D; Casciani CU; Istituto CNR di Tipizzazione Tissutale e Problemi della Dialisi,; L'Aquila, Italia.; Current research has still not clarified the biological role of soluble interleukin(IL)-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and the significance of its increase in the serum of colon cancer patients compared to healthy subjects. To address these questions at the immunological level in a group of patients and healthy subjects, we dete
Induction by DNA immunization of a protective antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against a minimal-epitope-expressing tumor.: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1998 Jan;45(5):273-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102824; Iwasaki A; Barber BH; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Canada.; In order to examine the use of DNA immunization to block tumor growth, we have developed a model system in which a defined 9-amino-acid epitope from the nucleoprotein of influenza virus is used as a surrogate tumor-associated antigen. A mastocytoma cell line of DBA/2 origin (P815) was transfected with a plasmid encodi
HIV risk behaviors among inner-city African American women. The Community Housing AIDS Prevention Study Group.: Womens Health. 1997 Fall-Winter;3(3-4):349-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98087906; Sikkema KJ; Heckman TG; Kelly JA; Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of; Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53202, USA.; This study examined the prevalence and predictors of HIV risk behaviors among a sample of 875 low-income, African American women residents of inner-city housing developments. The women completed an anonymous questionnaire that revealed that one third of them were at high risk for HIV either because they had multiple p
A molecular field-based similarity approach to pharmacophoric pattern recognition.: J Mol Graph Model. 1997 Apr;15(2):114-21, 103-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98046668; Mestres J; Rohrer DC; Maggiora GM; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA.; The use of molecular field-based similarity approaches for obtaining quality molecular alignments and for identifying field-based patterns in bioactive molecules is described. In addition to pairwise similarities, computation of multimolecule similarities affords a means for determining consensus multimolecule alignme
The African-American Health Project (AAHP): study overview and select findings on high risk behaviors and psychiatric disorders in African American men.: Ethn Health. 1997 Aug;2(3):183-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088422; Myers HF; Satz P; Miller BE; Bing EG; Evans G; Richardson MA; Forney D; Morgenstern H; Saxton E; D'Elia L; Longshore D; Mena I; Department of Psychology, University of California 90095-1563, USA.; The AAHP investigated the neurobehavioral and psychosocial sequelae of HIV-1 and substance use in urban African American men. A community resident sample of 502 African American men stratified by HIV-1 serostatus, drug use and sexual orientation were recruited. A comprehensive battery of measures of neurobehavioral an
Detection of human T lymphotropic virus type I proviral DNA in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis.: Respirology. 1996 Jun;1(2):139-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98095773; Matsuse T; Fukuchi Y; Hsu CY; Nagase T; Higashimoto N; Teramoto S; Matsui H; Sudo E; Kida K; Morinari H; Fukayama M; Ouchi Y; Orimo H; Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo,; Japan.; In Japan a number of reported cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis DPB) have been associated with human T lymphotropic virus type I HTLV-I) infection. In this study the hypothesis that HTLV-I proviral DNA may be prevalent in DPB was examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for th
Nurse practitioners as leaders in a quality health care delivery system.: Adv Pract Nurs Q. 1995 Fall;1(2):30-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98108253; Pfeffer GN; Schnack JA; Special Infectious Disease Program, Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.; Access to health care is often difficult for people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This article explores the role of the nurse practitioner (NP) within a self-directed, multidisciplinary framework, attending to the needs of a large population infected with HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndr
Human papillomavirus in the woman with HIV. Reducing risk is best strategy.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Oct;5(10):16-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116379; Colletta L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University,; Baltimore, USA.
Skin: a window to the immune system. Recognizing and treating HIV-related lesions.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Oct;5(10):22-6, 31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116380; Weyer D; Southeast AIDS Training and Education Center, Atlanta, USA.
'Queenie railroad' touches our hearts.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Nov;5(11):82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116410; Braun E; Community Family Planning Council, New York City, USA.
The best news yet: AIDS in 1997.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Dec;5(12):24-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116414; Leccese C
Caring for the child with HIV infection or AIDS. Key points for community care.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Feb;5(2):37-8, 41-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116264; Nehring WM; Larson B; Boyer SG; Maternal-Child Nursing Program, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA.
New treatment options for CMV retinitis in AIDS.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Apr;5(4):45-9, 83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116296; Lalezari JP; HIV Clinical Research Center, Mount Zion Hospital/University of; California, San Francisco, USA.
An offer of hope. Program reaches out to women & children with HIV.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Apr;5(4):81-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116304; Ricchini W
Nutritional needs in the AIDS patient. Recognizing and treating wasting syndrome.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Jun;5(6):34-7, 41-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116326; Moscardini C; Touger-Decker R; Ostrowski MB; Staten Island University Hospital, NY, USA.
A young mother with AIDS. A case history.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Aug;5(8):26-8, 31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116351; DeLeo M; Tetreault D; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,; Torrance, Calif., USA.
HIV home tests. Clinicians discuss advantages, disadvantages.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Aug;5(8):51-4, 79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116357; Leccese C
Megace Oral Suspension for anorexia and cachexia in AIDS.: Adv Nurse Pract. 1997 Aug;5(8):67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116361
Intracerebral mass lesions in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and cryptococcal meningitis.: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Nov;29(3):193-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98065344; Sanchez-Portocarrero J; Perez-Cecilia E; Department of Neurology, Santa Maria del Rosell Hospital, Cartagena,; Spain.; The frequency of intracerebral mass lesions (ICML) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is not well established. Cryptococcoma seems to be a rare affliction. The objective of this study was to analyze the etiology of ICML in patients with HIV infection and CM.
AIDS-related bronchogenic carcinoma: fact or fiction?: Chest. 1998 Jan;113(1):154-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101533; Parker MS; Leveno DM; Campbell TJ; Worrell JA; Carozza SE; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the University of Texas; Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 75235, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Case reviews and retrospective analyses have raised the possibility of an increased frequency of primary lung carcinoma in HIV- and AIDS-infected patients. Conclusions have often been controversial and conflicting. We conducted a population-based epidemiologic study to assess the incidence of lung neoplasms
Use of the deconvolution principle in the estimation of absorption and pre-systemic intestinal elimination of drugs.: Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Nov;25(11):1260-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98016238; Pithavala YK; Soria I; Zimmerman CL; Graduate Program in Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of; Minnesota.; The deconvolution principle was used to evaluate the extent of absorption and first-pass elimination of selected drugs. In the first example, deconvolution of the portal blood profiles of etretinate (ET, a synthetic retinoid) indicated that there was significant gut-wall conversion of ET to acitretin (ETA, the primary
Conduct disorder and HIV risk behaviors among runaway and homeless adolescents.: Drug Alcohol Depend. 1997 Nov 25;48(2):69-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98029832; Booth RE; Zhang Y; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver 80211, USA.; This study was designed to assess the prevalence of conduct disorder (CD) among runaway and homeless adolescents and to investigate associations between CD and HIV risk behaviors. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children and a standardized HIV risk assessment questionnaire were administered to 219 runaway and ho
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis viruses in Chinese drug addicts.: Epidemiol Infect. 1997 Dec;119(3):343-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101388; Baozhang T; Kaining Z; Jinxing K; Ruchang X; Ming L; Caixia Z; Li T; Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of; Kumming Medical College, P.R. China.; The prevalence of antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and five hepatitis B virus markers (HBVM) was measured in 176 Chinese drug addicts, of whom 23 were AIDS patients. Of 176 drug addicts, 147 were members of ethnic minorities while 29 were Han, the majority ethnic group. The total prevalence rates of anti-
Present characteristics of symptomatic amebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica in the east-southeast area of Tokyo.: Epidemiol Infect. 1997 Dec;119(3):363-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98101391; Ohnishi K; Murata M; Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh General; Hospital, Sumida City, Japan.; Admitted medical records, from January 1988 to December 1995, of 28 symptomatic amebic patients who lived in the east-southeast area of Tokyo were studied retrospectively, in order to find the present characteristics of symptomatic amebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica in this area. Categorized by disease, there were
Immunophenotyping of insulitis in control and essential fatty acid deficient mice treated with multiple low-dose streptozotocin.: Diabetologia. 1997 Nov;40(11):1263-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98049285; Fraser RB; Rowden G; Colp P; Wright JR Jr; Department of Pathology, I.W.K. Grace Health Centre, Halifax, Nova; Scotia, Canada.; Multiple injections of low-dose streptozotocin induce lymphocytic insulitis and autoimmune diabetes in male CD-1 mice. Prior to the onset of insulitis, macrophages infiltrate the islets (single cell insulitis) and presumably help initiate the lymphocytic response directed at streptozotocin-induced neoantigens on islet
Vasoactive intestinal peptide enhancement of antigen-induced differentiation of a cultured line of mouse thymocytes.: FASEB J. 1998 Jan;12(1):119-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099254; Pankhaniya R; Jabrane-Ferrat N; Gaufo GO; Sreedharan SP; Dazin P; Kaye J; Goetzl EJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0711, USA.; The prominence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in rodent thymic neurons suggested that this potent mediator of T cell functions may alter developmental responses of thymocytes to T cell receptor (TCR) dependent stimulation. CD4+8+ DPK cells derived from a thymic lymphoma of a TCR transgenic mouse respond to pig
Enhanced activation of platelets with abnormal release of RANTES in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.: FASEB J. 1998 Jan;12(1):79-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099250; Holme PA; Muller F; Solum NO; Brosstad F; Froland SS; Aukrust P; Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Medical Department A, The; National Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway.; Besides their role in hemostasis, platelets are involved in inflammatory and immunological processes, and we hypothesize that platelet activation may play an immunopathogenetic role in HIV-1 infection. Blood was drawn from 15 controls and 20 HIV-1-infected patients with normal platelet counts, classified into groups o
Serum malondialdehyde in HIV seropositive children.: Free Radic Biol Med. 1998 Feb;24(3):503-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98099400; Jareno EJ; Bosch-Morell F; Fernandez-Delgado R; Donat J; Romero FJ; Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain.; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with oxidative stress as it has been demonstrated in adult seropositive individuals. We show in this study that serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of HIV infected children was significantly higher than in control children. Moreover, a statistically sign
Bovine leukemia virus-induced clinical signs and morphological changes of encephalitozoonosis in rabbits.: Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1997;44(4):249-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100491; Levkut M; Lesnik F; Balent P; Zajac V; Korim P; Slavikova K; Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine,; Kosice, Slovak Republic. patanat@vsvnov.uvm.sk; Fourteen three-month-old rabbits spontaneously-infected with the microsporidium Encephalitozoon cuniculi Levaditi, Nicolau et Schoen, 1923 were inoculated intravenously with lymphocytes (Ly) from seropositive bovine leukemia virus infected cattle (Ly/BLV) or with fetal lamb kidney cells infected with bovine fetal leuk
[Interleukin-6 and immune state in children with nephrotic syndrome]: Hua Hsi I Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao. 1996 Dec;27(4):408-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98050397; Liu Z; Zhou S; Wang Z; Wang Z; Zhang C; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Sichuan Provine.; IL-6 activities were determined in 37 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) by using an IL-6 dependent murine hybridoma-clone (MH60). The results showed that the levels of IL-6 activities in children with INS at the stage of onset were significantly higher than those of normal control group (P
Up-regulation of iNOS mRNA expression and increased production of NO in human monoblast cell line, U937 transfected by HTLV-I tax gene.: Immunobiology. 1997 Nov;197(5):513-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98075671; Goto H; Nakamura T; Shirabe S; Ueki Y; Nishiura Y; Furuya T; Tsujino A; Nakane S; Eguchi K; Nagataki S; First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of; Medicine, Japan.; We investigated the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) p40tax-transfected U937 cells, a human monoblast cell line. Transfection of HTLV-I p40tax U937 cells induced up-regulation of iNOS mRNA expression and
Interleukin-12 enhances CD26 expression and dipeptidyl peptidase IV function on human activated lymphocytes.: Immunobiology. 1997 Nov;197(5):522-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98075672; Cordero OJ; Salgado FJ; Vinuela JE; Nogueira M; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of; Santiago de Compostela, Spain. bnojord@uscmail.usc.es; Research of a cellular pathway activated by IL-12 which may result in new therapeutical approaches for IL-12, led us to find an intriguing relationship between IL-12 and CD26/DPPIV ectopeptidase on activated T cells. Both the percentage and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD26+ cells in the PHA-stimulated PBMC
Postnatal changes in mucosal immune response: a physiological perspective of breast feeding and weaning.: Immunol Cell Biol. 1997 Oct;75(5):419-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98091724; Cummins AG; Thompson FM; Gastroenterology Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Australia.; cumthom@camtech.net.au; There are profound changes of immune activity during infancy from suppression during breast feeding, activation with weaning, and later intrinsic down-regulation after weaning. Breast feeding, as well as protecting against infections, seems to have a fundamental role in modifying the immune system against certain dise
Protection from autoimmune diabetes by adjuvant therapy in the non-obese diabetic mouse: the role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10.: Immunol Cell Biol. 1997 Oct;75(5):467-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98091729; Calcinaro F; Gambelunghe G; Lafferty KJ; Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado,; Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA.; Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets. A single administration of CFA prevents clinical hyperglycaemia in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. We have previously shown that CFA administration does
Regulatory role of CD8 in major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted tumoricidal activity of mouse T cells activated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody.: Immunol Invest. 1997 Aug-Dec;26(5-7):601-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98061471; Stewart BH; Hoskin DW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University,; Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.; Antigen-nonspecific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells induced with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) are able to kill tumor cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted fashion. However, the role of CD8 in the MHC-independent tumoricidal activity of anti-CD3-activated killer T (AK-T) cells has not been investi
Interleukin-4-dependent immunoglobulin G1 isotype switch in the presence of a polarized antigen-specific Th1-cell response to the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein.: Infect Immun. 1998 Feb;66(2):451-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114340; Schopf LR; Filutowicz H; Bi XJ; Mansfield JM; Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706,; USA.; This study examines B-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) class-switching events in the context of parasite antigen-specific Th-cell responses in experimental African trypanosomiasis. Inbred mice were infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and the coordinate stimulation of Th-cell cytokine responses and B-cell responses t
Mapping of the T-cell epitope in the major 43-kilodalton glycoprotein of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis which induces a Th-1 response protective against fungal infection in BALB/c mice.: Infect Immun. 1998 Feb;66(2):786-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114387; Taborda CP; Juliano MA; Puccia R; Franco M; Travassos LR; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal; University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.; The 43-kDa glycoprotein of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the major diagnostic antigen of paracoccidioidomycosis, the prevalent systemic mycosis of Latin America. Apart from eliciting high antibody titers, gp43 is also immunodominant in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in infected animals and humans. The cell
Comparison of intranasal and intramuscular immunization against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a DNA-monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant vaccine.: Infect Immun. 1998 Feb;66(2):823-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114393; Sasaki S; Hamajima K; Fukushima J; Ihata A; Ishii N; Gorai I; Hirahara F; Mohri H; Okuda K; Department of Bacteriology, Yokohama City University School of; Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.; We compared immune responses to intranasal and intramuscular DNA vaccinations against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) used as an adjuvant. Both routes of vaccination resulted in similar levels of cell-mediated immunity, but the intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A response was hi
Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by CD8+ T cells requires the production of gamma interferon.: Infect Immun. 1998 Feb;66(2):830-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114395; Tascon RE; Stavropoulos E; Lukacs KV; Colston MJ; National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom.; The role of CD8 T cells in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in mice was confirmed by comparing the levels of growth of the organism in control, major histocompatibility complex class II knockout, and athymic mice and by transferring T-cell populations into athymic mice. By using donor mice which were
Learned and unlearned in the past year.: Iowa Med. 1997 Nov-Dec;87(9):367. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086968; Nelson R
Effect of pregnancy, mode of administration and neonatal age on the pharmacokinetics of zalcitabine (2', 3'-dideoxycytidine) in the pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina).: J Antimicrob Chemother. 1997 Nov;40(5):687-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98081670; Tuntland T; Nosbisch C; Unadkat JD; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.; Our objective was to determine the effect of pregnancy, mode of administration and neonatal age on the pharmacokinetics of the anti-HIV drug zalcitabine (2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine; ddC ) in the pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina). Zalcitabine was adminis
Processing and activation of pro-interleukin-16 by caspase-3.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 9;273(2):1144-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086294; Zhang Y; Center DM; Wu DM; Cruikshank WW; Yuan J; Andrews DW; Kornfeld H; Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston,; Massachusetts 02118, USA. yzhang@bupula.bu.edu; Interleukin-16, a proinflammatory cytokine produced in CD8(+) lymphocytes, is synthesized as a precursor protein (pro-IL-16). It is postulated that the C-terminal region of pro-IL-16 is cleaved, releasing bioactive IL-16. To characterize IL-16 cleavage, we transfected COS cells with a cDNA encoding a approximately 50-
Function of the KKXX motif in endoplasmic reticulum retrieval of a transmembrane protein depends on the length and structure of the cytoplasmic domain.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 9;273(2):950-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086269; Vincent MJ; Martin AS; Compans RW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of; Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.; Transmembrane glycoproteins with type 1 topology can be retrieved to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by a retrieval signal containing a di-lysine (KK) motif near the C terminus. To investigate the structural requirements for ER retrieval, we have constructed mutants of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope (
Photoaffinity labeling by 4-thiodideoxyuridine triphosphate of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase active site during synthesis. Sequence of the unique labeled hexapeptide.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 9;273(2):997-1002. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086275; Lin S; Henzel WJ; Nayak S; Dennis D; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware,; Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.; The active site of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) was investigated by photoaffinity labeling based on catalytic competence. A stable ternary elongation complex was assembled containing enzyme, DNA template (RT20), DNA primer molecule P12), and the necessary dNTPs (one of which was alpha-32P-labeled) needed for
High fidelity of internal strand transfer catalyzed by human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1483-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98104130; DeStefano J; Ghosh J; Prasad B; Raja A; Department of Microbiology, University of Maryland, College Park; 20742, USA. jd146@umail.umd.edu; A system to study the fidelity of internal strand transfer events was constructed. A donor RNA, on which reverse transcriptase RT)-directed DNA synthesis was initiated, shared homology with an acceptor RNA, to which DNAs initiated on the donor could transfer. The homology occurred over a 119-base internal region of th
The HIV-1 Tat nuclear localization sequence confers novel nuclear import properties.: J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1623-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98104148; Efthymiadis A; Briggs LJ; Jans DA; Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, John Curtin School of Medical Research,; Canberra, Australia.; The different classes of conventional nuclear localization sequences (NLSs) resemble one another in that NLS-dependent nuclear protein import is energy-dependent and mediated by the cytosolic NLS-binding importin/karyopherin subunits and monomeric GTP-binding protein Ran/TC4. Based on analysis of the nuclear import ki
Altered expression and function of P-glycoprotein (170 kDa), encoded by the MDR 1 gene, in T cell subsets from aging humans.: J Clin Immunol. 1997 Nov;17(6):448-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98079379; Aggarwal S; Tsuruo T; Gupta S; Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California,; Irvine 92697, USA.; Aging is associated with progressive T cell-mediated immune deficiency, increased frequency of infections, and autoimmune phenomena. P-glycoprotein (P-gP), a 170-kDa glycoprotein, is a member of a superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transport proteins that has been shown to express on cells of the immune system and su
Field evaluation of a combination of monospecific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for type-specific diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 infections in HIV-seropositive persons in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):123-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092231; Nkengasong JN; Maurice C; Koblavi S; Kalou M; Bile C; Yavo D; Boateng E; Wiktor SZ; Greenberg AE; Projet RETRO-CI, CHU Treichville, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. jcn5@cdc.gov; Serologic distinction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1) and HIV-2 infection is made difficult because of the cross-reactivity and high cost of existing differentiation assays. An evaluation of a strategy based on a combination of monospecific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) (CME), was carr
Interpretation of trailing endpoints in antifungal susceptibility testing by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards method.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):153-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092236; Revankar SG; Kirkpatrick WR; McAtee RK; Fothergill AW; Redding SW; Rinaldi MG; Patterson TF; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78284-7881,; USA. REVANKAR@UTHSCSA.EDU; Trailing endpoints remain a problem in antifungal susceptibility testing using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) method. For isolates for which trailing endpoints are found, MICs of 64 microg/ml at 48 h are usually observed. In a study of human immunod
Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma by using blood dried on filter paper.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):258-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092257; Fiscus SA; Brambilla D; Grosso L; Schock J; Cronin M; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North; Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7140, USA. sfiscus@email.unc.edu; We compared whole blood dried on filter paper to the standard assay with frozen cell-free plasma for use in the quantitation of the human immunodeficiency virus RNA load in blood. RNA values from filter paper, corrected for the hematocrit, gave results comparable to those of the standard assay in terms of sensitivity
Long-term predictive value of a single cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA PCR assay for CMV disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):281-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092264; Walmsley S; Mazzulli T; Krajden M; Department of Medicine, The Toronto Hospital, and University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. swalmsley@torhosp.toronto.on.ca; Universal prophylaxis with oral ganciclovir is not cost-effective for the prevention of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection. For a preemptive strategy to be considered, patients at highest
Absolute copy number and relative change in determinations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma: effect of an external standard on kit comparisons.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):311-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092274; Brambilla D; Leung S; Lew J; Todd J; Herman S; Cronin M; Shapiro DE; Bremer J; Hanson C; Hillyer GV; McSherry GD; Sperling RS; Coombs RW; Reichelderfer PS; New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Massachusetts 02172, USA.; Use of a common set of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1) RNA standards eliminated differences among absolute HIV-1 RNA copy number estimates made with three commercially available assays. The relative changes in the viral RNA levels determined by the commercial assays were similar and were unaffected by the u
Low sensitivity of peripheral blood smear for diagnosis of subclinical visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):315-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092275; Delgado J; Pineda JA; Macias J; Regordan C; Gallardo JA; Leal M; Sanchez-Quijano A; Lissen E; Viral Hepatitis & AIDS Study Group, Virgen del Rocio University; Hospital, Seville, Spain. iaguado@cica.es; The peripheral blood smear is an easy method for the diagnosis of symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. However, its efficiency in diagnosing subclinical VL remains unknown. In this study, Leishmania amastigotes were seen in blood smears from 1 of 13
Identification of Encephalitozoon intestinalis in travelers with chronic diarrhea by specific PCR amplification.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):37-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092213; Raynaud L; Delbac F; Broussolle V; Rabodonirina M; Girault V; Wallon M; Cozon G; Vivares CP; Peyron F; ESSA, Bron, France.; With the use of Weber s modified trichrome and Uvitex 2B techniques, spores of microsporidia were detected in the stools of four travelers presenting clinically with chronic diarrhea. The general health of these patients was not impaired, and human immunodeficiency virus screening was negative. Immune evaluation, incl
Pre-AIDS era isolates of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis: high genotype similarity with contemporary isolates.: J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):90-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092224; Tsolaki AG; Beckers P; Wakefield AE; Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John; Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Isolates of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis were examined from six individuals who died of P. carinii pneumonia between 1968 and 1981 and who had underlying immunodeficiencies which were not due to human immunodeficiency virus infection. DNA sequence variation was analyzed in the genes encoding the mitochondrial l
Contribution of CD4+, CD8+CD28+, and CD8+CD28- T cells to CD3+ lymphocyte homeostasis during the natural course of HIV-1 infection.: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 1;101(1):137-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083134; Caruso A; Licenziati S; Canaris AD; Cantalamessa A; Fiorentini S; Ausenda S; Ricotta D; Dima F; Malacarne F; Balsari A; Turano A; Institute of Microbiology, University of Brescia Medical School,; Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy. caruso@master.cci.nibs.it; The relationship between the number of circulating CD4+ T cells and the presence of particular CD8+ T cell subsets was analyzed by flow cytometry on PBL from asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients whose specimens were collected every 2 mo for a total period of 32 mo. Only slight variations were detected in the absolute
The role of interleukin-converting enzyme in Fas-mediated apoptosis in HIV-1 infection.: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 1;101(1):195-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083141; Sloand EM; Maciejewski JP; Sato T; Bruny J; Kumar P; Kim S; Weichold FF; Young NS; Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. sloande@gwgate.nhlbi.nih.gov; Apoptosis of CD4+ lymphocytes is partially responsible for the depletion of these cells in HIV-infected individuals. CD4+ lymphocytes from HIV-1-infected patients express higher membrane levels of the Fas receptor, and are particularly susceptible to apoptosis after Fas triggering. IL-1beta- converting enzyme (ICE) is
GAD-reactive CD4+ Th1 cells induce diabetes in NOD/SCID mice.: J Clin Invest. 1998 Jan 1;101(1):68-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083126; Zekzer D; Wong FS; Ayalon O; Millet I; Altieri M; Shintani S; Solimena M; Sherwin RS; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.; Although glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been implicated in IDDM, there is no direct evidence showing GAD-reactive T cells are diabetogenic in vivo. To address this issue, 3-wk-old NOD mice received two injections of purified rat brain GAD; one mouse rapidly developed diabetes 3 wk later. Splenocytes from this m
Sebotropic drug reaction resulting from kava-kava extract therapy: a new entity?: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Jan;38(1):104-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107903; Jappe U; Franke I; Reinhold D; Gollnick HP; Department of Dermatology and Venereology,; Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Germany.
An unusual demodicidosis manifestation in a patient with AIDS.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Jan;38(1):120-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107910; Sarro RA; Hong JJ; Elgart ML; Department of Dermatology, George Washington School of Medicine,; Washington, DC 20037, USA.
HIV-associated eosinophilic folliculitis: diagnosis by transverse histologic sections.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Jan;38(1):124-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107912; Piantanida EW; Turiansky GW; Kenner JR; Mather MK; Sperling LC; Department of Dermatology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, DC 20307-5001, USA.
Lymphocyte subsets and Langerhans cells in sun-protected and sun-exposed skin of immunosuppressed renal allograft recipients.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Jan;38(1):38-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107892; Galvao MM; Sotto MN; Kihara SM; Rivitti EA; Sabbaga E; Kidney Transplant Unit, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine,; Brazil.; BACKGROUND: Patients who have received renal allografts experience early aging of the skin, opportunistic infections, and an increased incidence of skin cancer. OBJECTIVE: We compared the density of lymphocyte subsets and Langerhans cells in normal-appearing skin of renal allograft recipients without skin cancer at 5
Cytokine profiles of cells extracted from humans with periodontal diseases.: J Dent Res. 1998 Jan;77(1):16-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100049; Gemmell E; Seymour GJ; Department of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Australia.; FACS analysis was used to determine the percent interferon IFN)-gamma-, interleukin (IL)-4-, IL-10-, and CD30-positive T-cells extracted from adult periodontitis (AP) and healthy/gingivitis (H/G) subjects. Additionally, the percentages of IL-1 beta-, IL-10- and IL-12-producing B-cells and macrophages were ascertained.
T lymphocytes in mercury-exposed workers.: Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1997 Nov;19(4):499-510. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98098380; Queiroz ML; Dantas DC; Department of Pharmacology and Hemocentre, Faculty of Medical; Sciences, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Brazil.; In this work we have investigated the changes in T-helper and T-suppressor cells and T-cell proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in mercury-exposed workers. The study group consisted of 33 workers from a mercury-producing plant with a mean age of 29 years and a mean exposure period of 19 months. At the t
Interferon therapy for chronic HCV hepatitis: trick or treat? [editorial]: J Clin Gastroenterol. 1997 Jul;25(1):310-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98074389; Malnick SD; Schmilovitz-Weiss H; Chronic hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common condition that leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment with interferon is unsatisfactory, with a low percentage of patients who respond and uncertain high-term significance; in addition, it is associated with sometimes sever
Virus elimination and histologic improvement in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon alpha.: J Clin Gastroenterol. 1997 Jul;25(1):346-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98074398; Teramura K; Fukuda A; Kobayashi H; Yoshimoto S; Kawashima H; Ohsawa N; First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Japan.; We evaluated the elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by means of interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) by investigating both positive- and negative-stranded RNA forms in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissue. We also assessed the long-term histologic improvement accompanying viral clearance. We studied 20
Typhoid fever and asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. A report of 10 cases.: J Clin Gastroenterol. 1997 Oct;25(3):507-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98074446; Khan M; Coovadia Y; Sturm AW; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Natal Medical; School, Congella, South Africa.; Ten patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were treated for typhoid fever at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, South Africa , from 1993 through 1995. The mean age was 23.7 years (range, 8-33 years), with a female-to-male ratio of 9 to 1 and mortali
Chronic hepatitis C: the viral load per liver cell before treatment as a new marker to predict long-term response to IFN-alpha therapy.: J Hepatol. 1997 Nov;27(5):917-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98043329; Schlaak JF; Trippler M; Ernst I; Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH; Gerken G; First Department of Medicine, University of Mainz, Germany.; BACKGROUND/AIMS: So far, there are no reliable parameters that can predict the long-term sustained response to treatment with interferon-alpha in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In this study, we have developed a semi-quantitative method to determine the viral load per liver cell and have correlated this factor wit
HIV infection and chronic hepatitis C [letter]: J Hepatol. 1997 Nov;27(5):953; discussion 954. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98043337; Guido M; Rugge M
HCV infection in HIV-infected individuals [letter]: J Hepatol. 1997 Nov;27(5):953-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98043338; Eyigun C; Colantoni A; Van Thiel DH
The clinical impact of resistance in the management of pneumococcal disease.: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1997 Dec;11(4):867-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083482; Leggiadro RJ; Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Medical Center of Richmond,; Staten Island, New York, USA.; The prevalence of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) has increased worldwide. Although unfavorable outcomes in meningitis due to DRSP have been well-described, the clinical impact of DRSP on other manifestations of pneumococcal infection warrants further study. Empiric combination vancomycin and extended-s
The impact of antimicrobial resistance on the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1997 Dec;11(4):889-903. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083484; Erbelding E; Quinn TC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; The focus of this article is to review the development of antimicrobial resistance among several sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and to discuss the frequency and mechanisms of resistance and recommendations for treatment of selected STDs in which resistance to certain antimicrobial agents has increased. For a num
What clinicians need to know about antiviral drugs and viral resistance.: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1997 Dec;11(4):945-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98083487; Hodinka RL; Division of Immunologic and Infectious Diseases, University of; Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.; The development of safe and effective antiviral therapies for the management of a variety of viral infections has expanded tremendously in recent years. Treatment is now possible for serious and potentially life-threatening infections with herpesviruses, respiratory viruses such as influenza A and respiratory syncytia
Determination of intracellular cytokines by flow-cytometry following whole-blood culture.: J Immunol Methods. 1997 Nov 10;209(1):67-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107724; Carrock-Sewell WA; North ME; Webster AD; Farrant J; MRC Immunodeficiency Research Group, Department of Clinical; Immunology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.; Various methods have been reported for measuring intracellular cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated by density-gradient centrifugation. In this report, we describe a whole-blood method for the determination of intracellular cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and
Manipulation of Th1/Th2 balance in vivo by adoptive transfer of antigen-specific Th1 or Th2 cells.: J Immunol Methods. 1997 Nov 10;209(1):85-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107726; Ohta A; Sato N; Yahata T; Ohmi Y; Santa K; Sato T; Tashiro H; Habu S; Nishimura T; Department of Immunology, Tokai University School of Medicine,; Bohseidai, Isehara, Japan.; We have investigated the possibility that the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo may be modulated by adoptive transfer of Th1 or Th2 cells induced in vitro. Thl cells were induced from I-Ad-binding OVA323-339-specific T-cell receptor-transgenic (TCR-Tg) mouse spleen cells by culturing with OVA323-339 peptide and antigen presenti
Concurrent leprosy and HIV infection: a report of three cases.: Indian J Lepr. 1997 Jul-Sep;69(3):261-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98056014; Sayal SK; Das AL; Gupta CM; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Command Hospital; (Southern Command), Pune.; Three cases of concurrent infection with HIV and leprosy are reported. One had developed borderline lepromatous leprosy one year after identifying HIV infection, while the other two had indeterminate leprosy and both conditions were identified at the same time in these two patients. All three cases showed satisfactory
[Present state of countermeasure to AIDS in the world today]: Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1997 Nov;71(11):1097-107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116062; Takakuwa E; Hokkaido University.; 1. Introduction: Only about 10 years have passed since HIV was discovered but WHO presumes that there will be 30 to 40 million infected cases by the year 2,000. This then possesses the possibility of more frequent contact with such persons and thus means we must look for how to protect ourselves. I would like to discu
New acylated sulfoglycolipids and digalactolipids and related known glycolipids from cyanobacteria with a potential to inhibit the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1.: J Nat Prod. 1997 Dec;60(12):1251-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089628; Reshef V; Mizrachi E; Maretzki T; Silberstein C; Loya S; Hizi A; Carmeli S; School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact; Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.; Five novel diacylated sulfoglycolipids (1-5) were isolated from the cyanobacterium Scytonema sp. (TAU strain SL-30-1-4) and four novel acylated diglycolipids (6-9) were isolated from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria raoi (TAU strain IL-76-1-2). These two groups of glycolipids and related known glycolipids isolated from
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among drug-dependent patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1997 Sep-Oct;14(5):487-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100273; Njoh J; Zimmo S; Department of Medicine, Al Amal Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HIV among drug-dependent patients in Jeddah. Between January 1 1995 and May 31 1996, all the patients admitted into the Al Amal Hospital for drug dependence were screened for HIV by Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) and confirmed by Western blot. Those positive by the t
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Evaluation of HIV case surveillance through the use of non-name unique identifiers--Maryland and Texas, 1994-1996.: JAMA. 1998 Feb 4;279(5):350-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119546
Increasing incidence of AIDS among women [letter]: JAMA. 1998 Feb 4;279(5):354; discussion 355-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119549; Smith WS; Payne FJ
Increasing incidence of AIDS among women [letter]: JAMA. 1998 Feb 4;279(5):354-5; discussion 355-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119550; Franceschi S; Dal Maso L; Serraino D; Lo Re A; La Vecchia C
Possible effectiveness of clarithromycin and rifabutin for cryptosporidiosis chemoprophylaxis in HIV disease. HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) Investigators.: JAMA. 1998 Feb 4;279(5):384-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98119561; Holmberg SD; Moorman AC; Von Bargen JC; Palella FJ; Loveless MO; Ward DJ; Navin TR; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB; Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga; 30333, USA.; CONTEXT: Cryptosporidium parvum infection, a common cause of diarrhea in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is difficult to treat or prevent. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate relative rates of cryptosporidiosis in HIV-infected patients who were either receiving or not receiving chemoprophylaxis or tre
[BCG vaccines for the prevention of tuberculosis in the world]: Kekkaku. 1997 Nov;72(11):629-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98085288; Hashimoto T; University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.; The BCG vaccines will celebrate the 100th anniversary of their discovery in a decade at the beginning of the next century since Albert Calmette and Camille Guerin had presented it before the Academie des Sciences in 1908. At present tuberculosis kills more people than any other infectious disease about 3 million peopl
Persistence and differentiation of HTLV-I-transformed immature T-cells in HTLV-I carrier rabbits.: Leuk Res. 1997 Nov-Dec;21(11-12):1051-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98105684; Yoshida H; Nagano Y; Isono T; Seto A; Department of Microbiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu,; Japan.; Two T-cell lines with immature phenotypes, CD4-8- and CD4+8+, were found among HTLV-I-transformed T-cell lines obtained during experiments using a rabbit model of adult T-cell leukemia. Persistence and differentiation of these clones in vivo were examined by retrospectively analysing a series of cell lines from indivi
[Ki-1 (CD30) positive Large cell anaplastic lymphoma located in the anus in a female patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection (letter)]: Med Clin (Barc). 1997 Nov 8;109(16):645-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98092579; Hernandez JA; Ribera JM; Marti S; Vaquero M
Canadian AIDS doctor convicted of physician-assisted suicide [news]: Lancet. 1998 Jan 10;351(9096):121. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102679; Kondro W
Needle-exchange programmes in the USA: time to act now.: Lancet. 1998 Jan 10;351(9096):75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102657
Population-based study of fertility in women with HIV-1 infection in Uganda.: Lancet. 1998 Jan 10;351(9096):98-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102667; Gray RH; Wawer MJ; Serwadda D; Sewankambo N; Li C; Wabwire-Mangen F; Paxton L; Kiwanuka N; Kigozi G; Konde-Lule J; Quinn TC; Gaydos CA; McNairn D; Department of Population Dynamics, School of Hygiene and Public; Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21205, USA.; BACKGROUND: To assess the effects of HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections on pregnancy, we undertook cross-sectional and prospective studies of a rural population in Rakai district, Uganda . METHODS: 4813 sexually active women aged 15-49 years were surveyed to find out th
Blastocystis hominis infection in Cuban AIDS patients.: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1997 May-Jun;92(3):321-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97473752; Escobedo A; Nunez FA; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri, Laboratorio de Parasitismo; Intestinal, Ciudad Habana, Cuba.
1998 guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Jan 23;47(RR-1):1-111. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98120951; These guidelines for the treatment of patients who have sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were developed by CDC staff members after consultation with a group of invited experts who met in Atlanta on February 10-12, 1997. The information in this report updates the 1993 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidel
Public Health Service Task Force recommendations for the use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant women infected with HIV-1 for maternal health and for reducing perinatal HIV-1 transmission in the United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Jan 30;47(RR-2):1-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98120942; These recommendations update the 1994 guidelines developed by the Public Health Service for the use of zidovudine (ZDV) to reduce the risk for perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1) transmission. This report provides health-care providers with information for discussion with HIV-1-infected pregnant women
AIDS among persons aged > or = 50 years--United States, 1991-1996.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Jan 23;47(2):21-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98120947; Early in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, infection occurred disproportionately among older persons as a result of transmission through receipt of contaminated blood or blood products. Through 1989, receipt of contaminated blood or blood products accounted for only 1% of cases among persons aged 13-49
Defensins purified from human granulocytes bind C1q and activate the classical complement pathway like the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 of HIV-1.: Mol Immunol. 1997 Aug;34(11):809-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98105724; Prohaszka Z; Nemet K; Csermely P; Hudecz F; Mezo G; Fust G; 3rd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School,; Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest.; The transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 of HIV-1 contains a C1q binding domain (HIVenv 583-610) and activates the human complement system through the classical pathway. Based on structural and functional similarities between human defensins human neutrophil peptide, HNP 1-3) and synthetic peptides representing the env 583
Unilateral postural and action tremor resulting from thalamic toxoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Mov Disord. 1997 Nov;12(6):1096-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98061647; Micheli F; Granana N; Scorticati MC; Giannaula RJ; Reboredo G; Department of Neurology, Hospital de Clinicas Jose de San Martin,; Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Evaluation and management of intracranial mass lesions in AIDS. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.: Neurology. 1998 Jan;50(1):21-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103689
Cerebellar degeneration associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Neurology. 1998 Jan;50(1):244-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103724; Tagliati M; Simpson D; Morgello S; Clifford D; Schwartz RL; Berger JR; Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY,; USA.; Cerebellar disorders associated with HIV infection are typically the result of discrete cerebellar lesions resulting from opportunistic infections such as toxoplasmosis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or primary CNS lymphoma . Clinical symptoms and pathologic abnormal
Children of human immunodeficiency virus-infected members of the Army Reserve components.: Mil Med. 1997 Dec;162(12):777-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98094582; Cowan DN; Gambel JM; Brundage JF; Garner RP; Kuhn J; Division of Preventive Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 23507-5100, USA.; OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the numbers of children who will be left without one or both parents because of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This report evaluates childbearing patterns among U.S. Army reserve component members, a group largely made up of men with limited con
Patterns of disease and HIV testing at sexually transmitted disease clinics.: N Z Med J. 1997 Dec 12;110(1057):452-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98113326; Connor J; Paul C; Sharples K; Dickson N; Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago; Medical School, Dunedin.; AIM: To measure the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases STDs) and of HIV testing in a population of STD clinic attenders and the associations of these with age, gender, ethnicity, intravenous drug use, sexual practices and other STDs. METHODS: The study population comprised 8478 new attenders who had blood tak
[Prevention of HIV infections after professional exposure]: Osterr Krankenpflegez. 1997 Jun-Jul;50(6-7):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97433935; Most J
Dedicated palliative carers.: Nurs Times. 1997 Dec 10-16;93(50):36-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98116469; Baker A; Mildmay Mission Hospital, London.
[Acrosyndromes induced by bleomycin in HIV 1 related Kaposi's disease. 5 cases]: Presse Med. 1997 Nov 1;26(33):1564-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114842; Sibilia J; Rey D; Beck-Wirth G; Fraisse P; Chakfe N; Grunebaum L; Wiesel ML; Partisani ML; Lang JM; Service de Rhumatologie, Hopital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg.; OBJECTIVES: Raynaud s syndromes may be observed in HIV-infected patients, particularly those with Kaposi disease treated with bleomycin. This complication occurs in 10% of patients given bleomycin although only 7 cases have been reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of certai
[Hemolytic jaundice related to ingestion of indinavir (letter)]: Presse Med. 1997 Nov 1;26(33):1578. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114845; Fonquernie L; Girard PM; Cardon B; Rozenbaum W
[Acrosyndrome in AIDS. Vascular toxicity of bleomycin revisited editorial)]: Presse Med. 1997 Nov 1;26(33):1580-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114848; Emmerich J; Several cases of vasculitis have been reported in AIDS patients. They may occur as idiopathic disease or result from infection or cryoglobulinemia. In patients with Kaposi s syndrome, treated with bleomycin. Raynaud s phenomenon or digital necrosis can occur. The vascular toxicity of bleomycin is well known and does n
[Urinary calculi and crystalluria in HIV+ patients treated with indinavir sulfate]: Presse Med. 1997 Nov 8;26(34):1612-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98114814; Daudon M; Estepa L; Kebede M; Viard JP; Montagnac R; Deray G; Bricaire F; Service de Biochimie A, Hopital Necker, Paris.; OBJECTIVES: Anti-proteases, a new class of anti-HIV drugs used in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors have led to spectacular improvement in the patients clinical status. Since April 1996, indinavir is the most widely prescribed anti-pr
Fourier-filtered van der Waals contact surfaces: accurate ligand shapes from protein structures.: Protein Eng. 1997 Aug;10(8):851-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98075918; Friedman JM; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University,; New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.; We describe an improved method for determining the shapes and positions of ligand binding sites on proteins by calculating difference contact surfaces of proteins. We report that such calculations may be carried out efficiently by using the principle of the convolution functional operation. Key to this method are (i)
Prevalence of IgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in patients with HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1997 Nov-Dec;30(6):465-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089761; Galvan Ramirez ML; Valdez Alvarado V; Vargas Gutierrez G; Jimenez Gonzalez O; Garcia Cosio C; Vielma Sandoval M; Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de; Guadalajara, Mexico.; With the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Toxoplasma gondii has arisen as an important opportunist pathogenic agent, especially in the central nervous system, being the most common cause of intracerebral lesions. The incidence of Toxoplasm
[Cryptococcus infection limited to the prostate in an AIDS patient with disseminated mycobacteriosis. A necropsy report]: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1997 Nov-Dec;30(6):501-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98089767; de Lima MA; dos Santos JA; Lazo J; Silva-Vergara ML; dos Santos LA; dos Santos VM; Servico de Patologia Cirurgica, Faculdade de Medicina do Triangulo; Mineiro, Uberaba, MG.; This is a case report of asymptomatic and restrained cryptococcal prostatic infection in a 32-year-old black male with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, whose death was caused by systemic mycobacteriosis probably pertaining to MAI complex. The importance of autopsy studies to evaluate the real prevalence of fung
Decrease in viral load associated with topical dinitrochlorobenzene therapy in HIV disease.: Res Virol. 1997 Sep-Oct;148(5):343-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067711; Stricker RB; Goldberg B; Mills LB; Epstein WL; Department of Medicine, California Pacific Medical Center, San; Francisco 94108, USA.; Quantitative measurement of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA is being used to assess the efficacy of various treatment modalities in HIV disease. Topical dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) therapy has been associated with improved clinical and immunologic parameters in HIV-infected patients. We have now examined the ef
Mitogenic effect and activation of HIV1 production in serotonin-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from infected patients.: Res Virol. 1997 Sep-Oct;148(5):349-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98067712; Sidibe S; Saal F; Corvaia N; Rhodes-Feuilette A; Canivet M; Peries J; Dianoux L; UPR A0043 CNRS, Retrovirus et Retrotransposons des vertebres, Bat; INSERM, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris.
Lymphocyte proliferation assay in response to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with Lyme arthritis: analysis of lymphocyte subsets.: Rheumatol Int. 1997;17(4):151-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103320; Rutkowski S; Busch DH; Huppertz HI; Children's Hospital of the University of Wurzburg, Germany.; kink076@rzbox.uni-wuerzburg.de; The objective of this study was to assess the validity of the lymphocyte proliferation assay in the diagnosis of Lyme arthritis LA). We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 11 patients with LA and 5 healthy controls for proliferative responses to live Borrelia burgdorferi by 3H-thymidine uptake. Before and a
Introduction: gene vaccination, current concepts and future directions.: Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1997;19(2):131-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069415; Raz E; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla; 92093-0663, USA.
The development of a multivalent DNA vaccine for malaria.: Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1997;19(2):147-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069417; Hedstrom RC; Doolan DL; Wang R; Gardner MJ; Kumar A; Sedegah M; Gramzinski RA; Sacci JB Jr; Charoenvit Y; Weiss WR; Margalith M; Norman JA; Hobart P; Hoffman SL; Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Institute Annex, Rockville, MD; 20852, USA.
Genetic vaccination against tuberculosis.: Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1997;19(2):161-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069418; Lowrie DB; Silva CL; Tascon RE; National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK.; New weapons are needed in the fight against tuberculosis. Recent research indicates that a vaccine better than BCG may be within reach. A diverse range of protein antigens can give encouragingly high levels of protective immunity in animal models when administered with adjuvants or as DNA vaccines. Accelerated arrest
DNA gene vaccination for HIV.: Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1997;19(2):175-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069419; Kim JJ; Weiner DB; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Immunization with DNA vaccines in early life: advantages and limitations as compared to conventional vaccines.: Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1997;19(2):233-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98069423; Siegrist CA; Lambert PH; Department of Pathology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Monitoring of cytomegalovirus infections by the CD8+CD38+ T-cell subset in kidney transplant recipients.: Transplantation. 1998 Jan 27;65(2):279-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98117235; Belles-Isles M; Houde I; Lachance JG; Noel R; Kingma I; Roy R; Rheumatology-Immunology Research Center, Quebec University Hospital; Center, Ste-Foy, Canada.; BACKGROUND: The CD8+CD38+ T-cell subset can predict progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome among human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects. This T-cell subset usually increases during other active viral infections cytomegalovirus [
[Protease inhibitors--new preparations for treatment of HIV infections]: Ugeskr Laeger. 1998 Jan 19;160(4):451-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98112159; Lundgren JD; H:S Hvidovre Hospital, infektionsmedicinsk afdeling.; eurosida@inet.uni-c.dk
[Stavudine and lamivudine. Two new nucleoside analogues efficient against HIV]: Ugeskr Laeger. 1998 Jan 19;160(4):457-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98112160; Gerstoft J; H:S Rigshospitalet, RHIMA Centret, epidemiafdeling M7721.
Bovine leukemia virus-gp51 antigen expression is associated with CD5 and IgM markers on infected lymphocytes.: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1997 Oct 6;59(1-2):113-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100483; Meirom R; Moss S; Brenner J; Division of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet-Dagan, Israel.; Cows that develop a persistent lymphocytosis (PL) as a result of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection develop massive proliferation of B-lymphocytes expressing both IgM and CD5 markers. The association of these two markers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from BLV-infected cows and also expressing
Longitudinal characterization of CD4, CD8 T-cell subsets and of haematological parameters in healthy newborns of cynomolgus monkeys.: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1997 Oct 6;59(1-2):141-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100486; Baroncelli S; Panzini G; Geraci A; Pardini S; Corrias F; Iale E; Varano F; Turillazzi PG; Titti F; Verani P; Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, Istituto; Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; A longitudinal characterization of immune cell subpopulations lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ cells), of routine haematological parameters and of immunoglobulin serum levels was carried out in newborn Macaca fascicularis starting from 1 week up to 1 year of life. In neonates, the percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes is almost do
Hormone regulation of bovine leukemia virus via the long terminal repeat.: Virology. 1997 Dec 22;239(2):249-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096329; Niermann GL; Buehring GC; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720,; USA.; The hormone regulation of viruses has been of great interest since the discovery of glucocorticoid stimulation of mouse mammary tumor virus via a hormone response element in the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter region. This report describes the investigation of the hormone responsiveness of bovine leukemia vi
Efficient virus transmission from dendritic cells to CD4+ T cells in response to antigen depends on close contact through adhesion molecules.: Virology. 1997 Dec 22;239(2):259-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096330; Tsunetsugu-Yokota Y; Yasuda S; Sugimoto A; Yagi T; Azuma M; Yagita H; Akagawa K; Takemori T; Department of Immunology, National Institute of infectious diseases,; Tokyo, Japan. yyokota@nih.go.jp; Monocyte-derived cultured dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are susceptible to HIV-1Lai infection. Compared to the low level of virus production by HIV-1-infected DCs alone, a level of virus two to three orders of magnitude higher was produced by cocultivation of HIV-1-infected DCs w
Megalomicin inhibits HIV-1 replication and interferes with gp160 processing.: Virology. 1997 Dec 22;239(2):303-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096335; San Jose E; Munoz-Fernandez MA; Alarcon B; Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Universidad; Autonoma de Madrid, Spain.; The inhibitory effects on HIV replication of megalomicin (MGM, an inhibitor of intra-Golgi vesicle transport, have been studied. In experiments at low multiplicity of infection on Jurkat and MT2 cell lines. MGM inhibited the production of p24 antigen, the formation of syncytia, and the induction of apoptosis at concen
Contributions of antibody and T cell subsets to protection elicited by immunization with a replication-defective mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1.: Virology. 1997 Dec 22;239(2):315-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98096336; Morrison LA; Knipe DM; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard medical; School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. morrisla@wpogate.slu.edu; Replication-defective mutants of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) elicit immune responses in mice that reduce acute and latent infection after corneal challenge and are protective against development of disease. To understand the basis for the protective immunity induced by this new form of immunization, we investigated
Health care professionals' willingness to do mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.: West J Med. 1997 Dec;167(6):392-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98087883; Horowitz BZ; Matheny L; Division of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis,; Medical Center, Sacramento, USA.; To assess the willingness of physicians and nurses with training in basic cardiac life support to provide mouth-to-mouth resuscitation in both hospital and out-of-hospital settings, we surveyed all attendees at a monthly advanced life support course over a 1-year period. Of 622 attendees, 379 (61%) responded to our su
Long-term remission of HIV-associated thrombocytopenia parallels ongoing suppression of viral replication.: West J Med. 1997 Dec;167(6):433-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98087894; Zell SC; Peterson K; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada School of; Medicine, Reno, USA.
CTL induction using synthetic peptides delivered in emulsions--critical role of the formulation procedure.: Vaccine. 1997 Nov;15(16):1773-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98031265; Singh M; Hioe C; Qiu H; Li XM; Wang CY; Koff W; Zamb T; Nixon DF; United Biomedical, Inc., Hauppauge, NY 11788, USA.; Emulsions have been used with variable degrees of success to deliver antigen to stimulate immune responses. We have investigated three different ways of incorporating peptide antigen into soybean emulsions to induce CTL responses in mice. Two of these emulsions (oil-in-water, o/w, and water-in-oil-in-water, w/o/w) had
Enhancing ethical decision making in sexuality and AIDS education.: Adolescence. 1997 Winter;32(128):989-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98088226; Bailey CE; Piercy FP; Department of Child Development and Family Studies, Purdue University,; West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.; Traditionally, sexuality education has consisted of teaching adolescents about human anatomy, reproduction, and sexually transmitted diseases. Most sexuality and AIDS education curricula have emphasized neither the relational aspects nor the ethical meaning of sexual behavior. However, current guidelines for comprehen
Electronmicroscopic study of human herpesvirus 6-infected human T cell lines superinfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Acta Virol. 1997 Aug;41(4):221-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98053141; Takasaki T; Ohkawa N; Sano K; Morimatsu S; Nakano T; Nakai M; Yamaguchi J; Kurane I; Department of Microbiology, Kinki University School of Medicine,; Osaka, Japan.; Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has been proposed as one of the co-factors responsible for the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in human immunodeficiency virus HIV) carriers. We analyzed the interaction between HHV-6 and HIV-1 in superinfected cells. Cell-free HIV-1 could superinfect human T cell l
Cytochrome P450: new nomenclature and clinical implications.: Am Fam Physician. 1998 Jan 1;57(1):107-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98108475; Cupp MJ; Tracy TS; West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, USA.; Many drug interactions are a result of inhibition or induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450). The CYP3A subfamily is involved in many clinically significant drug interactions, including those involving nonsedating antihistamines and cisapride, that may result in cardiac dysrhythmias. CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 enzymes ar
CDC update on HIV infection [news]: Am Fam Physician. 1998 Jan 1;57(1):160. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98108479
Understanding the guidelines for treating HIV disease.: Am Fam Physician. 1998 Jan 15;57(2):315-22, 328. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98118110; Chesebro MJ; Everett WD; University of Alabama School of Medicine, Huntsville, USA.; In 1996 a panel of experts convened by the International AIDS Society-USA issued new guidelines for treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which have recently been updated. Quantitative plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration (viral load) and CD4+ lymphocyte levels are used to monitor disease progression, deter
Oxidative stress and plasma antioxidant micronutrients in humans with HIV infection.: Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Jan;67(1):143-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103572; Allard JP; Aghdassi E; Chau J; Salit I; Walmsley S; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; johane.allard@utoronto.ca; Increased lipid peroxidation induced by reactive oxygen species may play a role in the stimulation of HIV replication. In this study we compared lipid peroxidation indexes and plasma antioxidant micronutrients between 49 nonsmoking HIV-positive patients with no active opportunistic infection (25 asymptomatic and 24 wi
Antioxidant therapy and HIV infection: 1998 [editorial]: Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Jan;67(1):7-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103551; Kotler DP
Endoscopic evaluation of chronic human immunodeficiency virus-related diarrhea: is colonoscopy superior to flexible sigmoidoscopy?: Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Jan;93(1):56-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107864; Bini EJ; Weinshel EH; Division of Gastroenterology, New York University Medical Center, New; York, USA.; OBJECTIVES: In patients with chronic human immunodeficiency virus HIV)-related diarrhea undergoing lower endoscopy, the decision to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy is controversial. The purpose of this study is twofold: 1) to evaluate the diagnostic yield of colonoscopy in a large group of patients with
A continuous fluorometric assay for the feline immunodeficiency virus protease.: Anal Biochem. 1997 Dec 15;254(2):226-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98086701; Fitzgerald MC; Laco GS; Elder JH; Kent SB; Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; mfitz@scripps.edu; A novel fluorogenic substrate for continuous feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) protease (PR) assay was developed in which 2-aminobenzoic acid (Abz) and p-nitrophenylalanine (F(NO2)) were used as the fluorescent donor and acceptor, respectively. The 14-amino-acid fluorogenic substrate of sequence RALTK(Abz) VQ approx
Comparison of induced versus expectorated sputum for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by acid-fast smear.: Am J Infect Control. 1997 Dec;25(6):463-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100137; Merrick ST; Sepkowitz KA; Walsh J; Damson L; McKinley P; Jacobs JL; Division of Infectious Disease, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical; Center, NY 10021, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity of induced versus expectorated sputum for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by acid-fast smear. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of data on patients with cultures from respiratory secretions that were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We analyzed data on
Respiratory isolation in a teaching hospital with low-to-moderate rate of tuberculosis: compliance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for identifying patients who may have active tuberculosis.: Am J Infect Control. 1997 Dec;25(6):467-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100138; White AH; Khatib R; Riederer KM; Flood M; Department of Medicine, St John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit,; MI 48236, USA.; BACKGROUND: Because of the limitation of isolation spaces suitable for tuberculosis, proper use of these spaces is prudent. We examined the current approach to respiratory isolation to determine the compliance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for identifying active tuberculosis. METHODS
Tuberculosis-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [letter]: Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jan 26;158(2):194-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98110015; Baraldes MA; Domingo P; Gonzalez MJ; Aventin A; Coll P
Immunomodulatory role of opioids in the central nervous system.: Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 1997;45(5-6):359-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98100144; Sheng WS; Hu S; Gekker G; Zhu S; Peterson PK; Chao CC; Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, MN 55404, USA.; Endogenous opioid peptides play a variety of roles in the central nervous system (CNS) from development to immune modulation. These functions are mediated mostly via specific opioid receptors uniquely localized in different brain regions and cells. Exogenous opioids can influence and modulate neuronal and glial cell f
Infectious vaccines.: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1998 Jan;122(1):100-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107717; Ross DW; Department of Pathology, Forsyth Memorial Hospital, Winston-Salem, NC; 27103, USA.
Diagnostic implication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus with special reference to the distinction between spindle cell hemangioendothelioma and Kaposi's sarcoma.: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1998 Jan;122(1):72-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98107710; Hisaoka M; Hashimoto H; Iwamasa T; Department of Pathology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University; of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic utility of recently identified Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, also referred to as human herpesvirus 8) in distinction between Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and other types of vascular lesion, especially spindle cell hemangioendothelioma (SCH). DESIGN: We conducted a polymera
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of peptide T for HIV-associated cognitive impairment.: Arch Neurol. 1998 Jan;55(1):41-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98103947; Heseltine PN; Goodkin K; Atkinson JH; Vitiello B; Rochon J; Heaton RK; Eaton EM; Wilkie FL; Sobel E; Brown SJ; Feaster D; Schneider L; Goldschmidts WL; Stover ES; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles; 90033, USA.; BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is a common consequence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and dementia is one of the diseases that defines the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Peptide T (d-ala-peptide-T-amide) has been reported to block the binding of gp120 to br
Varicella-zoster virus retinitis presenting as an acute vitreous hemorrhage [letter]: Arch Ophthalmol. 1998 Jan;116(1):104-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98105996; Lewis JM; Puklin JE
Public perception of cross-infection control in dentistry.: Aust Dent J. 1997 Oct;42(5):291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98073437; Thomson WM; Stewart JF; Carter KD; Spencer AJ; AIHW Dental Statistics and Research Unit, University of Adelaide.; Since the advent of HIV/AIDS at the beginning of the 1980s, concern has generated considerable impetus for change in cross-infection control procedures in dentistry. This process has been hastened partly by media coverage which, in tending to favour sensation over rational discourse, has played a not inconsiderable ro
Regulation of the serine-base exchange enzyme system by CD4: effects of monoclonal antibodies, jacalin, interleukin 16 and the HIV membrane protein gp120.: Biochem J. 1998 Jan 1;329 ( Pt 1):49-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98070206; Dumaurier MJ; Pelassy C; Breittmayer JP; Aussel C; INSERM U343, Hopital de l'Archet, BP 79, 06202 Nice Cedex 03, France.; Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is synthesized by an exchange of the polar head group of phospholipids for a serine residue. The enzyme responsible for this reaction, the serine-base exchange enzyme system (serine-BEES) is inhibited during lymphocyte activation. We show here that triggering the CD4 cell surface molecule i
Human erythrocyte glycolipids promote HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein-mediated fusion of CD4+ cells.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jan 6;242(1):219-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98102812; Puri A; Hug P; Munoz-Barroso I; Blumenthal R; Section on Membrane Structure and Function, NCI-FCRDC, Frederick,; Maryland 21702-1201, USA.; We examined the role of target membrane glycolipids in CD4-mediated HIV-1 fusion by altering the glycolipid levels in CD4+ cells. CD4+ human cells exhibited 50% reduction in extent of fusion with gp120-gp41 expressing cells (TF228) when grown in the presence of a glycolipid synthesis inhibitor PPMP. We added erythrocy
Oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:2 (abstract no. A8). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927572; Owens RC; Patel KB; Nightingale CH; Quintiliani R; Banevicius MA; Nicolau DP; Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT.; Malabsorption syndromes in patients having AIDS have been previously documented to adversely affect orally administered antiinfective treatment selections. The study was designed to determine the oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in patients having AIDS (median CD(4) count 43.5). Eleven males and one female
Effect of three vehicles, Advera, Ensure and chocolate milk, on the bioavailability of an oral liquid formulation of Norvir ritonavir).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:5 (abstract no. A25). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927573; Bertz R; Shi H; Cavanaugh J; Hsu A; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL.; The objective was to evaluate if the bioavailability of ritonavir oral solution was affected when administered after predilution with three different vehicles, Advera, Ensure and chocolate milk, relative to administration with water. This study was a
Absence of interaction between indinavir and fluconazole; a pharmacokinetic study in HIV patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:5 (abstract no. A26). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927574; De Wit S; Turner D; Debier M; Desmet M; McCrea J; Matthews C; Stone J; Carides A; Clumeck N; Merck Research Laboratories, Brussels, Belgium.; To evaluate a potential pharmacokinectic interaction of coadministration of fluconazole (FLU), and indinavir (IDV), an HIV protease inhibitor, 13 patients (Pts) were enrolled in a multiple-dose, 3 period placebo controlled crossover study. Pts were ra
Rifabutin (RBT) reduces saquinavir (SAQ) plasma levels in HIV-infected patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:6 (abstract no. A27). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927575; Sahai J; Stewart F; Swick L; Gallicano K; Garber G; Seguin I; Tucker A; Bristow N; Cameron W; Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; SAQ, a protease inhibitor, is metabolised by CYP 3A4. To investigate the effect of RBT on SAQ pharmacokinetics, 12 HIV-positive men with CD(4) less than 200/mm(3) received SAQ 600 mg TID alone with meals on days 1 to 7 (Period 1), SAQ 600 mg TID RBT 300 mg daily on days 8 to 14 (1 wk of combination; Period 2) and SAQ
Drug interaction potential when HIV+ patients receive protease inhibitors.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:6 (abstract no. A28). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927576; Van Cleef G; Polk RE; Fisher EJ; Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA.; HIV- protease inhibitors (PI) can result in drug interactions with coexisting therapies. Package inserts for saquinavir, ritonavir , and
Interaction of rifabutin (RIF) with the macrolides azithromycin AZM) and clarithromycin (CLA).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:6 (abstract no. A29). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927577; Vincent J; Foulds G; Apseloff G; Laboy-Goral L; Gerber N; Pfizer Central Research, Groton, CT.; RIF, AZM and CLA have all been proposed for prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) in AIDS patients. This study was intended to evaluate the safety of coadministration, and any interaction between RIF and either AZM or CLA in healthy subjects. Subjects (6/group) were to receive 250 mg AZM (500 mg on Day
Effect of ALX40-4C on zidovudine (ZDV) pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:6 (abstract no. A30). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927578; Sahai J; Gallicano K; John L; Garber G; Cameron DW; Clinical Investigation Unit, Ottawa General Hospital, Ontario, Canada.; ALX40-4C, a new tat inhibitor is in phase II of its development. The effect of ALX40-4C on ZDV pharmacokinetics was studied in 13 patients who concurrently received ALX40-4C intravenously every other day for 28 days and ZDV 200 mg Q8H for the 28 day study period. Each patient was assigned to one of four ALX40-4C doses
The effect of food and gastric pH on the oral bioavailability of itraconazole in HIV+ patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:6 (abstract no. A31). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927579; Carver P; Welage L; Kauffman C; University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Medical School, Ann Arbor,; MI.; The oral bioavailability of pH-dependent drugs such as itraconazole (ITRA) in HIV+ patients is often poor. Glutamic acid GA) can decrease pH in HIV-infected subjects with elevated gastric pH. 20 HIV+ patients were enrolled in a randomized, 4-way crossover study to assess the impact of food and gastric pH on the oral b
Interaction of cimetidine and probenecid with valaciclovir and its metabolite acyclovir.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:6 (abstract no. A32). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927580; De Bony F; Bidault R; Tod M; On N; Rolan P; Hopital Avicenne, Bobigny, France.; Oral valaciclovir (VACV), the L-valine ester of acyclovir (ACV), provides ACV bioavailability 3-5 fold greater than oral ACV. ACV is 90 percent eliminated in urine with renal clearance (CLr) approximately 3 times GFR. An interaction was performed in 12 healthy subjects following
Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics (IP) of isoniazid (INH) at steady state.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:10 (abstract no. A49). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927581; Conte JE Jr; Lee B; Delahunty T; Lin E; Zurlinden E; Duncan S; McKenna E; Golden JA; University of California, San Francisco, CA.; 53 (age 35 plus or minus 8 yrs; 30 men, 23 women; 16 HIV+, 37 HIV-, 25 slow acetylators, 28 fast acetylators) of 80 volunteer subjects without tuberculosis have been enrolled in a study of the IP of orally administered INH at steady state. The study is designed (8 subgroups of 10 subjects each) to measure the effect o
Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics (IP) of rifampin (RIF) at steady state.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:10 (abstract no. A50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927582; Conte JE Jr; Golden JA; Duncan S; McKenna E; Lin E; Zurlinden E; University of California, San Francisco, CA.; 15 (age 33 plus or minus 7 yrs; 8 men, 7 women; 2 HIV+, 13 HIV-) of 40 volunteer subjects without tuberculosis have been enrolled in a study of the IP of orally administered RIF at steady state. The study is designed (4 groups of 10 subjects each) to measure the effect of gender and HIV status on peak (C(peak)) plasma
Population pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ganciclovir GCV) in HIV and CMV infected children.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:10 (abstract no. A51). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927583; Capparelli EV; Frenkel LM; Dankner W; Wei LJ; Xu J; Spector S; Connor J; Ballow A; Mohan K; Robinson C; Shaver A; Rich K; Thompson M; Read J; Wirkus C; Balsley J; Culnane M; Mcintosh K; Roche Pharmaceuticals.; In spite of limited bioavailability (less than 10 percent), oral ganciclovir (GCV) has been shown to be effective in prophylaxis against CMV disease in adults with advanced HIV infection. We performed a population analysis of GCV bioavailability and pharmacokine
Comparative study of dapsone plasma levels in HIV+ patients and healthy volunteers using a population approach.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:10 (abstract no. A52). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927584; Gatti G; Guerra M; Miletich F; Gatti C; Cruciani M; Bassetti D; First Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Genoa, Italy.; Objective: The effect of HIV infection on the absorption of orally administered drugs appears unpredictable. The purpose of this study was to compare the plasma levels of dapsone (D) at 12 hours following administration of a 100-mg dose in healthy volunteers and HIV+ patients. Methods: Plasma concentrations of D were
Prevalence of slow acetylator phenotype in Italian HIV+ patients and healthy volunteers.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:10 (abstract no. A53). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927585; Gatti G; Guerra M; Malena M; Cruciani M; Bassetti D; First Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Genoa, Italy.; It is subject of debate whether the prevalence of slow acetylator phenotype increases in HIV+ patients as a consequence of factors such as concurrent infections, nutritional status and drug administration. We used dapsone to determine the acetylation phenotype in 19 healthy volunteers and 53 patients with HIV infectio
Pharmacokinetic study of itraconazole in patients with advanced HIV infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:11 (abstract no. A54). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927586; Zhou H; Lee P; Moore LR; Wu J; Woestenborghs R; Hassell AE; Sachdev OP; Moskovitz BL; Janssen Research Foundation, Titusville, NJ.; The objectives of this study were the determination and comparison of steady-state itraconazole (ITR) plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients after IV infusions and after two different ITR oral doses following the infusions. Thirty HIV-infected patients with CD4 lymphocyte counts less than 300 cells/cu mm were
Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of ALX40-4C in HIV-infected patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:11 (abstract no. A55). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927587; Sahai J; Filion L; Payette P; Garber G; Cameron W; Clinical Investigation Unit, Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario,; Canada.; ALX40-4C, a new tat-inhibitor, was administered intravenously over 20 minutes every other day for 28 days to 4 groups of 8 patients in a phase 1B, dose-escalation study. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12-h on days 1 and 29 for ALX40-4C quantitation by ELISA. Pharmacokinetic
Effects of Helicobacter pylori (HP) treatment on gastric pH and delavirdine mesylate (DLV) pharmacokinetics in HIV+ patients with gastric hypoacidity (GH).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:11 (abstract no. A56). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927588; Akbari B; Shelton MJ; Adams JM; Hewitt RG; Morse GD; State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.; HIV+ patients with GH (pH greater than or equal to 3.0) malabsorb DLV. If GH in HIV+ patients is a consequence of infection with HP, eradication may result in a decrease in gastric pH and an increase in DLV absorption. Of 35 patients receiving chronic DLV 300 mg TID) in an extended use protocol, 5 subjects with GH and
Steady-state (SS) pharmacokinetics (PK) of delavirdine (DLV) in HIV+ patients: in vivo effect of DLV on the erythromycin breath test (ERMBT).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:11 (abstract no. A57). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927589; Cheng CL; Smith DE; Cox SR; Watkins PB; Blake DS; Carver PL; Kauffman CA; Meyer K; Amidon GL; Stetson PL; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.; Background: The single-dose PK of DLV cannot be used to accurately predict its SS plasma levels. The causes of this phenomenon are unclear, but it may be due, in part, to nonlinearities in DLV metabolism. Thus, this study was performed to evaluate the SS PK of DLV and the in vivo effect of DLV on hepatic cytochrome P4
Sensitive and non-radioactive palindromic oligonucleotide-directed enzymatic determination of 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dNTPs) and antiviral drug triphosphates in human cells.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:11 (abstract no. A58). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927590; Zhang H; Wood OL; Papermaster S; Nielsen C; Ussery MA; Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD.; High sensitivity (10(-4)-10(-8)M) HPLC analysis of dNTPs, especially in human peripheral and cord blood mononuclear cells, is difficult using only UV detection. DNA synthesis directed by a palindromic oligonucleotide precursor has therefore been investigated as a means of enhancing the sensitivity for the paired ion H
Clinical evaluation of intracellular zidovudine-triphosphate ZDV-TP) as a determinant of anti-HIV response.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:19 (abstract no. A97). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927591; Fletcher CV; Kawle SP; Page LM; Remmel RP; Acosta EP; Henry K; Erice A; Balfour HH Jr; University of Minnesota Academic Health Center, Minneapolis, MN.; ZDV-TP is the intracellular anabolite of zidovudine (ZDV) that inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase (RT). Therefore, the intracellular concentration of ZDV-TP rather than plasma ZDV may be a better predictor of anti-HIV effect. We performed serial measurements of intracellular ZDV-TP, plasma ZDV, and CD4 lymphocytes in
Interaction between Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and intestinal mucosal cells in vivo.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:26 (abstract no. B25). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927592; Hsu N; Goodman JR; Young LS; Bermudez LE; Kuzell Institute, San Francisco, CA.; Organisms of the MAC cause bacteremic, disseminated disease in patients with AIDS. The gastrointestinal tract appears to be the major route of infection. To examine the interaction of MAC strains with the intestinal mucosa in vivo, we established a murine model using a ligated segment of a blood perfused terminal ileu
In vivo efficacy of aminosidine (AMS) and rifabutin (RFB) in the prophylaxis of disseminated M. avium complex (DMAC) in mice.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:30 (abstract no. B46). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927593; Kanyok TP; Diaz-Linares M; Onwuta U; Daneluzzi D; University of Illinois, Chicago, IL.; We compared the in vivo efficacy of AMS, a non-absorbable aminoglycoside antibiotic, versus RFB which is currently approved for the prevention of DMAC. The beige (C57BL/bg/bg) mouse model was used to evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of AMS and RFB. Mice were divided into six groups. Groups 1 and 2 started prophylaxi
Activity of 22 different anti-Mycobacterium avium regimens and selection of mutants in the beige mouse model.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:30 (abstract no. B47). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927594; Fattorini L; Xiao Y; Mattei M; Iona E; Ricci ML; Thoresen O; Alfarone G; Orefici G; Lab. of Bact. and Med. Mycol., Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; The in vivo activity of clarithromycin (CLA) and other drugs against M. avium was tested in the beige mouse model following intraperitoneal infection of animals with 1x10(7) CFUs (strain 905). One day after infection mice were treated with a daily injection of CLA, amikacin (AMI), ethambutol (EMB), isoniazid INH), cip
Comparison of fluconazole (Flu), amphotericin B(AmB), 5-fluoro-cytosine (5FC), and the combination of flu and 5FC for the treatment of Candida albicans endocarditis, endophthalmitis, and renal disease in rabbits.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:30 (abstract no. B48). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927595; Louie A; Liu W; Miller D; Madu C; Liu Q; Drusano G; Miller M; Albany Medical College, Albany, NY.; Purpose: To compare the efficacy of Flu, AmB, and 5FC monotherapies with the combination of Flu and 5FC in a rabbit model of C. albicans endocarditis, endophthalmitis, and pyelonephritis. The dose of Flu used was that which resulted in an area-under-the-concentration-curve in rabbits that are seen in humans who receiv
Serial isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from individual AIDS patients differ in organ persistence during experimental murine infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:30 (abstract no. B49). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927596; Fries BC; Casadevall A; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.; We recently described minor karyotype changes in serial C. neoformans isolates from patients with AIDS (Fries et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. in press). This suggested that karyotype changes may be associated with differences in virulence. To test this hypothesis A/J mice were infected with a 1:1 mixture of early (a) and
Efficacy of fluconazole (FCZ) alone or in combination with azithromycin (AZI) or rifabutin (RIF) against systemic murine Cryptococcosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:30 (abstract no. B50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927597; Clemons KV; Minn AY; Aristizabal BH; Stevens DA; California Institute of Medical Research, San Jose, CA.; We previously reported that FCZ in combination with AZI or RIF shows synergy in vitro against Cryptococcus neoformans. A systemic model of cryptococcosis was established in male BALB/c mice by i.v. injection of C. neoformans isolate 92-166 or 92-274. Three days later, mice received either no Rx, AZI at 200 mg/kg or RI
The activity of pradimicin (BMS-181184) in experimental invasive aspergillosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:31 (abstract no. B51). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927598; Patterson TF; Kirkpatrick WR; McAtee RK; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; BMS-181184, a pradimicin derivative, was evaluated in an immunosuppressed temporarily neutropenic rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis. Pradimicin at 50 or 75 mg/kg IV once daily (Prad 50 or 75) was compared to pradimicin 50 mg/kg three times daily Prad 50 x 3) and IV amphotericin (AmB) at 1.0 mg/kg/d. Therapy was b
AmBisome treatment and the phagocytic capacity of the mononuclear phagocyte system.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:31 (abstract no. B52). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927599; Van Etten E; Ten Kate MT; Bakker-Woudenberg I; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Clinical Microbiology, The; Netherlands.; AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B, NeXstar Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), is used for the treatment of fungal infections in patients that are often severely immunocompromised. In these patients the resident macrophages of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) play a major role in the defense against infections. After iv ad
Identification of the Topoisomerase I gene of C. neoformans.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:35 (abstract no. C10). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927600; Del Poeta M; Rude T; Perfect JR; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.; Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients. Despite therapy with common antifungal agents, there is a large number of treatment failures. Molecular studies of C. neoformans are essential to improve the understanding of pathogenesis and
Effect of Voriconazole (UK-109,496) on the sterol biosynthesis of Candida albicans and Candida krusei.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:46 (abstract no. C65). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927601; Sanati H; Belanger PH; Fratti RA; Ghannoum MA; Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center,; Torrance, CA.; Voriconazole (VOR) is a novel triazole derivative with potent broad-spectrum antifungal activity against various fungi including those that are resistant to fluconazole (FLU) such a C. krusei. In this study we compared the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of VOR and FLU on sterol biosynthesis of FLU-sensitive an
The new triazole, voriconazole (UK-109,496) inhibits the growth of Candida krusei and its interaction with endothelial cells.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:46 (abstract no. C66). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927602; Fratti RA; Belanger PH; Ibrahim AS; Sanati H; Ghannoum MA; Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center,; Torrance, CA.; Candida krusei is an emerging opportunistic pathogen which is intrinsically resistant to fluconazole. Animal studies have shown that, compared to fluconazole, the new broad spectrum antifungal triazole, voriconazole, has enhanced efficacy against in vivo C. krusei systemic infections. In this study we compared the eff
Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of fluconazole on surface hydrophobicity and adhesion of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:46 (abstract no. C67). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927603; Hazen KC; Wu GQ; University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA.; Fluconazole (FLUC) is commonly used antifungal agent to treat yeast infections and for prophylaxis. When Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis were exposed to subinhibitory concentrations 0.5 or 0.75 x MIC) of FLUC, they exhibited impaired bud separation and, depending on the test medium, altered morphology. When ye
Amino acid variations of cytochrome P450-dependent lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (P450LDM) from fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:46 (abstract no. C68). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927604; Manavathu EK; Kallakuri S; Arganoza MT; Pierson C; Vazquez JA; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.; Emergence of resistance to fluconazole (FLZ) among clinical isolates of Candida albicans may severely compromise the effective clinical use of this antifungal against opportunistic yeast infections. We therefore examined six FLZ-resistant clinical isolates of C. albicans obtained from the Detroit Medical Center for th
Mutations in the Candida albicans cytochrome P450 14alpha-demethylase gene (CYP51A1) conferring increased resistance to azole antifungal agents.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:46 (abstract no. C69). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927605; Sanglard D; Ischer F; Bille J; Institut de Microbiologie, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne,; Switzerland.; With the increasing use of azole antifungal agents in the treatment of fungal infections, emergence of resistance to these agents has been observed by many investigators. We have used fluconazole resistant C. albicans isolates from AIDS patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis as tools to investigate the molecular basi
Monooxygenase-like sequence of a Rhodococcus equi gene conferring rifampin inactivating ability and increased resistance to this antibiotic.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:52 (abstract no. C103). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927606; Andersen SJ; Quan S; Dabbs ER; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Rifampin is one of the principal chemotherapeutic agents used to combat infections by species of Mycobacterium, Nocardia, and Rhodococcus. Recently it has been demonstrated that part of the response of these organisms to challenge with this antibiotic involves an inactivation process. Four mechanisms have been identif
Factors associated with development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) in Texas.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:55 (abstract no. C117). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927607; Bloom AS; Taylor JP; Ostroff SM; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.; Sporadic cases of MDRTB in Texas have been documented since the late 1980s. Since risk factors for MDRTB in Texas have not been well studied and are likely to differ from those described among urban, East Coast AIDS patients, a retrospective study was conducted to identify these factors. Medical and public health reco
Mono-rifampin resistant tuberculosis, New York City.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:55 (abstract no. C118). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927608; Munsiff SS; Joseph SM; Frieden TR; Bureau of TB Control, New York, NY.; Objective: Rifampin is essential for short course chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Recent reports suggest an increased risk of resistance to rifampin only (mono-RIF resistance) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with tuberculosis TB). We evaluated the epidemiology of mono-RIF resistant tuberculosis i
Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in New Jersey, 1991-1995.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:55 (abstract no. C119). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927609; Liu Z; Shilkret KL; Finelli L; New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ.; The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the major threats to the control and prevention of TB in the United States . In a nationwide survey in the first quarter of 1991, the proportion of MDR-TB (resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin) in New Jersey (6.6%)
Strain relatedness of Candida albicans (CA) isolates from the oral cavities of HIV-infected individuals and their partners.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:57 (abstract no. C132). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927610; Barchiesi F; Arzeni D; Nuzzo M; Falconi Di Francesco L; Fiorentini A; Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of; Ancona, Italy.; Aim: To study the rate of cross-infection or -colonization of CA oral isolates in HIV-infected patients and their partners. Methods: Eight heterosexual stable couples were monitored monthly by oral swab cultures through a 4 month period. Four couples had both partners seropositive or AIDS (HIV+/HIV+group), while four
Mechanism of action of PA-824, a new nitroimidazopyran with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:59 (abstract no. C142). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927611; Vandevanter DR; Warrener P; Hickey MJ; Stover CK; Sherman DR; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; The biochemical effects of PA-824, a new nitroimidazopyran with activity against both sensitive and multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, were studied by radioisotope incorporation into macromolecules of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (an avirulent surrogate of M. tuberculosis). At concentrations that inhibited ex
Rapid detection of rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a RNA/RNA mismatch assay.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:60 (abstract no. C143). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927612; Nash KA; Inderlied CB; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.; Rifampin (RIF) and isoniazid remain the most effective antimicrobial agents available for treatment of tuberculosis and the rapid and sensitive detection of rifampin resistance (RIF-R) in M. tuberculosis (Mtb) has significant value for patient care and TB control. In addition, RIF-R is considered a surrogate marker fo
Emergence of Mycobacterium avium (MAC) populations resistant to macrolides during experimental chemotherapy.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:60 (abstract no. C145). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927613; Bermudez LE; Petrofsky M; Kolonoski P; Young LS; Kuzell Institute, CPMCRI, San Francisco, CA.; Macrolide resistance is an emerging problem in AIDS patients who receive these agents for treatment or prophylaxis against MAC infection. We compared the emergence of MAC resistant-strains during therapy with clarithromycin (CLA, defined as MIC greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) and azithromycin (AZI, defined
Accuracy of C-reactive protein (CRP) in diagnosing bacterial infection in HIV patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:61 (abstract no. D5). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927614; Bernard L; Timsit JF; Bedos JP; Bruneel F; Wolff M; Regnier B; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.; Diagnosing bacterial infection (BI) in HIV patients admitted in ICU could be difficult as many other processes might explain sepsis in such patients. Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of CRP in predicting bacterial infection in ICU HIV-infected patients admitted with sepsis. Methods: During a 6-month period, all HIV patie
Usefulness of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) pleural effusion.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:62 (abstract no. D10). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927615; Olavegogeascoechea P; Duran A; Alonso C; Borgarelli C; Grassini P; Saenz C; Vazquez M; Tessone J; Internal Medicine Department, Ramos Mejia Hopital, Buenos Aires,; Argentina.; Objectives: To determine the clinical value of ADA in the diagnosis of pleural effusion due to TB also determine the cut off value in our laboratory and its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Methods: We studied all pleural exudate (by Light criteria) admitted between Ju
Recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens in the Bactec 9000MB versus 460TB systems.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:69 (abstract no. D50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927616; Bemer-Melchior P; Moinard D; Lemetayer C; Laboratory of Bacteriology, University Hospital, Nantes, France.; The radiometric Bactec 460TB system is at present time the most efficient culture procedure for the rapid detection of mycobacteria. Nevertheless, this system, not fully automatic, involves radioactivity waste disposal problems. In this work, the Bactec 9000MB automated non-radioactive system was compared to the Bacte
Comparison of the BACTEC fluorescent 9000 MB system, Septi-Check AFB and Lowenstein-Jensen medium for detection of mycobacteria.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:69 (abstract no. D51). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927617; Van Griethuysen AJ; Jansz AR; Buiting AG; Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, St. Elisabeth; Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.; The newly developed BACTEC fluorescent 9000 MB system (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, Sparks, MD) for automated culture of mycobacteria was compared with the Septi-Check AFB system (SC) (Becton Dickinson) and Lowenstein-Jensen medium (LJ). A total of 2,005 clinical, mainly respiratory, specimens were
A novel hot start method for the specific and sensitive co-amplification of 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences from M. tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:69 (abstract no. D52). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927618; McKinney N; Young KK; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Alameda, CA.; Rapid diagnosis and timely information on the drug susceptibility of the etiological agent are critical for the effective management of tuberculosis. Amplification by PCR of the 16S rRNA gene can be used to detect and identify M. tuberculosis directly from sputum. Similarly, amplification of the rpoB gene followed by
Rapid species determination of mycobacteria other than tubercle MOTT) bacilli by SDS-PAGE.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:69 (abstract no. D53). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927619; Wali JP; Xess I; Rattan A; Jaber M; Singh S; Rao DN; Kumar R; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; A rapid method of identification of MOTT bacilli: SDS-PAGE Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) was compared with conventional culture and biochemical reactions. Out of 3681 clinical samples processed from 1992-94, 117 samples were culture positive for mycobacteria. 19/117 samples were identifie
A species-specific test for M. kansasii using thermal Strand Displacement Amplification.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:70 (abstract no. D54). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927620; McCaslin RB; Williams KC; Foxall P; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD.; Nucleic acid sequence diversity in M. kansasii isolates necessitate the groups of strains into two subgroups: typical and atypical. Both strains may cause disseminated pulmonary disease in immune compromised patients. Ideally, any commercial diagnostic kit claiming to be specific for M. kansasii should identify both s
Identification of a M. kansasii specific DNA fragment.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:70 (abstract no. D55). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927621; You Q; McCaslin RB; Foxall P; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD.; Mycobacterium kansasii can be classified into two subgroups, typical and atypical, with distinguishable DNA sequence variations between them. Both typical and atypical strains may cause disseminated pulmonary disease in immunocompromised patients. Due to the heterogeneity between these two subgroups, commercial diagno
Screening with fluorochrome-stained smears from stool samples for the diagnosis of disseminated infection caused by mycobacteria in patients with AIDS.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:70 (abstract no. D56). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927622; Palacios RG; Gomez-Herruz P; Cuadros JA; Romanyk J; Beltran M; Valls V; Servicio de Microbiologia, Hospital Principe de Asturias, Alcala de; Henares, Madrid, Spain.; Objective: To determine the usefulness of routine processing of stool samples for the diagnosis of disseminated infection caused by mycobacteria. Methods: From January 1994 to December 1995 fluorochrome-staining was made directly from stool samples of HIV infected patients with suspected disseminated infection caused
Serologic diagnosis of tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:70 (abstract no. D57). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927623; Mejia CR; Terraza S; Taracena AM; Elgueta R; Ramirez C; Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala.; Objective: To determine sensitivity and specificity of the detection of antibodies against mycobacterial antigens for the presence of active tuberculous disease in an endemic area. Materials and Methods: 85 patients with a definitive diagnosis of active tuberculosis (biopsy, culture or sputum smear) were examined for
Temporal changes in the predictive value of the acid fast (AFB) smear for tuberculosis: impact on the utility of nucleic acid amplification tests.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:70 (abstract no. D58). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927624; Yajko DM; Madej JJ; Ng VL; Hadley WK; University of California, San Francisco, CA.; When the use of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) is restricted to AFB smear positive respiratory specimens, such tests offer little advantage over the AFB smear in settings where the predictive value (PV) of the AFB smear for tuberculosis is high. We previously reported (Clin. Infect. Dis, 1994, 19:334-6) that
A strain of Mycobacterium with two different 16S rRNA genes.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:70 (abstract no. D59). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927625; Ninet B; Monod M; Emler S; Pawlowsky J; Metral C; Rohner P; Auckenthaler R; Hirschel B; Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland.; 16S rDNA sequencing is an established method used to identify bacteria, in particular mycobacteria. Unique sequences allow identification of a particular genus and species. If more than one 16S rRNA gene is present on one mycobacterial genome, their sequences are strictly or almost identical. We isolated a slow growin
The role of bone marrow biopsy (BM) and culture (BMCx) versus blood culture (BCx) in the evaluation of HIV-infected patients for mycobacterial infections.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:71 (abstract no. D60). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927626; Kilby JM; Marques MB; Jaye DL; Tabereaux PB; Reddy VB; Waites KB; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL.; Background: Little is known about the usefulness of BM/BMCx compared with other studies for the work-up of HIV-infected patients with possible mycobacterial infections. Objective: Compare clinical experience with concurrently obtained BM/BMCx and BCx for M. tuberculosis (MTB) and M. avium complex (MAC). Methods: All B
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of microsporidian DNA in gastrointestinal biopsies of HIV-infected patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:71 (abstract no. D61). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927627; Franzen C; Muller A; Hartmann P; Hegener P; Salzberger B; Diehl V; Fatkenheuer G; University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; Introduction: PCR has been developed for the detection of microsporidian DNA in different biological samples. The aim of this study was to affirm the accuracy of PCR for microsporidian DNA in gastrointestinal biopsies for the diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis in
Diagnostic utility of non-culture laboratory tests for disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) in AIDS patients in a nonendemic region.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:73 (abstract no. D71). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927628; Jones KD; Hwang DC; Paddock CD; Yajko DM; Hadley WK; Ng VL; University of California, San Francisco, CA.; The increasing use on non-culture tests for the rapid diagnosis of DH in acutely ill advanced AIDS patients (e.g., serum ferritin levels, abnormalities noted on histograms of peripheral blood analyzed by automated hematology cell counters, microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears, buffy coat preparations, or
Evaluation of PCR technique for diagnosing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV positive patients using oropharyngeal washings.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:73 (abstract no. D72). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927629; Lundgren B; Benfield T; Lundgren JD; Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Routine diagnosis of PCP requires either bronchoscopy or induced sputum. Less invasive and less labour intensive diagnostic methods are required. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of identifying P. carinii in oropharyngeal washing (OW) by PCR. We prospectively collected OW on cons
Comparison of the RapID yeast plus system with the API 20C for the identification of established, new and emergent yeasts.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:79 (abstract no. D107). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927630; Espinel-Ingroff A; Pincus D; Marler J; Makkar R; Monroe D; Jernigan D; Fox J; Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA.; The ability to identify yeast isolates by the new enzymatic RapID Yeast Plus System (RapID) was compared with the API 20C System. A total of 196 isolates from several clinical laboratories included: Blastoschizomyces capitatus, Candida (16 species), Cryptococcus (5 species), Hansenlaspora (2 species), Hansenula anomal
Evaluation of three commercial identification systems with clinically significant Vibrio species.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:79 (abstract no. D108). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927631; Carnahan A; Ali A; Kriss J; Daugherty S; Hayat A; Johnson RJ; Johnson JA; University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.; Seventy-three isolates of clinically significant Vibrios representing 11 species were conventionally identified. These included 25 Vibrio cholerae including serogroup O139 (n=5), 01 n=10) and other serogroups (n=10); V. parahaemolyticus (n=10); V. vulnificus (n=10); others (n=28). Each isolate was then identified usin
Comparison of automated DNA sequence analysis with a line probe assay (LiPA) kit to characterize rpoB mutations in rifampin-resistant (RIF') Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates from New York City.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:79 (abstract no. D109). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927632; Cooksey R; Morlock G; Glickman S; Crawford J; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control; and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.; From a collection of 367 single-patient isolates of Mtb collected during a one-month survey (April 1994) in New York City, 53 isolates (14.4%) were RIF by agar proportion testing. We evaluated these cultures for genotypic variability in a 69-bp hypervariable region of the rpoB gene frequently associated with RIF resi
Rapid killing of Mycobacerium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain H37Ra by beta-lactam antibiotics.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:79 (abstract no. D110). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927633; Mirzanejad Y; Stratton C; Jenkins F; Kernodle D; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.; Although it was shown in the 1940 s that under certain culture conditions, penicillin inhibits the growth of Mtb, there has been little motivation to explore the potential utility of beta-lactams in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) while multiple effective therapeutic agents were available. However, increases in mul
Utilization of potassium tellurite by rapidly growing mycobacteria as a means of drug-susceptibility testing.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:80 (abstract no. D111). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927634; Afghani B; Stutman HR; Memorial Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach, CA.; Atypical mycobacteria are emerging as an important cause of infection, especially in immunocompromised patients. Rapid and simple methods of drug-susceptibility testing are therefore, needed. Some mycobacterial species, such as Mycobacterium avium and rapidly growing mycobacteria have been shown to reduce potassium te
Immunocapture facilitates detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the luciferase reporter mycobacteriophage.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:80 (abstract no. D112). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927635; Riska PF; Glatman-Freedman A; Casadevall A; Bloom BR; Jacobs WR Jr; Chan J; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.; We have recently developed a luciferase reporter phage LRP)-based assay that can detect M. tuberculosis (Mtb) and characterize drug susceptibility patterns of these isolates in 1-2 days. The application of this system to clinical samples have been limited by: a) the presence of factor(s) inhibitory to the LRP reaction
A preliminary method to perform susceptibility testing using the BBL MGIT mycobacteria growth indicator tube from BACTEC MYCO/F-Sputa culture vials.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:80 (abstract no. D113). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927636; Hagemann PA; Kodsi SE; Sturm KM; Stitt DT; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD.; Susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using the BBL MGIT tube has been previously reported. Inoculum for this system can be taken from solid media (Lowenstein-Jensen slants), BACTEC 12B vials (greater than or equal to 500 GI) or positive MGIT tubes. We now report a preliminary method for performin
Susceptibility testing with Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube MGIT).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:80 (abstract no. D114). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927637; Rusch-Gerdes S; Cieslack C; National Reference Center for Mycobacteria, Borstel, Germany.; The BBL Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) contains 4 ml of an enriched Middlebrook 7H9 broth and an oxygen sensitive fluorescent indicator embedded in silicone on the bottom of the tube. The presence of oxygen dissolved in the broth medium quenches emissions from the compound. Actively growing mycobacteria con
Determination of critical concentrations for susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis in the ESP culture system II.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:80 (abstract no. D115). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927638; Sweeney M; Pivirotto S; Plaunt M; Simon B; Heifits L; Difco Laboratories, Research and Development Center, Ann Arbor, MI.; In a dual center study, six wild-type drug sensitive M. tuberculosis (Mtb) strains were tested in the ESP Culture System II with eleven antituberculosis drugs at various concentrations. Instrument and plate count MIC results were determined at the time to detection (TID) for each strain. MIC ranges for the six strains
Evaluation of E-test for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacteria other than tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:80 (abstract no. D116). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927639; Melin P; Dirickx C; Godefroid O; De Mol P; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liege, Liege, Belgium.; The use of E-test (ET) strips was investigated for rifampin RIF), ethambutol (eth)and isoniazid (inh) by testing 17 clinical and 2 quality control M. tuberculosis (M.t.) strains and, for ethambutol ciprofloxacin (cip) and clarithromycin (cla) by testing 21 clinical Mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT). M.t. iso
Mycobacteria susceptibility testing with the MB/BacT culture system.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:81 (abstract no. D117). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927640; Barron WG; Moles RE; Organon Teknika Corporation, Durham, NC.; Because of the increase in mycobacterial infections and antibiotic resistance, the need for rapid and accurate susceptibility testing has become important. Preliminary studies with the MB/BacT Culture System, an automated system for detection of mycobacteria, have been conducted to develop a rapid and accurate means f
Are polyene and azole antifungal combinations antagonistic in vitro?: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:89 (abstract no. E46). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927641; Ramani A; Louie A; Ramani R; Drusano GL; Taber H; Sheyagani M; Miller MH; Albany Medical College, Albany, NY.; The incidence of systemic infections due to Candida albicans is increasing and despite antifungal therapy mortality remains greater than 50%. Antifungal agents used in combination may improve efficacy, reduce side effects and decrease duration of therapy. However, in vitro studies have indicated that combination of az
Correlation of in vitro susceptibility testing with clinical outcome in fluconazole-treated AIDS patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:90 (abstract no. E47). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927642; Blazquez R; Berenguer J; Martinez-Suarez JV; Padilla B; Bouza E; Rodriguez-Tudela JL; Hospital General Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain.; Study design: We prospectively evaluate 78 episodes of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in 72 AIDS patients at baseline and after 7 days of fluconazole (FLZ) therapy (100 mg/d). The clinical evaluation included quantification of OPC using a lesion score (LS) that assigns 1 point to each region of the mouth and pharynx
In vitro activity of terbinafine in combination with triazole drugs against fluconazole resistant Candida species.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:91 (abstract no. E.56). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927643; Rodero L; Vitale R; Hochenfellner F; Canteros C; Davel G; Dto. Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Microbiologia.; Therapeutic failure with azole drugs, specially in relapse oral candidosis in HIV patients, may be to host factors that play a significant role in the response or in same cases due to the development of resistant strains to these antifungals. Because of the appearance of azole resistance in Candida strains associated
In vitro response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) to novel antimicrobic combinations.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:92 (abstract no. E63). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927644; Isenberg HD; France K; Alperstein P; Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY.; Resistant strains of MTB (25 and 3 controls) and the same number of MAI were tested against ampicillin/sulbactam (AMSU) azithromycin (AZI), and trovafloxacin (TRO) singly and in combination with one and both other agents. Concentrations tested by agar dilution in Middlebrook 7H11 supplemented agar were 0.5, 8, 32 micr
Effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) to azithromycin (AZ), clarithromycin (CLA), and erythromycin (ERY).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:93 (abstract no. E65). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927645; Ellis LC; Rashad AL; Loveless MO; Sykes R; Jacobs S; Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR.; Several features of the mycobacterial cell wall inhibit penetration and contribute to the intrinsic resistance of these organisms. DMSO has been demonstrated to enhance the cell wall permeability of mycobacteria and thereby enhance susceptibility of mycobacteria both in vitro and in vivo. Objective: Determination of t
In vitro activity of antituberculosis drugs against Mycobacteria spp isolated in Sao Paulo, Brazil.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:93 (abstract no. E66). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927646; Mendes C; Huey C; Sader H; Francisco W; Laboratorio Fleury, Sao Paulo, Brazil.; Ten antituberculosis drugs were tested to verify the in vitro activity against 124 strains of Mycobacteria spp isolated from different clinical specimens. The following drugs were tested: isoniazid (INH), streptomycin (SM), p-amino salycilic acid (PAS), ethambutol (EM), ethionamide (ETA), kanamycin (KM), rifampicin RF
In vitro anti-cryptosporidial activity of macrolides alone and in combination with other drugs.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:94 (abstract no. E70). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927647; Giacometti A; Cirioni O; Del Prete SM; Barchiesi F; Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Ancona, Italy.; Objectives: We investigated the in vitro activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin and spiramycin alone or combined with pyrimethamyne, dapsone, atovaquone, artemisin and mynocycline against C. parvum. Methods: Oocysts of C. parvum were isolated from stools of ten different AIDS patients. Macrolides were
Antibacterial activity of zidovudine (ZDV) and didanosine (ddI) against blood clinical isolates of non-typhi Salmonella.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:98 (abstract no. E93). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927648; Calderon C; Valdezate S; Sierra MP; Casado JL; Moreno A; De Rafael L; Martinez-Beltran J; Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.; Decrease in frequency of Salmonella bacteremia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been suggested to be the result of ZDV use. Antibacterial activities of ZDV and ddI were studied against 88 non-typhi Salmonella blood isolates obtained from 46 HIV infected and 32 non-HIV infected patients
L-743,872, a novel antifungal lipopeptide: synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new aza-substituted pneumocandins.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:104 (abstract no. F27). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927649; Bouffard FA; Dropinski JF; Balkovec JM; Black RM; Hammond ML; Nollstadt KH; Dreikorn S; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ.; Cationic derivatives of pneumocandin B(O) have been shown to be potent inhibitors of beta-1,3-glucan. L-733,560, a bisamine, exhibits potent fungicidal activity in rodent models of systemic candidiasis, aspergillosis, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia J. Med. Chem. 37,222-5, 1994). L-733,560 incorporates a hemiaminal
In vitro activity of L-743,872 against putatively amphotericin B AmB) and fluconazole (Flu)-resistant Candida isolates.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:104 (abstract no. F28). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927650; Nelson PW; Lozano-Chiu M; Rex JH; University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX.; L-743,872 is a novel water-soluble pneumocandin antifungal with potent activity against Candida isolates. We tested the activity of L-743,872 against a collection of putatively AmB- and Flu-resistant (R) isolates by comparison to a larger group of Candida isolates with low MICs for these drugs. Study organisms include
Antifungal susceptibility testing of Merck L-743,872 against a broad range of fungi.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:105 (abstract no. F29). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927651; Fothergill AW; Sutton DA; Rinaldi MG; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; Merck s L-743,872, an investigational pneumocandin, was evaluated against 155 clinical isolates consisting of systemic dimorphic fungi (40), aspergilli (25), dermatophytes (10), fusaria (5), opportunistic dermatiaceous fungi (15), Candida spp. (50) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (10). Susceptibility testi
In vitro antifungal activity of L-743,872, a new pneumocandin, against sensitive and resistant Torulopsis and Candida species.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:105 (abstract no. F30). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927652; Vazquez JA; Boikov D; Lynch ME; Sobel JD; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.; The antifungal activity of a new water soluble pneumocandin L-743,872 was evaluated in 108 clinical strains of Candida and Torulopsis including 25 strains with known multi-azole resistance patterns. In vitro evaluation was performed, and compared to amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and flucytos
In vitro studies with L-743,872, a water soluble pneumocandin: a comparative study.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:105 (abstract no. F31). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927653; Espinel-Ingroff A; Medical College of Virginia, VCU, Richmond, VA.; The in vitro antifungal activity and spectrum of the new pneumocandin L-743,872 (L, Merck) was compared with those of amphotericin B (A), fluconazole (FI), and itraconazole (I). MICs were performed by the NCCLS microdilution method (M27-T) with 45 pathogenic yeasts (Candida spp. including C. [Torulopsis] glabrata, Cry
In vitro preclinical evaluation studies with pneumocandin antifungal L-743872.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:105 (abstract no. F32). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927654; Bartizal K; Flattery A; Lynch L; Pacholok C; Gill CJ; Rosen H; Scott P; Kropp H; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ.; Pneumocandin L-743,872 is a highly water soluble lipopeptide that has demonstrated potent preclinical activity against Candida spp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Pneumocystis carinii. Extensive in vitro susceptibility testing with L-743,872 against approximately 200 clinical isolates of Candida, Cryptococcus neoformans a
In vitro antifungal activity of L-743,872 against a variety of moulds.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:105 (abstract no. F33). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927655; Del Poeta M; Schell WA; Perfect JR; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.; L-743,872 represents a new class of antifungal drugs which primarily targets 1,3 beta-glucan synthesis in the fungal cell wall. We examined the effect of this compound in vitro against a variety of clinically important moulds. A macro broth dilution method using RPMI medium approximately 10(3) inoculum of conidia, and
In vitro susceptibility of L-743,872 (L), a new pneumocandin, combined with commonly used antifungals against Candida and Torulopsis species.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:106 (abstract no. F35). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927656; Vazquez JA; Arganoza MT; Steffan P; Akins RA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.; The antifungal activity of a new water soluble pneumocandin, (L) in combination with amphotericin B (AB), fluconazole (F), itraconazole (I), and flucytosine (FC) was evaluated in Candida species. Susceptibility assays were conducted in 3 ways. About 10(5) yeast cells were mixed with 1% YNB. Candida had different susce
In vitro synergy of pneumocandin L-743,872 with fluconazole and amphotericin B against Cryptococcus neoformans.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:106 (abstract no. F36). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927657; Franzot SP; Casadevall A; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.; Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for acute meningitis in immunosuppressed patients. In AIDS patients the infection is considered incurable and lifelong therapy is necessary for its suppression. Combination therapy with synergistic or additive antifungal drugs could provide additional op
Evaluation of water soluble pneumocandin L-743,872 in mouse models of disseminated Aspergillosis, candidiasis and cryptococcosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:106 (abstract no. F37). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927658; Abruzzo GK; Flattery AM; Gill CJ; Kong L; Smith JG; Pikounis VB; Kropp H; Rosen H; Bartizal K; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ.; The in vivo activity of water soluble, pneumocandin L-743,872 was evaluated in mouse models of disseminated aspergillosis, candidiasis and cryptococcosis. The pneumocandins are inhibitors of 1,3 beta-D-glucan synthesis that exhibit potent in vivo anti-Aspergillus, anti-Candida and anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity. I
Efficacy of L-743,872 (872) in murine disseminated Candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:106 (abstract no. F38). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927659; Najvar L; Fothergill A; Luther M; Graybill J; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; Disseminated infections with Candida albicans is causing increasing problems, worsened by emergence of fluconazole (Flu) resistance. We evaluated 872 and Flu in candidemia caused by a Flu resistant isolate of C. albicans. Since candidemia occurs primarily in immune suppressed patients, we studied both immunocompetent
Activity of pneumocandin L-743872 in a CD4+ T-cell deficient mouse model or oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal Candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:106 (abstract no. F40). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927660; Flattery AM; Abruzzo GK; Smith JG; Gill CJ; Rosen H; Kropp H; Bartizal K; Antibiotic Discovery and Development, Merck Research Laboratories,; Rahway, NJ.; L-743872 is a water soluble cyclic lipopeptide 1,3 beta-D-glucan synthesis inhibitor with proven efficacy as a parenteral agent in animal models of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and of disseminated candidiasis and aspergillosis. The oral bioavailability of L-743872 is low, probably due to its high molecular weight an
Evaluation of pneumocandin L-743872 in neutropenic mouse models of disseminated Candidiasis and Aspergillosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:107 (abstract no. F41). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927661; Smith JG; Abruzzo GK; Gill CJ; Flattery AM; Kong L; Rosen H; Kropp H; Bartizal K; Antibiotic Discovery and Development, Merck Research Laboratories,; Rahway, NJ.; The in vivo activity of water soluble pneumocandin L-743872 was compared with amphotericin B (AMB) and fluconazole (FCZ) in neutropenic mouse models of disseminated candidiasis and aspergillosis. L-743872 inhibit 1,3 beta-D-glucan synthesis and exhibits potent anti-Candida, anti-Aspergillus, and anti-Pneumocystis cari
Efficacy of semisynthetic pneumocandin analog L-743,872 against Pneumocystis carinii in murine models: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:107 (abstract no. F42). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927662; Powles MA; Anderson J; Liberator P; Schmatz DM; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ.; In addition to potent efficacy in animal models against Candida sp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Histoplasma capsulatum, clinical candidate pneumocandin L-743,872 was also extremely potent against Pneumocystis carinii in immune compromised animal models. L-743,872 was approximately 20 times more potent than the original
Evaluation of L-743,872 (872) in the treatment of murine histoplasmosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:107 (abstract no. F43). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927663; Najvar L; Graybill J; Montalbo E; Barchiesi F; Luther M; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; Balb/c Nu/+ mice were infected intravenously with clinical isolate #93-255 of Histoplasma capsulatum at 5x10(6) CFU/mouse. The MIC s for 872 were read at 7 days to account for the slow growth of the organism and were performed by the NCCLS method. The MIC was 0.25 mcg/ml. Treatment was initiated 24 hours after infecti
Pharmacokinetics of L-743,872 in the mouse, rat, rhesus and chimpanzee.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:107 (abstract no. F44). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927664; Hajdu R; Pelak B; Sundelof J; Thompson R; Rosen H; Kropp H; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ.; L-743,872, a semi-synthetic pneumocandin, is a potent antifungal/antipneumocystis agent which possesses long half-life pharmacokinetics. The intravenous pharmacokinetics of L-743,872 were investigated in mice, rats, rhesus monkeys and chimpanzees. In contrast to previous pneumocandins this compound behaves consistentl
In vitro activity of antifungal agent LY303366 against Candida species, other yeasts and Aspergillus species.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:107 (abstract no. F45). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927665; Rennie R; Sand C; Smith S; National Mycology Reference Centre, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; LY303366 (LY) is a new echinocandin B antifungal agent. The activity of LY was compared with amphotericin (AM), 5-fluorocytosine (FC), itraconazole (IT), ketoconazole (KT), and fluconazole (FZ), against 172 clinical strains of 10 Candida spp., 20 strains of 5 non-Candida species and 13 strains of Cryptococcus spp. Str
Antifungal activity of LY303366 (LY), an echinocandins beta glucan synthase inhibitor (GSI).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:107 (abstract no. F46). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927666; Stevens DA; Martinez M; Devine MJ; Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA.; LY was tested in vitro and compared to other drugs with NCCLS methodology vs. yeasts (except B. dermatitidis, Bd), and via other previously described broth macrodilution methods vs. moulds using synthetic medium (SAAMF). P. brasiliensis (Pb) was tested similarly with synthetic McVeigh-Morton medium. C. albicans (5) we
Evaluation of in vitro activity of a new echinocandin, LY303366 against systemic isolates of Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:108 (abstract no. F47). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927667; Hoban D; Kabani A; Karlowsky J; Friesen M; Harding G; Turik M; Zhanel G; University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada.; LY303366 (LY) is a new semisynthetic echinocandin B analog that has been reported to possess antifungal activity. In this study we examined the activity of LY against over 145 yeast spp. isolated from blood cultures of neutropenic patients. LY was compared to amphotericin B (AB), 5-flucytosine (5FC), fluconazole FLU)
In vitro susceptibility of Candida blood stream isolates to a new echinocandin derivative, LY303366, and comparative antifungal agents.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:108 (abstract F48). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927668; Pfaller MA; Messer S; Coffman S; Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa; City, IA.; LY303366 is a new semi-synthetic echinocandin derivative with potent, broad-spectrum antifungal activity. We investigated the in vitro activity of LY303366 (LY), amphotericin B (AmB), 5-fluorocytosine (5FC), fluconazole (F), and itraconazole (I) against 268 blood stream isolates (BSI) of Candida spp. obtained from 31
Antifungal pharmacodynamic activity of the investigational echinocandin LY303366 against fluconazole-sensitive (FLU-S) and fluconazole-resistant (FLU-R) Candida albicans.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:108 (abstract no. F49). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927669; Friesen M; Harding G; Karlowsky J; Balko T; Hoban D; Kabani A; Zelenitsky S; Turik M; Zhanel GG; University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada.; The in vitro pharmacodynamic activities of LY303366 (LY), fluconazole (FLU), and amphotericin B (AMB) were determined using FLU-S and FLU-R Candida albicans. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using clinical and reference stains following NCCLS M27-P macrobroth dilution proposed guidelines. FLU, AMB, and
LY303366 single dose pharmacokinetics and safety in healthy male volunteers.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:108 (abstract no. F50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927670; Lucas R; Desante K; Hatcher B; Hemingway J; Lachno R; Brooks S; Turik M; Lilly Research Centre, Surrey, United Kingdom.; LY303366 (LY) is a semisynthetic cyclic lipopeptide of the echinocandin class of antifungal agents. It is a potent inhibitor of (1,3)-beta-glucan synthase. Preclinical studies have shown it to be well tolerated and effective in Candida, Aspergillus, and Pneumocystis carinii models of infection. Single-dose oral admini
CG5501-in vitro study against clinical isolates including Chlamydia spp and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:109 (abstract no. F54). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927671; Brenwald N; Andrews J; Bosweli F; Wise R; City Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.; The in vitro activity of CG5501 (CG) a new fluoroquinolone was compared with that of ciprofloxacin (CIP), sparfloxacin (SPAR) and trovafloxacin (TRO) against 854 recent bacterial isolates. The activity of CG was also tested against 4 strains of chlamydia and 5 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Against the enterob
SSY726, a new triazole antifungal agent: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:113 (abstract no. F75). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927672; Yokoyama K; Wang L; Miyaji M; Research Center for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses, Chiba; University, Chiba, Japan.; The in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of SSY726, a new antifungal agent, was compared with that of fluconazole (FLCZ) against Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus spp. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to estimate the in vitro activity by the two-fold agar dilution method.
Efficacy of SSY726 on systemic candidosis and cryptococcosis in neutropenic mice.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:113 (abstract no. F76). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927673; Matsumoto M; Asaoka T; Iwasa A; Ikada Y; Yamamoto K; Hirayama F; Research Laboratories, SS Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Narita, Japan.; SSY726:(R)-(-)-3-methyl-3-methylsulfonyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol 1-yl) 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]butan-2-ol is a new triazole antifungal agent. Its in vivo efficacies on the basis of prolongation of survival were tested in comparison with those of fluconazole (FLCZ). SSY726 showed more potent activity than FLCZ with a
Anticryptococcal activity of SSY726, a new triazole antifungal agent, in a murine pulmonary infection model.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:113 (abstract no. F77). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927674; Ikeda Y; Yamamoto K; Hirayama F; Matsumoto M; Asaoka T; Iwasa A; Research Laboratories, Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Industries, LTD.,; Fukuoka, Japan.; SSY726, a new triazole antifungal agent, was evaluated for anticryptococcal activity in normal or neutropenic mice. The leukopenic mice with cyclophosphamide (CY, 100 mg/kg, i.p.), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 150 mg/kg, i.p.) or prednisolone (PDN, 50 mg/kg, s.c.), and normal mice were inoculated intranasally with 1.7-3.0 x
KP-103, a novel topical antifungal triazole: structure-activity relationships of azolylamine derivatives.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:113 (abstract no. F78). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927675; Ogura H; Kobayashi H; Nagai K; Nishida T; Naito T; Tatsumi Y; Yokoo M; Arika T; Kaken Pharmaceutical Company, LTD., Kyoto, Japan.; In a search for an antifungal agent, we have prepared a variety of new azolylamine derivatives with general formula (I) and measured in vitro activity. MIC values (micrograms/ml) were shown below. (Table: see text) We found that the cyclic amine having methylene group at the 3 position is necessary for a broad antifun
In vitro activity of KP-103, a novel topical antifungal triazole.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:113 (abstract no. F79). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927676; Tatsumi Y; Yokoo M; Arika T; Ogura H; Nagai K; Naito T; Kaken Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Kyoto, Japan.; The in vitro activity of KP-103, a triazole having 4-methylenepiperidine moiety at the C-3 position, was compared with that of clotrimazole (CTZ), neticonazole (NCZ), lanoconazole LCZ), and butenafine (BTF) against pathogenic fungi. MIC(90) values (micrograms/ml) were shown below. (Table: see text) KP-103 was the most
Antifungal activity of the new triazole voriconazole against established, new and emerging yeast pathogens: a comparative study.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:114 (abstract no. F83). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927677; Espinel-Ingroff A; Flynn T; Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA.; Parallel to the increase in Candida infections, unusual yeasts previously considered as non-pathogenic are now being recognized as important etiologic agents of disease in the immunocompromised host. They are usually less susceptible to the few available antifungal agents and new agents have been developed. The in vit
Evaluation of the in vitro activity of the new triazole voriconazole against opportunistic filamentous fungi.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:114 (abstract no. F84). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927678; Espinel-Ingroff A; Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA.; Invasive aspergillosis and fusariosis are responsible for a high rate of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. Zygomycosis, pseudallescheriasis and severe phaeohyphomycoses also can occur in this patient population. Available antifungal therapy is not always effective in controlling most of these s
In vitro activity of voriconazole against dimorphic fungi.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:114 (abstract no. F85). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927679; Sutton DA; Fothergill AW; Barchiesi FJ; Rinaldi MG; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; Voriconazole (VOR- Pfizer , Inc.), an investigational triazole, was tested in vitro against 72 fungi to include Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (HC-15), Coccidioides immitis (CI-15), Blastomyces dermatiditis (BD-15), Sporothrix schenckii (SS-15), Paracoccidioides bras
Antifungal activity of a new triazole, SCH 56592, compared with four other antifungal agents tested against clinical isolates of Candida spp.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:115 (abstract no. F87). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927680; Pfaller MA; Zerva L; Messer S; Jones R; Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa; City, IA.; SCH 56592 is a new triazole agent with potent, broad-spectrum antifungal activity. We investigated the in vitro activity of SCH 56592, itraconazole (I), fluconazole (F), amphotericin B (A), and 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) against 268 clinical isolates of Candida spp., including 160 C. albicans, 37 C. glabrata, 31 C. tropic
In vitro activity of Schering 56592, compared with fluconazole and itraconazole against Candida spp.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:115 (abstract no. F88). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927681; Law D; Denning DW; Department of Microbiology, and Department of Medicine, Hope Hospital,; Salford, England.; The increasing incidence of antifungal resistance has underscored the need for more efficacious antifungal agents. Schering 56592 SCH) is a new broad spectrum triazole antifungal. We compared the in vitro activity of this drug with fluconazole (FLU) and itraconazole (ITZ) against 60 isolates of Candida comprising 9 di
An in vitro head-to-head comparison to Schering 56592, amphotericin B, fluconazole, and itraconazole against a spectrum of filamentous fungi.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:115 (abstract no. F89). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927682; Fothergill AW; Sutton DA; Rinaldi MG; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; Schering 56592 (SCH), an investigational triazole, was evaluated head-to-head against amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLU), and Itraconazole (ITRA) in vitro employing 285 clinical mould isolates consisting of systemic, dimorphic fungi (95), dermatophytes (25), Zygomycetes (20), opportunistic moniliaceous 90) and de
In vitro activity of SCH-56592 against Aspergillus spp. and comparison with itraconazole and amphotericin B.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:115 (abstract no. F90). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927683; Oakley KL; Moore CB; Denning DW; Department of Medicine, Hope Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.; In this study we investigated the in vitro activity of SCH-56592 SCH), a new triazole antifungal agent. We compared SCH with itraconazole (ITZ) and amphotericin B (AB) using a microbroth dilution procedure against 60 clinical isolates of Aspergillus spp. This comprised 39 A. fumigatus, 7 A. terreus, 7 A. flavus and 7
Studies on fungal resistance to SCH 56592.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:115 (abstract no. F91). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927684; Yarosh-Tomaine T; Munayyer H; Shaw KJ; Hare RS; Heimark L; Pramanik B; Greene JR; Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ.; SCH 56592 is a triazole antifungal with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. Like other triazole antifungals, SCH 56592 is a potent inhibitor of sterol C14 demethylation in fungi. In order to ascertain how known mechanisms of resistance to triazoles might apply to SCH 56592, we
SCH 56592 is a potent inhibitor of sterol C14 demethylation in fungi.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:115 (abstract no. F92). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927685; Munayyer H; Shaw KJ; Hare RS; Salisbury B; Heimark L; Pramanik B; Greene JR; Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ.; SCH 56592 is a triazole antifungal with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. Triazole antifungals are known to block sterol biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme lanosterol a-C14 demethylase (CYP51). We have examined the effect of SCH 56592 on fungal sterol synthesis by metabol
In vitro and in vivo activity of a new antifungal agent SCH 56592 SCH).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:116 (abstract no. F93). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927686; Dupont B; Improvisi L; Dromer F; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; SCH is a new antifungal agent with potent activity against filamentous fungi. The MIC 80% (MIC) of SCH, itraconazole (I) and amphotericin B (A) were determined for 15 recent clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus using a broth microdilution method derived from the NCCLS recommendations for yeasts. Under the best c
In vitro-in vivo correlations for the azole antifungals SCH 56592 56592), SCH 39304 (39304), SCH 51048 (51048), fluconazole (FLZ) and itraconazole (ITZ) in Candidiasis and Aspergillosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:116 (abstract no. F94). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927687; Miller GH; Loebenberg D; Antonacci B; Cacciapuoti A; Moss EL Jr; Menzel F Jr; Michalski M; Norris C; Parmegianti R; Yarosh-Tomaine T; Yaremko B; Hare RS; Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ.; We determined the in vitro-in vivo correlations for 56592, 39304, 51048, FLZ and ITZ. In vitro MICs for Candida were done in EMEM endpoint, yeast to mycelium inhibition, 48 hr.) and RPMI (NCCLS guidelines) and for Aspergillus in SDB and RPMI. Protein binding was determined by ultrafiltration or literature values. PD(5
Evaluation of SCH 56592 in clearance of GI mucosal candidiasis for mice with retroviral-induced immunodeficiency.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:116 (abstract no. F95). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927688; Cole GT; Seshan KR; Loebenberg D; Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH.; C57BL/6 neonatal mice (7-8 days old) were first inoculated with Candida albicans by the oral-intragastric route, which results in establishment of gastrointestinal (GI) candidiasis. At 30 days after yeast inoculation, the mice were challenged intraperitoneally with a single inoculum of the previously-described LP-BM5
Effect of delayed or extended treatment with SCH 56592 (SCH) or concomitant treatment with amphotericin B (AMB), in murine models of pulmonary Aspergillosis and systemic Candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:116 (abstract no. F96). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927689; Cacciapuoti A; Loebenberg D; Frank D; Moss EL Jr; Menzel F Jr; Michalski M; Norris C; Yaremko B; Hare RS; Miller GH; Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ.; SCH, a new antifungal triazole, was tested for PO efficacy following delayed (24, 48, or 72 hr postinfection, [PI]) treatment in mice infected by the pulmonary route with Aspergillus flavus or A. fumigatus, or intravenously with Candida albicans. Results, based on time to 50% survival, used once daily treatment for 4
Efficacy of SCH-56592 in 2 immunocompromised murine models of invasive Aspergillosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:116 (abstract no. F97). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927690; Oakley KL; Morrissey G; Denning DW; Department of Medicine, Hope Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.; SCH-56592 is a novel anti-fungal triazole with excellent in vitro activity against Aspergillus. We compared 3 doses (5,10 and 25 mg/kg) of SCH with itraconazole (ITZ 25 mg/kg) and amphotericin B AB 5 mg/kg) in a temporarily neutropenic murine model of disseminated aspergillosis (lungs, kidneys, and brain) against an i
Efficacy of SCH 56592 in a rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:116 (abstract no. F98). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927691; Patterson TF; Kirkpatrick WR; Mcatee RK; Loebenberg D; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; SCH 56592 (SCH), a new azole antifungal, was evaluated in an immunosuppressed temporarily neutropenic rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis. SCH was compared to amphotericin B (AmB) and itraconazole (Itra) cyclodextrin solution. Therapy with oral SCH at 2.5 or 10 mg/kg/d, oral Itra at 10 mg/kg/d, or IV AmB at 1.0 mg/
Treatment of murine pulmonary Aspergillosis with SCH 56592 (SCH).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:117 (abstract no. F99). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927692; Graybill J; Najvar L; Bocanegra R; Fothergill A; Luther M; Andie Murphy VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX.; Aspergillosis remains a frequent and highly lethal disease despite vigorous therapy with amphotericin B (AMB). In the present studies we evaluated a new expanded spectrum antifungal triazole, SCH, in a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis. The minimum inhibitory concentration to Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) isolate #
Efficacy of SCH 56592 (SCH) in a murine model of systemic Coccidioidomycosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:117 (abstract no. F100). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927693; Lutz JE; Clemons KV; Stevens DA; Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA.; By broth dilution testing, SCH MIC and MFC of the Sil. isolate of C. immitis was 0.4 and 3.1, and for 4 other clinical isolates 0.4-3.1 and 1.6-3.1 mcg/ml, respectively. Female CD-1 mice were infected IV with 220 viable arthroconidia of Sil. Groups of 10 mice either received no treatment, methylcellulose diluent, fluc
Comparison of a new triazole, Schering 56592, with itraconazole and amphotericin B for treatment of murine histoplasmosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:117 (abstract no. F101). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927694; Wheat J; Bick C; Connolly P; Smedema M; Durkin M; Kohler S; Loebenberg D; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.; MICs were determined for Schering 56592 (SCH), amphotericin B ampho) and itraconazole (Itra) by testing 20 patient isolates of H. capsulatum in yeast phase using a macrobroth dilution method following NCCLS guidelines. The mean MICs were SCH: less than or equal to .014 micrograms/ml, ampho: .56 micrograms/ml, and Itra
In vitro and in vivo antiproliferative effects of SCH 56592 against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:117 (abstract no. F102). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927695; Urbina JA; Payares G; Sanoja C; Contreras LM; Liendo A; Piras MM; Piras R; Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Center for Biochemistry and; Biophysics, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas.; Trypanosoma cruzi, protozoan parasite, is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, which afflicts 16-18 million persons in Latin America. This organism, as fungi and yeasts, requires specific endogenous sterols for growth and is thus sensitive to sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBI); however currently available SBIs a
Bioavailability of SCH 56592, a new broad spectrum triazole antifungal agent, from various formulations.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:117 (abstract no. F103). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927696; Nomeir AA; Kumari P; Loebenberg D; Cacciapuoti A; Hare R; Miller G; Sangekar S; Mahashabde S; Sequeira J; Vadino WA; Lee PL; Lin CC; Cayen MN; Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ.; SCH 56592 has been shown to be very potent against Aspergillus, Candida, Cryptococcus and other opportunistic fungi both in vitro and in animal models. SCH 56592 has a low water solubility (less than 2 micrograms/ml) which increases at acidic pH, is stable at accelerated conditions of temperature and light and is comp
Berberine: a candidate for the treatment of diarrhea in AIDS patients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:130 (abstract no. F175). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927697; McDevitt JT; Schneider DM; Katiyar SK; Edlind TD; Medex, Ardmore, PA.; Berberine is a quaternary plant alkaloid which has been used to treat a variety of medical conditions, including diarrhea from protozoal, fungal and bacterial infections. Published accounts of clinical trials in India using the natural product to treat nearly 900 patients indicate t
In vitro antifungal activity of BMS181184 against systemic isolates of Candida, Cryptococcus and Blastomyces spp.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:131 (abstract no. F179). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927698; Hoban D; Kabani A; Karlowsky J; Friesen M; Harding G; Zhanel G; University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada.; BMS181184 is a water soluble derivative of the pradamicin group of antifungal compounds that have been reported to possess antifungal activity. Between 1988 and 1995 720 systemic yeast spp. were isolated at the Health Sciences Centre. In this study we compared the activity of BMS181184 (BMS), amphotericin B (AB), 5-fl
Activity of pradimicin BMS-181184 against Aspergillus spp.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:131 (abstract no. F180). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927699; Oakley KL; Moore CB; Denning DW; Department of Medicine, Hope Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.; The in vitro activity of pradimicin (BMS) a new anti-fungal agent was compared with amphotericin B (AB) and itraconazole (ITZ) against 54 Aspergillus isolates. A broth macro-dilution method was used with RPMI supplemented with 2% glucose for BMS and ITZ and Yeast Nitrogen Base (YNB) with 0.5% glucose for AB. All tubes
Efficacy of pradimicin against disseminated candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:131 (abstract no. F181). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927700; Gonzalez CE; Shetty D; Giri N; Love W; Kligys K; Lyman C; Bacher J; Walsh TJ; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; MD.; We studied the activity of pradimicin (PRA), a new dihydrobenzo naphthacene quinone, against subacute disseminated candidiasis in persistently neutropenic rabbits. Antifungal treatment was administered for 12 days starting two days after the intravenous inoculation of 1x10(3) Candida albicans blastoconidia. Rabbits re
Efficacy of pradimicin against invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:131 (abstract no. F182). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927701; Gonzalez CE; Shetty D; Giri N; Love W; Kligys K; Sein T; Lyman C; Bacher J; Walsh TJ; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; MD.; Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in profoundly immunocompromised hosts carries a high mortality rate, despite administration of amphotericin B (AmB). New therapeutic approaches are clearly needed. We therefore studied the activity of pradimicin (PRA), a new dihydrobenzonaphthacene quinone, against pulmonary aspergillo
Comparison of the efficacy of BMS-181184 (BMS) and amphotericin B AmB) against hematogenous Candida tropicalis (CT) infection in immunosuppressed mice.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:131 (abstract no. F183). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927702; Restrepo M; Najvar L; Bocanegra R; Luther M; Graybil J; Andie L. Murphy VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX.; Purpose: Compare efficacy of new antifungal pradimicin BMS with fluconazole (FLU) and AMB in two immunosupressed murine models of CT hematogenous infection. Methods: Mice were made neutropenic with 5-flourouracil at 150 mg/kg/d intravenously (IV). Mice were than infected IV with 1x10(6) CFU/mouse of CT. Two isolates o
Effect of a new class of conjugated styryl ketones on fungi.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:132 (abstract no. F184). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927703; Manavathu EK; Alangaden GJ; Vashishtha SC; Dimmock JR; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.; Previous studies in our laboratories have revealed that a number of Mannich bases of styryl ketones have antimicrobial properties. Therefore, four members of a new class of conjugated styryl ketones (designated NC1175, NC1213, NC1215 and NC1216) were examined for their ability to inhibit microbial growth. NC1175 at lo
Fungicidal activity of synthetic peptides derived from bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:132 (abstract no. F185). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927704; Lim E; Wong P; Fadem M; Motchnik P; Bakalinsky M; Little R; XOMA Corporation, Berkeley, CA.; We have developed potent anti-microbial peptides derived from BPI functional domain III with activity against Candida albicans. Extended spectrum studies on the most potent fungicidal analogues have been initiated by assaying for activity against Candida, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus species. Antifungal activity was d
Fungicidal peptides from bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) act synergistically with fluconazole on Candida albicans.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:132 (abstract no. F186). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927705; Horwitz AH; Little R; Fadem M; Motchnik P; Nadell R; XOMA Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.; Synthetic peptides comprising amino acids 148-161 (Domain III) of BPI are fungicidal for Candida albicans. An iterative screening program has produced a series of domain III-derived peptides with substituted amino acids, D-amino acids and/or with amino- and carboxy-terminal modifications that have improved fungicidal
In vivo fungicidal activity of optimized domain III peptides derived from bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:132 (abstract no. F187). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927706; Appenzeller L; Lim E; Wong P; Fadem M; Motchnik P; Bakalinsky M; Little R; XOMA Corporation, Berkeley, CA.; Significant in vivo antifungal activity of optimized synthetic peptides derived from amino acids 148-161 of BPI (Domain III) was demonstrated in a 28-day murine model of systemic candidiasis. Male DBA/2 mice (n=15/group) were challenged intravenously (i.v.) With 1x10(5) C. albicans (SLU #1); peptides were administered
In vitro antifungal activities of BisBAL and BisME, two thiol-chelated bismuth compounds.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:132 (abstract no. F188). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927707; Domenico P; Chin N; Cunha B; Della Latta P; Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY.; BisBAL (bismuth-dimercaprol) and BisME bismuth-beta-mercapto-ethanol) show broad spectrum activity against bacteria. BisBAL-treated (less than 100 micromolar Bi(3+)) fish tanks remained free of bacteria for weeks, but were quickly overwhelmed with the fungus, Trichosporon beigelii, suggesting that these compounds are
In vitro antifungal activity of SP-920704 in combination with fluconazole and itraconazole.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:132 (abstract no. F189). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927708; Li RK; Fothergill AW; Rinaldi MG; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.; SP-920704 (Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) is an investigational nikkomycin, a nucleoside-peptide with antifungal activity via inhibition of chitin biosynthesis. In the present study, we investigated the combinational antifungal activity of SP-920704 with fluconazole (Flu) and itraconazole (Itra), respectively. Checker-
In vitro activity of the antifungal nikkomycin Z (SP-920704) in combination with fluconazole or itraconazole vs. yeasts.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:133 (abstract no. F190). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927709; Flores ME; Hector RF; Shaman Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA.; Nikkomycin Z is a competitive inhibitor of fungal chitin synthase, and has been previously shown to interact synergistically with azole antifungals vs. Candida albicans. In the present study, we evaluated a larger population of yeasts, including resistant isolates, under two different test media to establish the range
BE-31405, a new antifungal antibiotic produced by Penicillium minioluteum.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:133 (abstract no. F191). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927710; Okada H; Kamiya S; Nagashima M; Miura K; Nakajima S; Kojiri K; Suda H; Banyu Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan.; BE-31405 is a new antifungal antibiotic found in a fermentation of Penicillium minioluteum. BE-31405 was isolated by adsorption on high porous polymer resin Diaion HP-20, followed by ethyl acetate extraction, silica gel column chromatography, reverse phase HPLC, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The molecular
Antifungal properties of the natural peptides Cecropin B and Dermaseptin.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:133 (abstract no. F192). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927711; De Lucca AJ; Jacks TJ; Bland JM; Grimm C; Cleveland TE; Walsh TJ; Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA.; In vitro antifungal properties of Cecropin B (CB) and dermaseptin DERM), potent antibacterial peptides from the giant silk moth and frog skin, respectively, were explored. Nongerminated and germinated (8 hr) conidia from Aspergillus flavus (AF), A. fumigatus (AFUM), A. niger (AN), Fusarium moniliforme (FM) and F. oxys
Antifungal activity of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) in murine invasive Candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:133 (abstract no. F193). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927712; Sugar AM; McCaffrey RP; Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA.; We have shown that the adenosine analogue cordycepin, when protected from deamination to 3 -deoxyinosine by the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA), can selectively induce apoptotic cell death in certain neoplastic cells. To assess the antifungal potential of ADA-protected cordycepin, we studied its activity in murine in
SCH 56301, a novel antifungal cyclodepsipeptide: synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new cyclodepsipeptides.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:134 (abstract no. F196). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927713; Rane DF; Cooper AB; Desai JA; Girijavallabhan VM; Ganguly AK; Jao E; Saksena AK; Wang J; Loebenberg DL; Antonacci BL; Hare RS; Miller GH; Norris C; Parmegiani R; Yarosh-Tomaine T; Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ.; In the search for an orally active antifungal agent effective against systemic fungal infections caused by Candida and Aspergillus, a series of new cyclic depsipeptides has been synthesized. The synthesis was accomplished using a three tripeptide fragment condensation and a final cyclization of the linear non-depsipep
Primaquine steroisomers have different anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity in mice.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:134 (abstract no. F197). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927714; Shaw MM; McChesney JD; Nanayakkara D; Durant PJ; Queener SF; Smith JW; Bartlett MS; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.; 8-Aminoquinolines are potent inhibitors of Pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in vivo. Clindamycin plus primaquine is effective in treating P. carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. The racemic mixture of primaquine has been used both for laboratory testing and for clinical protocols. The resolved isomers and racemic
Antituberculosis activity and side-effect profiles of 8 new quinolones optimized for antimycobacterial effects.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:136 (abstract no. F210). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927715; Renau TE; Gage JW; Dever JA; Roland GE; Joannides ET; Shapiro MA; Wold SA; Gracheck SJ; Domagala JM; Jacobs MR; Reynolds RC; Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert; Company, Ann Arbor, MI.; In a study to optimize the fluoroquinolone antibacterials against mycobacterial infections, specifically M. tuberculosis, we evaluated 265 quinolone congeners in our primary screen, which included the organisms M. fortuitum and M. smegmatis. The activity of the compounds against these organisms was used as a measure o
Design, synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of a novel series of bicyclic nitroimidazole compounds.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:136 (abstract no. F211). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927716; Baker WR; Cai S; Keeler EL; Leung T; Feng B; Morgenroth JN; Anderson SW; Arain TM; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; We have synthesized a series of bicyclic nitroimidazole compounds which feature a fused oxapin (n=2) or pyran (n=1) ring bridging the N1 and C2 positions of a 4-nitroimidazole core. The target compounds were synthesized from 2,4-dinitroimidazole and glycidol TBDMS ether (pyran series) or 3-butene-1-ol TBDMS ether epox
Nitroimidazopyran (NAP) compounds: in vitro spectrum of activity, including activity against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:137 (abstract no. F212). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927717; Humble DJ; Shawar RM; Van Dalfsen JM; Kreiswirth BN; Moghazeh SL; Kurepina NE; Baker WR; Arain TM; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; The activity of members of the nitroimidazopyran compound series against clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis prevalent in New York City was determined by the BACTEC radiorespirometric method. All derivatives tested proved to be highly active against both drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant strains: (Table: see tex
Rapid assessment of in vivo activity of nitroimidazopyran (NAP) compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a reporter strain strategy.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:137 (abstract no. F213). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927718; Arain TM; Langhorne MH; Rodriguez JL; Morgenroth JN; Baker WR; Stover CK; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; The in vivo efficacy of nitroimidazopyran derivatives was determined against a recombinant strain of M. tuberculosis Erdman expressing firefly luciferase from a host-integrated gene. Groups of BALB/c mice infected intravenously with 10(7) viable bacteria were treated by oral gavage after 7 days. Daily treatment contin
Identification of PA-824, a novel 6-nitroimidazopyran antitubercular agent, using high throughput synthesis and screening methodology.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:137 (abstract no. F214). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927719; Baker WR; Keeler El; Cai S; Towell JA; Pastor DR; Morgenroth JN; Anderson SW; Arain TM; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; A large series of 6-nitroimidazopyran antitubercular compounds R=OR, NHR) were prepared from the corresponding R/S alcohol and amine using high throughput synthesis methodology. Individual analogs were synthesized in a spatially addressed format and screened for in vitro antimycobacterial (rBCG) activity. From the scr
Characterization of the in vitro activity of the nitroimidazopyran compound PA-824 against Mycobacterium spp. using reporter strains.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:137 (abstract no. F215). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927720; Arain TM; Morgenroth JN; Anderson SW; Van Dalfsen JM; Humble DJ; Rodriguez JL; Shawar RM; Baker WR; Stover CK; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; The activity of PA-824, a novel NAP compound highly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was characterized using recombinant mycobacterial strains expressing the firefly luciferase (lux) gene. Use of these reporter strains greatly accelerated experiments to assess bactericidal activity, tolerance, synergy/antago
PA-824, a nitroimidazopyran antitubercular agent: favorable pharmacokinetics parameters in mice after delivery in a novel oral formulation.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:137 (abstract no. F216). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927721; Lillibridge JH; Nywall CS; Shawar RM; Slattery JT; PathoGenesis Corporation, Seattle, WA.; PA-824 is a nitroimidazopyran with potent in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC=0.13 micrograms/mlml, MBC=2 micrograms/ml). However, the effort to establish good in vivo efficacy was hampered by poor solubility and inefficient drug delivery. To overcome this problem, several oral formulations were
Ethnomedical leads in new drug discovery of tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:137 (abstract no. F217). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927722; McGuire MS; Morales M; Franzblau SG; GWL Hansen's Disease Center, Baton Rouge, LA.; Due to the continued problems caused by multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria and the expense of synthetic drugs in the treatment of tuberculosis and leprosy, the isolation of novel compounds from plant-derived sources would prove to be beneficial in the treatment of these diseases. The knowledge gained from a comp
Enhancement of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility in Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis of poloxamers CRL-1072 and CRL-1605.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:138 (abstract no. F219). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927723; Jagannath C; Srinivasan I; Morgan DL; Hunter RL; Emanuele RM; CytRx Corporation, Norcross, GA.; The emergence of drug resistant M. tuberculosis (MTB) and M. avium (MAI) strains has necessitated the use of both new and second line drugs. By increasing drug uptake, poloxamer CRL-1072 enhanced the bactericidal activity of many antituberculous drugs against MTB in macrophages and mice (Antimicrob. Agents Chemo. 1995
"Triple-threat" topical protegrins: minimal structural requirements for potent activity against N. gonorrhoeae C. trachomatis and HIV-1.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:142 (abstract no. F242). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927724; Lehrer RI; Harwig SS; Qu X-D; Shafer W; Yasin B; Cho Y; Yang H-J; Martin D; Magpantay L; Miles S; Wagar EA; University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.; Protegrins are a family of small antimicrobial peptides found in porcine leukocytes. Their size (approximately 2kDa, 116-18 amino acid residues) and simple beta-sheet structures facilitate the production of variants to define their structure:activity relationships. We tested over 100 variants of protegrin PG-1 against
Effects of IL-10, prednisolone, and cyclosporin A on the resistance of C57BL/6 mice to Mycobacterium avium infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:145 (abstract no. G14). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927725; Geerdes-Fenge HF; Cohen Y; Perronne C; Bertrand G; Carbon C; University Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.; Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key regulatory cytokine. Its potential therapeutic role in diseases with inadequate immune response might be complicated by an increased risk of infections due to impaired macrophage functions. Intracellular pathogens are known to induce IL-1 production in mice. The administration of anti-I
Differential induction of chemokine mRNA (MIP-2, KC and MIP-1beta) by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex in rat alveolar macrophages in vitro as assayed by RT-PCR.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:146 (abstract no. G18). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927726; Rajyaguru JM; Livingston FR; Muszynski MJ; Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children and Women, Orlando, FL.; Mycobacteria especially, M. tuberculosis (MTB) and M. avium complex (MAC) are prominent pathogens in HIV infected patients. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the primary line of defense in terms of direct phagocytosis and further recruitment of rest of the immune system. Majority of the studies on the cytokine response o
Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) on antifungal activities of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:147 (abstract no. G25). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927727; Roilides E; Dimitriadou A; Sein T; Kadiltsoglou I; Walsh TJ; Third Department of Pediatrics, U Thessaloniki, Greece.; Invasive aspergillosis is frequently encountered in immunocompromised patients. The effects of recombinant human TNF on antifungal activities of human neutrophils (PMNs), adherence-isolated human monocytes (MNCs) and rabbit pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) against resting conidia and unopsonized hyphae of Aspergi
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor protects non-neutropenic mice against acute disseminated candidiasis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:148 (abstract no. G28). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927728; Netea MG; Kullberg BJ; Meis JF; Curfs JH; Van Der Meer JW; University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) increases the oxidative burst and fungicidal activity of neutrophils upon stimulation with Candida albicans. However, few data are available about the effect of in vivo administration of G-CSF in non-neutropenic hosts infected with C. albicans. We investigated the effect o
Factors associated with symptomatic interleukin-2 induced cholecystopathy in HIV-infected individuals.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:148 (abstract no. G30). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927729; Walworth CM; Kovacs JA; Vogel SE; Premkumar A; Feuerstein IM; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.; Objective: To determine if specific laboratory, radiographic or demographic variables are associated with the development of right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain mimicking acute cholecystitis among HIV-infected individuals receiving continuous intravenous interleukin-2 ( IL-2
Can rHuGM-CSF help treating drug-resistant cryptosporidiosis in AIDS?: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:149 (abstract no. G33). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927730; Capetti A; Bonfanti P; Rizzardini G; Milazzo F; First Department of Infectious Diseases, "Luigi Sacco" Hospital,; Milan, Italy.; Objective: To determine the efficacy of rHuGM-CSF in HIV positive patients (pts) with drug-resistant cryptosporidiosis. Methods: Since June 1995, two HIV+ pts with cryptosporidiosis unresponsive to paromomycin observed in our Department have been enrolled in an open, observational pilot study. Drug resistance was defi
Duration of antibody (AB) levels after 3 doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in HIV+ and HIV- children less than 2 years of age.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:150 (abstract no. G42). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927731; King J; Vink P; Farley J; Chang I; Kimura A; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.; This study investigated the decay of serum Ab following three 0.5 cc IM doses (given 2 mos apart) of a 5-valent PCV (10 mcg each of types 6, 14, 18, 19 and 23 oligosaccharides conjugated to CRM 197) given to HIV+ children less than 2 years of age (mean 13, range 6-23 mos). HIV- children (n=34) of similar age, race and
The role of nitric oxide in murine macrophage defense against penicillium marneffei.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:151 (abstract no. G46). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927732; Roverselli A; Boelaert JR; Cogliati M; Lombardi L; Sala G; Viviani MA; University degli Studi, Milano, Italy.; The dimorphic fungus Penicillium marneffei (Pm) is an emerging HIV-opportunist. We investigated the role of NO, derived either from immunologically stimulated murine macrophages (MOs) or chemically, on the in vitro growth of Pm. Methods: J774 MOs were cultured in a 4-well chamber slide at 10(5)/well in MEM containing
Effect of disease severity and vitamin A therapy on soluble CD30 and Th1/Th2 immunity in childhood tuberculosis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:152 (abstract no. G49). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927733; Hanekom WA; Hussey GD; Hughes J; Potgieter S; Yogev R; Check LJ; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.; T-helper 1 (Th1) responses may be central in protective immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whereas Th2 responses may be deleterious. We postulated that more severe tuberculosis TB), e.g., presence of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease, is associated with a deleterious Th2 response. Performing conve
Binding of the M. avium (MA) 68 kD antigen to the integrin receptor alphaVbeta3 on human macrophages enhances complement receptor CR3 expression.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:152 (abstract no. G50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927734; Hayashi T; Rao SP; Catanzaro A; University of California, San Diego, CA.; Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is highly prevalent among individuals with AIDS. Attachment and uptake by host cells are key factors in the pathogenesis of intracellular pathogens such as MAC. Several bacteria bind to host cells through the specific interaction of surface ligands and host cell surface rece
Evaluation of T cell cytokine synthesis by flow cytometry: a new approach to the clinical assessment of HIV immunodeficiency.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:153 (abstract no. G55). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927735; Peterson D; Pitcher C; Maino V; Picker L; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.; The highly regulated secretion of potent effector cytokines is perhaps the most important weapon in the T cell s immune arsenal (including both the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets), and is a critical element of effective host defense. In HIV-associated immunodeficiency a progressive decline in T cell cytokine-related effector
Convalescent mouse anti-Pneumocystis carinii antibody prevents inoculated mice from developing P. carinii infections.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:154 (abstract no. G62). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927736; Bartlett MS; Shaw MM; Durant PJ; Queener SF; Lee CH; Smith JW; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.; A protective role of humoral immunity in infections with Pneumocystis carinii has been a matter of speculation. This is the first report of the use of convalescent P. carinii antiserum to prevent P. carinii infection in transtracheally-inoculated immunosuppressed animals. Dexamethasone-immunosuppressed BALB/c mice wer
Persistence of antibody responses to haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine in children with vertically acquired HIV infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:154 (abstract no. G63). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927737; Gibb D; Spoulou V; Giacomelli A; Griffiths H; Masters J; Giaquinto C; Kroll S; Goldblatt D; Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.; Recurrent bacterial sepsis is common in paediatric HIV infection and immunisation against H. influenzae type B is recommended. Immunogenicity over a 12 month period following immunisation with Hib-tetanus conjugate vaccine (ACT-HIB); Merieux) was evaluated in 48 vertically HIV infected children (VI) and 36 uninfected
Immunotherapy with interleukin-12 (IL-12) in beige mice with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:156 (abstract no. G70). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927738; Bermudez LE; Petrofsky M; Young LS; Kuzell Institute, CPMCRI, San Francisco, CA.; Host defense against MAC depends on macrophages, NK cells and on the induction of protective CD4+ T-cells. IL-12 is a cytokine produced primarily by mononuclear phagocytes that stimulates NK cells to secrete macrophage-activating cytokines as well to induce CD4+ T-cells to differentiate into Th(1) cells. To examine th
Subnormal antibody (Ab) responses to diphtheria (D) and tetanus T) toxoid vaccines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected (INF) children.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:159 (abstract no. G87). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927739; Choudhury SA; Khan AJ; Mishreki NK; Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.; Responses to D and T vaccines in HIV-INF children has not been well studied. We evaluated Ab titers in 17 HIV patients (pts) average age 74 mos); in 9 pts after 4 and in 8 after 5 doses of DPT vaccine. Ab titers were assessed by ELISA between 2 and 68 mos after last dose. An equal number of normal pts (average age 57
Late CMV disease in adult allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) and peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) recipients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:163 (abstract no. H1). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927740; Maltezou HC; Whimbey E; Champlin RE; Przepiorka D; Abi-Said D; Karl C; Anderson B; Gajewski J; Giralt S; Ippoliti C; Khouri I; Mehra R; Mirza NQ; Van Besien K; Warkentin D; Raad I; Rolston K; Bodey GP; Goodrich JM; University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.; We reviewed the incidence and mortality associated with CMV disease occurring from day 100 to day 365 post-transplant in 156 adult allogeneic BMT (149) and PBSC (7) recipients who had received ganciclovir prophylaxis during the first 100 days post-transplant. Th
Incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease after introduction of routine use of PP65-antigenemia (Ant) for preemptive therapy in adult liver transplant recipients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:163 (abstract no. H2). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927741; Kusne S; Grossi P; Irish W; St. George K; Rinaldo C; Rakela J; Fung J; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.; We assessed our incidence of CMV infection using routine preemptive therapy guided by the Ant test. Patients were included in this prospective study if they survived at least 2 weeks after transplantation (Tx). The follow up was at least 6 months after Tx, or un
Adenovirus infection in adult orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients: prevalence and clinical significance.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:163 (abstract no. H3). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927742; McGrath D; Falagas ME; Rohrer R; Freeman R; Fairchild R; Snydman DR; New England Medical Center (NEMC), Boston, MA.; Adenovirus is a recognized cause of considerable morbidity in children with liver transplantation. However, the prevalence and clinical significance of adenoviral infections are unknown for adult OLT recipients. Retrospective review of 168 adult OLT recipients who underwent OLT at NEMC from 1/88 to 10/95 showed 11 pat
Efficacy and safety of oral ganciclovir in the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in liver transplant recipients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:163 (abstract no. H4). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927743; Pescovitz M; Gane E; Saliba F; Valdecasas G; O'Grady J; Behrend M; Pruett T; Hockerstedt K; Walker M; Robinson C; Ganciclovir International Transplantation Study Group, Roche Global; Development, Palo Alto, CA.; We studied the safety and efficacy of oral ganciclovir for the prevention of CMV disease (CMVD) following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Between December 1993 and April 1995, 304 OLT recipients were stratified on the basis of CMV serologic status and ra
Does cytomegalovirus disease (CMV) modify the patient survival after liver transplant?: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:164 (abstract no. H5). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927744; de Otero J; Gavalda J; Margarit C; Vargas V; Murio E; Rossello J; Calico I; Pahissa A; Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.; It has been suggested that cytomegalovirus infection could be associated with indirect effects related to immunosuppression and immunomodulation with reduced graft and patient survival following solid organ transplantation. Aim: Examine the relation between the appearance of cytome
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CMV antigenemia (AGE) after renal transplantation (RTx).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:164 (abstract no. H6). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927745; Reusser P; Attenhofer R; Cathomas G; Tamm M; Binet I; Bock A; Thiel G; University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.; CMV AGE reflects the systemic viral load, and high-level AGE is associated with CMV disease after RTx. The occurrence of CMV AGE might be related to a deficient CMV-specific CD8+ CTL response. We studied the association between CMV AGE and CMV-specific CTLs duri
Use of quantitative competitive PCR (QC-PCR) to guide preemptive therapy (PT) against EBV associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) after intestinal transplantation (ITx) in children.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:164 (abstract no. H7). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927746; Green M; Reyes J; Putnam P; Bueno J; Yunis E; Mieles L; Qu L; Todo S; Rowe DT; Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Pittsburgh,; PA.; A high rate of PTLD in children surviving greater than 1 month after ITx led to an effort to prevent PTLD. Since 5/94, serial QC-PCR for EBV from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were performed to guide PT with ganciclovir and Cytogam prior to onset of PTLD. A QC-PCR result greater than 200 genome/10(5) PBL for EBV
Disease due to rimantadine/amantadine-resistant influenza (R-Flu) virus in bone marrow transplant recipients (BMT): a prospective study.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:164 (abstract no. H8). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927747; Englund JA; Champlin RE; Yousuf H; Wyde PR; Atmar RL; Regnery H; Klimov A; Cox N; Whimbey E; Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX.; Antiviral therapy for influenza in immunocompromised (IC) patients (pts.) may result in the emergence of resistant virus. To evaluate this, BMT were evaluated prospectively and cultured if new or persistent respiratory symptoms (rhinorrhea, congestion, cough, sore throat, sinusitis, pneumonia, or fever) developed. Bet
Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in liver transplantation: comparison between donor organ and transfusion transmitted infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:164 (abstract no. H9). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927748; Falagas ME; Snydman DR; Ruthazer R; Griffith J; Werner BG; New England Medical Center, Boston, MA.; Primary CMV infection in liver transplant recipients generally occurs from transmission through a CMV seropositive donor organ. Occasionally primary infection arises among donor negative recipients through blood transfusions. We studied the differences in clinic
Infection due to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) after heart-lung HLTX) and lung (LTX) transplantation: results of a prospective longitudinal study.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:164 (abstract no. H10). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927749; Jacobs F; Liesnard C; Brancart F; Gilot P; Knoop C; Antoine M; Moerman M; Estenne M; de Francquen P; Byl B; Thys JP; Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.; To determine the role of HHV6 infection after solid organ transplantation (TX), we prospectively followed 33 HLTX and 14 LTX recipients (29 M, I and F, mean age 39 y, range: 9-59 y). During 2 years, all new recipients were included on the day of TX 22 pts) and those previously transplanted, at the time of suspicion of
Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection in liver transplant recipients: documentation of pathogenicity.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:165 (abstract no. H11). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927750; Singh N; Carrigan DR; VAMC, Pittsburgh, PA.; The new herpesvirus, HHV-6 is able to cause clinical illness after transplantation, however the pathogenic potential and the clinical features of HHV-6 have not been defined in the liver transplant recipients. We document the first cases of invasive and symptomatic HHV-6 infection in liver transplant recipients. The i
Seroconversion to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) following liver transplantation is a predictor of CMV disease.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:165 (abstract no. H12). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927751; Dockrell D; Prada J; Patel R; Jones M; Smith T; Wiesner R; Krom R; Paya C; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.; We determined the possible influence of HHV-6 on post-transplant CMV infection. Sera from 37 successive ortotopic liver transplant recipients was analyzed for IgM and IgG titers to HHV-6 (non-CMV crossreactive) pre and at one and three months post-transplant. Se
A randomized trial of acyclovir (ACV) vs. ganciclovir (GCV) as prophylaxis against CMV infection in liver transplant recipients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:167 (abstract no. H25). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927752; Badley AD; Seaberg E; Portela D; Porayko M; Patel R; Keating M; Wiesner R; Krom R; Wilhelm M; Walker R; Marshall W; Zetterman R; Paya CV; Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN.; Prophylaxis of CMV infection was evaluated at two clinical centers (Mayo and UNMC) participating in the NIDDK Liver Transplantation Database. Patients (N=167) were randomized post-transplant to po ACV (3.2 gm/d) or iv GCV (10 mg/kg/d) for two weeks followed by p
Comparison of two ganciclovir regimens for the prevention of CMV disease in adult allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:168 (abstract no. H26). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927753; Maltezou HC; Whimbey E; Champlin RE; Przepiorka D; Abi-Said D; Karl C; Anderson B; Gajewski J; Giralt S; Ippoliti C; Khouri I; Mehra R; Mirza NQ; Van Besien K; Warkentin D; Raad I; Rolston K; Bodey GP; Goodrich JM; University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.; We compared the incidence and mortality associated with CMV disease in adult allogeneic BMT and PBSC recipients who received ganciclovir prophylaxis at 5mg/kg three-times-per-week (78 patients) as compared with 5mg/kg five-times-per-week (137 patients). The Kapl
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism in rats and monkeys of 1263W94, a potent and selective inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:168 (abstract no. H27). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927754; Frick LW; Hsieh AY; Good SS; Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC.; The pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties of 1263W94, a novel anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) compound, were investigated in Harlan SD rats and cynomolgus monkeys. In rats given 10 mg/kg intravenous doses, the total body clearance (Clt) was 1.8 plus or minus 0.2 L/kg/hr. The v
A phase I trial evaluating the tolerability and pharmacokinetics PK) of 1263W94 following single oral administration of escalating doses in normal healthy volunteers.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:168 (abstract no. H28). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927755; Wang LH; Lyogendran S; Weller S; Sallabank P; Wiggs R; Bye A; Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC.; 1263W94 is a benzimidazole riboside demonstrating potent and selective inhibition of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and has entered clinical development because of its promising in vitro anti-CMV activity, favorable preclinical safety and oral bioavailability in animals. A phase I do
Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase by PMEA and PMPA diphosphates.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:168 (abstract no. H29). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927756; Xiong XF; Chen MS; Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA.; 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine (PMEA) and 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-adenine (PMPA) are potent inhibitors of retroviruses, including HIV in both in vitro and in vivo model systems. Besides antiretroviral activity, PMEA and PMPA also have in vitro antiherpesvirus activity, particularly anti-
Cytomegalovirus resistance is associated with clinical failure in AIDS patients receiving ganciclovir treatment for retinitis.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:168 (abstract no. H30). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927757; Smith IL; Flores-Aguilar M; Taskituna I; Jiles RE; Freeman WR; Spector SA; University of California, San Diego, CA.; To assess the clinical significance of ganciclovir resistant CMV , we compared the clinical and virologic status of 40 AIDS patients receiving intravenous ganciclovir treatment for CMV retinitis. Patients were followed for 3-22 mo (median 7.4 mo). Clinical status
CMV is not an in vivo cofactor in HIV replication.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:168 (abstract no. H31). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927758; Drew WL; Lalezari J; Busch M; Miner RC; University of California, San Francisco, CA.; In order to investigate a possible in vivo cofactor role for CMV in HIV replication, we compared HIV viral load in 12 patients treated with oral ganciclovir (3.0) gms daily and 7 patients receiving a placebo. These patients were participants in a placebo-control
Immunomodulatory effect of acyclovir on CD8+ T cells proliferation and cytokines production induced by cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex antigens.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:169 (abstract no. H32). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927759; Torre-Cisneros J; Caballero J; Briceno J; Ramirez R; Kindelan JM; Sanchez-Guijo P; Units of Infectious Diseases and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Reina; Sofia, Cordoba, Spain.; Aims: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of acyclovir on CMV and HSV infection. Methods: PBMC (2x10(6) cells) from 7 CMV/HSV seropositive donors were cultured during 2 hours with 20 microliters of acyclovir (2 micrograms/ml) (positive controls: PBMC incubat
Quantitation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in cerebrospinal fluid CSF) in AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:169 (abstract no. H33). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927760; Long CM; Drew WL; Miner RC; Jekic-McMullen D; Kao SY; Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, CA.; Objective: To evaluate the performance of a prototype quantitative PCR assay for the detection of CMV infection in AIDS patients with neurological disorders. Methods: CSF samples collected from AIDS patients were tested for CMV by a prototype quantitative PCR as
Clinical significance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) isolation from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:169 (abstract no. H34). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927761; Klein MB; Erice A; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN.; CMV pneumonitis is a devastating complication of immunosuppression which remains both difficult to diagnose and treat. To assess and compare the frequency of positive shell vial sv) and conventional (cx) cultures in BAL specimens, we retrospectively analyzed 150
Correlation of blood cytomegalovirus detection with clinical disease in AIDS patients. Value of the antigenemia assay.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:169 (abstract no. H35). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927762; Carton JA; Ona M; Asensi V; Melon S; Maradona JA; Moris J; Rguez-Junquera M; Zarraga M; Garcia-Alcalde ML; Universidad de Oviedo, Spain.; Objective: We performed a comparative study between 57 AIDS patients with clinical cytomegalovirus disease (CMVD) (70% retinitis and 30% visceral involvement) and 32 AIDS patients with simple CMV blood isolation (CMVI) without development of CMVD during follow-up. Patients and meth
Utility of cytomegalovirus Antigenemia assay and shell vial cultures in patients with HIV infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:169 (abstract no. H36). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927763; Riera M; Reina J; Bosch T; Salas A; Olea JL; Leyes M; Pareja A; Villalonga C; Son Dureta Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.; Objective: To know the value of CMV Antigenemia in patients with advanced HIV infection and suspicion of CMV disease. We compare CMV Antigenemia assay with shell vial cultures. Subjects and Methods: Retrospective study from January to September 1995. All patient
Comparative evaluation of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA load in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and plasma (PLAS) of HIV-infected subjects.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:169 (abstract no. H37). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927764; Boivin G; Handfield J; Murray G; Toma E; Bergeron MG; Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.; The CMV DNA burden was simultaneously determined in PMNL and PLAS samples from HIV- and CMV-infected subjects who had asymptomatic CMV infection (group 1: CD4 cell counts = 100-250mm(3); group 2: CD4 cell counts less than 100/mm(3)) and those with CMV disease be
Usefulness of pp65 antigenemia (CMV-Ag) in early diagnosis of CMV disease in patients with advanced HIV infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:170 (abstract no. H38). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927765; Torrus D; Hernandez Aguado I; Portilla J; Boix V; Torrome M; Arteaga E; Plazas J; University General Hospital of Alicante, Spain.; Objective and Design: To evaluate the efficacy of CMV-Ag assay for predicting CMV disease in patients with advanced HIV infection. Observational cohort study July-94 to December-95. Eligibility criteria: patients with HIV infection, CD4 less than 100/mm(3), CMV IgG (+) and no previous CMV disease. Baseline and bimonth
Lack of value of surveillance blood, urine, and throat cytomegalovirus (CMV) cultures in predicting CMV disease in liver transplant recipients.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:170 (abstract no. H39). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927766; Falagas ME; Snydman DR; Ruthazer R; Werner BG; Griffith J; New England Medical Center, Boston, MA.; Recent studies have examined the role of preceding CMV infection such as CMV isolation, CMV antigenemia or PCR-based detection of viral DNA as a marker for subsequent CMV disease. We studied the value of surveillance blood, urine, and throat CMV cultures in a co
Value of CMV PCR in BAL for preemptive treatment in allogeneic BMT (ABMT).: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:170 (abstract no. H40). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927767; Cardenoso L; Vallejo P; Camara R; Garcia I; Roman JL; Lopez-Brea ML; Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.; Detection of CMV in asymptomatic ABMT BAL by shell vial assay and conventional culture (SVA/CC) is useful to guide preemptive treatment with ganciclovir in these patients (Schmidt 1991). The aim of this study is to determine the utility of CMV PCR is asymptomati
Influence of HIV infection on chronic C hepatitis: a case-control study.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:175 (abstract no. H68). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927768; Roger PM; Tran A; Saint Paul MC; Fuzibet JG; Benzaken S; Michiels JF; Rampal P; Dellamonica P; Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Nice, France.; Objective: To compare the results of liver biopsies performed in hepatitis C virus infected-patients (HCV) with and without HIV infection. Methods: Forty two HIV patients were matched to forty non HIV patients by risk factor for HCV, sex, age and the presumed date of contamination. All enrolled patients had anti-HCV a
Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis (A,B,C, Delta, E). HIV 1-2, HTLV I and CMV in a STD clinic in Paris.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:175 (abstract no. H69). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927769; Janier M; Spindler E; Schenmetzler C; Lassau F; Meouchi R; Xerri B; Morel P; STD Clinic, Paris, France.; Sexual transmission of hepatitis in heterosexuals is of major concern. Patients and methods: Between June and December 1994, 610 consecutive patients consulting for a sexually transmitted disease (STD) in Hopital St.-Louis (Paris) were included in a prospective study of seroprevalence of viral infection markers Hepati
Detection of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus in saliva of human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals with and without Kaposi's sarcoma.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:178 (abstract no. H84). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927770; Koelle DM; Huang ML; Vieira J; Berger D; Piepkorn M; Corey L; University of Washington, Seattle, WA.; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has a higher incidence among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through male-male sexual contact than through parenteral routes. Recently, a gamma-2-herpesvirus, Kaposi s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been associated with Kaposi s sarcoma lesions. Little is k
Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of 1263W94, a benzimidazole riboside inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:178 (abstract no. H85). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927771; Biron KK; Davis MG; Stanat SC; Walton LM; Smith A; Koszalka GW; Drach JC; Townsend LB; Harvey RJ; Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC.; 1263W94 is one of a class of benzimidazole ribosides which selectively inhibits human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) replication in vitro. 1263W94 is not active against HSV 1 or 2, VZV, murine CMV, HIV, HBV, or HPV. The activity again
Association between cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus shedding in the semen of HIV infected men.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:178 (abstract no. H86). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927772; Diamond C; Coombs R; Speck C; Huang ML; Cent A; Corey L; Krieger J; University of Washington, Seattle, WA.; Introduction: CMV and HIV are important sexually transmitted viral pathogens. Our previous analyses of data based on this study population suggest that CMV shedding may increase HIV shedding in the semen. Objective: To further investigate potential interactions
Immunization with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) glycoprotein vaccine improves pregnancy outcome in an animal model of congenital CMV infection.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:179 (abstract no. H87). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927773; Bourne N; Rosteck R; Fox D; Schleiss MR; Bernstein DI; Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.; The guinea pig model of congenital CMV was used to evaluate a guinea pig CMV (gpCMV) glycoprotein vaccine. Female Hartley guinea pigs seronegative for gpCMV were immunized with 50 microgram of lectin column purified glycoproteins prepared from gpCMV infected (Po
A new generation of live, attenuated cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine strains.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:179 (abstract no. H88). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927774; Kemble G; Duke G; Winter R; Spaete R; Aviron, Mountain View, CA.; The highly cell culture adapted, avirulent Towne strain of CMV has been demonstrated to be a safe vaccine which can modify the course of severe CMV disease in renal transplant patients. However, Towne is overattenuated in that several doses are required to estab
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of acyclovir ACV)-resistant herpes simplex viruses (HSV) from immunocompromised subjects.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:184 (abstract no. H119). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927775; Gaudreau A; Balfour HH Jr; Erice A; Hill E; Boivin G; Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.; ACV and foscarnet (FOS) susceptibility studies were performed using a dye-uptake assay on 21 HSV isolates from 12 immunocompromised subjects who failed ACV therapy. The thymidine kinase (TK) phenotypes of these isolates were estimated by plaque autoradiography using iododeoxycytidine (IdC) or thymidine (TdR) in virus-
Susceptibility of multidrug resistant HIV-1 to combination drug regimens in vitro.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:186 (abstract no. I1). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927776; Manion DJ; Merrill DP; Chou TC; Hirsch MS; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.; Increasing clinical use of antiretroviral drugs in combination has allowed for the selection of isolates resistant to multiple drugs in monotherapy. We sought to determine the in vitro susceptibility of such HIV-1 clinical isolates to 2- and 3-drug combinations of the following compounds: zidovudine (
Protease inhibitor combination regimens against HIV-1 in vitro.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:187 (abstract no. I2). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927777; Merrill DP; Manion DJ; Chou TC; Hirsch MS; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.; Protease inhibitors are a promising new class of antiretroviral agents which act by impeding enzymatic function through substrate mimicry. We sought to determine the in vitro susceptibility of a panel of HIV-1 clinical isolates demonstrating various drug susceptibility phenotypes to 2-drug combinations of HIV-1
Drug resistance properties of a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:187 (abstract no. I3). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927778; Cherrington JM; Mulato AS; Fuller MD; Krawczyk S; McGee L; Kim CU; Chen MS; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.; Cyclic sulfones (GS 2992, GS 3333 and GS 3403) are potent, non peptidic inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. HIV-1 (IIIb) was passaged weekly in MT2 cells in the presence of gradually increasing concentrations of GS 2992. After 16 passes, virus was growing in the presence of 2 micromolar GS 2992, a concentration representing
Structure-based design, synthesis, and SAR of dihydropyrone sulfonamides as non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:187 (abstract no. I4). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927779; Johnson PD; Skulnick HI; Aristoff PA; Romero DL; Tommasi RA; Strohbach JW; Turner SR; Biles C; Morge RA; Judge TM; Morris JK; Gammill RB; Romines KR; Tomich PK; Horng MM; Lynn JC; Chong KT; Hinshaw RR; Janakiraman MN; Howe WJ; Watenpaugh KD; Thaisrivongs S; Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.; A broad screening program initially identified phenprocoumon (1) as an inhibitor of the HIV protease. Structure-based design, crystal structures of inhibitor/protease complexes, and molecular modelling led to U-96988 (2) and U-103017 (3); non-peptidic inhibitors of the HIV protease with micromolar antiviral activity.
Discovery of potent, orally bioavailable, non-peptidic, cyclic sulfones as HIV protease inhibitors as exemplified by GS 3333.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:187 (abstract no. I5). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927780; Kim CU; McGee L; Krawczyk S; Harwood E; Harada Y; Swaminathan S; Bischofberger N; Chen MS; Cherrington JM; Xiong SF; Mulato A; Flores C; Cundy KC; Griffin L; Oliyai R; Erickson JW; Lee A; Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA.; A rational drug design strategy using crystallographic information generated from several HIV Protease-inhibitor complexes has led to the discovery of a novel series of highly potent, non-peptidic and cyclic inhibitors of the HIV protease. The new structure of these compounds possesses a C(2) symmetric diol which rese
Biological characterisation of a novel HIV-protease inhibitor, CGP 70726, a representative of a new structural class.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:187 (abstract no. I6). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927781; Cozens RM; Ciba, Basel, Switzerland.; The clinical use of inhibitors of HIV-protease has often resulted in modest reduction in viral load and the selection of resistant strains of HIV. Because each compound appears to select a distinct set of mutants, there is a need for compounds that can complement, with respect to activity against resistant strains, th
Effect of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (alpha-1 AGP) on CGP 61755. An in vitro comparative study with other relevant HIV protease inhibitors.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:187 (abstract no. I7). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927782; Lazdins JK; Ciba, Basel, Switzerland.; CGP 61755 constitutes a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor from the Phe-c-(substituted) Phe peptidomimetic class of substances. This compound is highly potent and specific against the viral enzyme IC50=1nM). In a standard in vitro (10% fetal calf serum tissue culture medium) anti-HIV assay in MT-2 cells or primary human l
Physiological concentrations of human albumin or alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein do not markedly alter the anti-HIV activity of 1592U89, a novel inhibitor of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:188 (abstract no. I8). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927783; Bilello JA; Bilello PA; Symonds W; McDowell J; Drusano GL; Albany Medical College, Albany, NY.; 1592U89 a carbocyclic nucleoside analog with potent anti-HIV activity, is under evaluation in HIV-infected children and adults. Human alpha(1)-Acid glycoprotein (alpha(1)-AGP) is an acute phase protein whose synthesis increases during acute inflammatory episodes, neoplastic disease, and infections, including HIV disea
Pentafuside (T20), a novel inhibitor of HIV-1 fusion: pharmacokinetics profile and efficacy in HuPBMC-SCID mice.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:188 (abstract no. I9). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927784; Lambert DM; Venetta T; Dimassimo E; Hopkins S; Barney S; Guthrie K; Bucy T; Merutka G; Anwer M; Black PL; Wood OL; Broud DD; Bacho M; Kunder SC; Papermaster S; Ussery MA; Johnson MR; Trimeris, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC.; Pentafuside, a 36-mer synthetic peptide derived from the HIV-1 gp41 transmembrane protein, is a selective and potent in vitro inhibitor of HIV-1 fusion (EC(50)=1 ng/ml) and infection EC(50)=80 ng/ml). To evaluate T-20 as a potential lead compound for clinical investigation, the in vivo stability of T-20 in rodents was
Effect of dapsone (DDS) on HIV-1 replication in primary cell culture.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:188 (abstract no. I10). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927785; Duval X; Clayette P; Bosquet N; Frettier P; Martin M; Salmon-Ceron D; Vilde JL; Dormont D; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.; In attempt to explain the lower survival of HIV-infected patients treated by DDS 50 mg-iron protoxalate 200 mg/day as compared to aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystosis, the effect of different concentrations of DDS was tested in primary cell culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (
A quantitative in vitro assay to study inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:188 (abstract no. I11). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927786; Ackerson B; Krogstad P; Canon J; Rey O; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.; We have developed a quantitative assay to examine the susceptibility of HIV to nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and generated a set of molecularly cloned virus stains for use as reference standards. Site directed mutagenesis was used to construct variants of HIV(NL4-3) with mutations conf
In vitro antiretroviral activity of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors hydroxyurea, Didox and Trimidox in the HIV-infected HuPBMC SCID model and the Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RMuLV) model: mono- and combination therapy.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:188 (abstract no. I12). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927787; Ussery MA; Kunder SC; Goldberg G; Broud DD; Hall BE; Bacho M; Papermaster S; Elford HL; Black PL; United States Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD.; Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) inhibitors, especially hydroxyurea HU), have gained attention for their in vitro activity against HIV as well as in clinical trials. These compounds act upon cellular enzymes and might be less likely to produce resistant retroviral mutants than direct antiviral agents. In HIV-infected HuP
Activity of triciribine (TCN) against HIV-1 requires cellular phosphorylation and inhibition of a viral gene product.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:188 (abstract no. I13). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927788; Drach JC; Shipman C Jr; Ptak RG; Borysko KZ; Jacobson JG; Nassiri MR; Wotring LL; Porcari AR; Townsend LB; University of Michigan, School of Dentistry and College of Pharmacy,; Ann Arbor, MI.; Triciribine (TCN) exhibits potent activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2, IC(50)=0.02 micromolar (AIDS Res. Human Retroviruses 9:307, 1993). In contrast, growth of uninfected CEM-SS cells was inhibited with an IC(50)=60 micromolar. In both uninfected and HIV-1 infected cells, intracellular concentrations of the active metab
Enhancement of the anti-HIV effect of antisense oligonucleotides by delivery in pH-sensitive liposomes.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:189 (abstract no. I14). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927789; Slepushkin VA; Pretzer E; Simoes S; Steffan G; Flasher D; Duzgunes N; University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA.; Encapsulation of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (oligo-d(N)s) in antibody-targeted liposomes was shown to be the most effective means of enhancing their anti-HIV effect in vitro. We examined if the effect of an anti-rev 28-mer oligo-dN on HIV(BAL) production in human macrophages could be enhanced by delivery follow
Suppression of HIV-1 replication in human T cells transduced with an RNA decoy mimicking the rev binding domain of RRE.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:189 (abstract no. I15). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927790; Gottfredsson M; Gentry T; Phillips K; Hull S; Gilboa E; Smith C; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.; Strategies for inhibition of HIV through gene therapy are still in its infancy and several steps in the viral replication cycle can be targeted. It has been shown that viral production is triggered by binding of the regulatory proteins tat and rev to binding sites in the HIV genome, termed TAR and RRE, respectively. W
Enhanced uptake by macrophages of ester liposomes and archaeosomes containing coenzyme Q10.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:189 (abstract no. I16). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927791; Makabi-Panzu B; Patel GB; Sprott GD; National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada.; Coenzyme Q10 is an anti-apoptotic agent with promising potential for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy given the recent findings of apoptosis involvement toward AIDS progression of HIV-infected persons. Vesicles of 100 nm containing 156 to 266 micromol of coenzyme Q10 per mg of lipid were prepared by reverse
Detection of HIV-1 in semen and blood by nucleic acid amplification: effect of vasectomy on the recovery of HIV-1 RNA from seminal plasma.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:189 (abstract no. I17). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927792; Peterson G; Akridge RE; Gibson J; Nikolaeva I; Ross S; Lee W; Dragavon J; Nirapathpongporn A; Krieger J; Coombs RW; University of Washington, Seattle, WA.; Objective: To compare RT-PCR, QC-PCR and DNA PCR methods for the detection of HIV-1 in semen and blood from HIV-infected men before and following vasectomy. Methods: Thirty HIV-1 infected asymptomatic men were recruited from the Thailand army to provide blood and semen specimens
Detection of HIV-1 infection with a green fluorescent protein reporter system.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:189 (abstract no. I18). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927793; Dorsky DI; Wells M; Harrington RD; University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT.; The Aequorea green fluorescent protein S65T variant has been developed as a reporter system for detecting HIV-1 infection. The advantages of this system include its simplicity (a single step following HIV-1 infection), high sensitivity and the ability to detect live infected cells either by conventional fluorescence m
Competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for quantifying murine AIDS virus.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:190 (abstract no. I19). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927794; Desforges B; Hatin I; Akarid K; Carbon C; Sinet M; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.; Murine AIDS (MAIDS) is characterized by splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypergamma-globulinemia and T and B cell dysfunction, followed by B-cell lymphomas in the late stages of the disease. The causative agent of MAIDS is the defective murine leukemia virus BM5d, that requires the replication-competent ecotropic MuLV (
Performance of OTC's investigational vironostika HIV-1 antigen microelisa system in sera and plasma specimens.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:190 (abstract no. I20). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927795; Lockwood DE; Holody T; Hyman J; Kay JW; Organon Teknika Corporation (OTC), Durham, NC.; Objective: To evaluate OTC s investigational HIV-1 p24 antigen assay with sera and plasma populations. Sensitivity: Sera/plasma specimens from 471 individuals considered at risk for HIV-1 infection were tested: 172 (36.5%) were IR; 168 (35.7%) were RR; and 168 (35.7%) were confirmed positive by neutralization in these
Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I and type II.: Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Sep 15-18;:190 (abstract no. I21). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98927796; Chetty C; Horvath B; Scruggs P; Witt D; Organon Teknika Corporation (OTC), Durham, NC.; An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I and type II was developed using a solid phase containing both HTLV-I and HTLV-II viral lysates and recombinant HTLV-I p21E. Immune complexes formed by antibodies in the samples and the solid phase antigens
The effect of haptoglobin polymorphism on HIV-1 activation.